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  • SAGE Publications  (562)
  • Psychologie  (562)
  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    A meta‐analysis of psychopathy‐, antisocial PD‐ and FFM associations
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  European Journal of Personality Vol. 23, No. 7 ( 2009-11), p. 531-565
    Details
    In: European Journal of Personality, SAGE Publications, Vol. 23, No. 7 ( 2009-11), p. 531-565
    Kurzfassung: This research meta‐analytically summarizes the relationships of the Five‐Factor Model (FFM) with psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD). Effect sizes of the associations between psychopathy, APD and the FFM were compiled from 26 independent samples (N = 6913) for psychopathy and 57 independent samples (N = 16 424) for APD. The results revealed predominantly points of similarity and some differences in the FFM associations of both disorders. Symptoms of psychopathy and APD were negatively associated with Conscientiousness and Agreeableness facets and positively with scores on Angry–Hostility (N2), Impulsiveness (N5), Excitement Seeking (E5) and negatively with Warmth (E1). Only psychopathy had a small negative association with Anxiety (N1) and was characterized by stronger negative associations with Agreeableness and Straightforwardness (A2), Compliance (A4) and Modesty (A5) compared to APD. The moderator analyses showed that sample type, use of the NEO‐PI‐R and APD instrument moderated the APD FFM associations, while psychopathy instrument and age group were moderators in the psychopathy MA. Implications of this research for the assessment of APD and psychopathy relying on dimensional models of personality pathology are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0890-2070 , 1099-0984
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/per.729
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2009
    ZDB Id: 1501719-9
    ZDB Id: 624551-1
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Sex differences in school performance as a function of conscientiousness, imagination and the mediating role of problem behaviour
    SAGE Publications ; 2008
    In:  European Journal of Personality Vol. 22, No. 3 ( 2008-05), p. 167-184
    Details
    In: European Journal of Personality, SAGE Publications, Vol. 22, No. 3 ( 2008-05), p. 167-184
    Kurzfassung: The roles of Conscientiousness and Imagination in explaining sex differences in school performance were examined in two Flemish samples of school children using parental and teacher ratings of school performance (N = 599) and school grades (N = 448). Both personality domains predicted parental ratings of school performance and grades. In one sample, girls received slightly higher parental ratings of language achievement and overall performance ratings by teachers. However, controlling for Conscientiousness and Imagination facets, boys scored slightly higher for math and history. In this sample, lower externalising behaviour partially mediated the relation between Conscientiousness facets and school performance in girls but not in boys, but this pattern was not replicated in the second sample. We concluded that sex differences in school performance were small and many could be accounted for by personality traits. In some cases, however, personality traits acted to amplify sex differences in school performance. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0890-2070 , 1099-0984
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/per.675
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2008
    ZDB Id: 1501719-9
    ZDB Id: 624551-1
    SSG: 5,2
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Gender Stereotypes of Personality : Universal and Accurate?
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology Vol. 45, No. 5 ( 2014-06), p. 675-694
    Details
    In: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 45, No. 5 ( 2014-06), p. 675-694
    Kurzfassung: Numerous studies have documented subtle but consistent sex differences in self-reports and observer-ratings of five-factor personality traits, and such effects were found to show well-defined developmental trajectories and remarkable similarity across nations. In contrast, very little is known about perceived gender differences in five-factor traits in spite of their potential implications for gender biases at the interpersonal and societal level. In particular, it is not clear how perceived gender differences in five-factor personality vary across age groups and national contexts and to what extent they accurately reflect assessed sex differences in personality. To address these questions, we analyzed responses from 3,323 individuals across 26 nations (mean age = 22.3 years, 31% male) who were asked to rate the five-factor personality traits of typical men or women in three age groups (adolescent, adult, and older adult) in their respective nations. Raters perceived women as slightly higher in openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness as well as some aspects of extraversion and neuroticism. Perceived gender differences were fairly consistent across nations and target age groups and mapped closely onto assessed sex differences in self- and observer-rated personality. Associations between the average size of perceived gender differences and national variations in sociodemographic characteristics, value systems, or gender equality did not reach statistical significance. Findings contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of gender stereotypes of personality and suggest that perceptions of actual sex differences may play a more important role than culturally based gender roles and socialization processes.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0022-0221 , 1552-5422
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0022022113520075
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2014
    ZDB Id: 2021892-8
    SSG: 0
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology Vol. 52, No. 3 ( 2021-04), p. 231-258
    Details
    In: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 52, No. 3 ( 2021-04), p. 231-258
    Kurzfassung: Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of gender equality and human development. Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions ( N = 33,417), we demonstrate: (1) the psychometric isomorphism of the PMB (i.e., its comparability in meaning and statistical properties across the individual and country levels); (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; and (3) associations of the PMB with nation-level gender equality and human development. Findings are discussed in terms of their statistical and theoretical implications for understanding widely-held beliefs about the precariousness of the male gender role.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0022-0221 , 1552-5422
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0022022121997997
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 2021892-8
    SSG: 0
    SSG: 5,2
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Justifying Decisions in Social Dilemmas: Justification Pressures and Tacit Coordination Under Environmental Uncertainty
    SAGE Publications ; 2007
    In:  Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin Vol. 33, No. 12 ( 2007-12), p. 1648-1660
    Details
    In: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, SAGE Publications, Vol. 33, No. 12 ( 2007-12), p. 1648-1660
    Kurzfassung: This article investigates how justification pressures influence harvesting decisions in common resource dilemmas. The authors argue that when a division rule prescribes a specific harvest level, such as under environmental certainty, people adhere more strongly to this division rule when they have to justify their decisions to fellow group members. When a division rule does not prescribe a specific harvest level, such as under environmental uncertainty, people restrict their harvests when they have to justify their decisions to fellow group members. The results of two experimental studies corroborate this line of reasoning. The findings are discussed in terms of tacit coordination. The authors specify conditions under which justification pressures may or may not facilitate efficient coordination.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0146-1672 , 1552-7433
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0146167207307490
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2007
    ZDB Id: 2047603-6
    SSG: 5,2
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    More than the Big Five: Egoism and the HEXACO model of personality
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  European Journal of Personality Vol. 23, No. 8 ( 2009-12), p. 635-654
    Details
    In: European Journal of Personality, SAGE Publications, Vol. 23, No. 8 ( 2009-12), p. 635-654
    Kurzfassung: Egoism is a personality trait that is associated with self‐enriching and self‐centred behaviours. Research has suggested that egoism lies beyond the Big Five personality factors. Recently, the HEXACO model of personality has been proposed as an alternative to the Big Five model. In three studies, the relation between the HEXACO Personality Inventory and egoism, conceptualized using three different questionnaires (DPQ Egoism, SPI Egotism and the Egoism Scale), is investigated. In all three studies, the HEXACO Honesty–Humility factor scale was the most important predictor of egoism. Additionally, in two studies in which FFM measures were used, the HEXACO Personality Inventory explained more variance in egoism than did the FFPI (Study 2) and the NEO‐PI‐R (Study 3). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0890-2070 , 1099-0984
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/per.733
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2009
    ZDB Id: 1501719-9
    ZDB Id: 624551-1
    SSG: 5,2
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Assessing personality at risk in personnel selection and development
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  European Journal of Personality Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2009-02), p. 51-69
    Details
    In: European Journal of Personality, SAGE Publications, Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2009-02), p. 51-69
    Kurzfassung: This paper demonstrates the validity and usefulness of a count technique to screen for potential personality dysfunctioning in NEO‐PI‐R ratings obtained in selection and professional development assessments. The usefulness of this screening technique for Industrial, Work and Organizational (IWO) psychologists is demonstrated in five different samples that were administered the NEO‐PI‐R for selection or development purposes. Three additional samples served as normative data to compute FFM PD count cut‐offs that can be used for selection and career development decisions. Evidence for the construct validity of 6 out of 10 FFM PD counts was provided, and all FFM PD compound scales were significantly related to important criteria, including the final selection decision, the results of a behaviourally oriented selection interview and self‐rated work competencies. The practical utility and limitations of this count technique for personnel selection and development are discussed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0890-2070 , 1099-0984
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/per.703
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2009
    ZDB Id: 1501719-9
    ZDB Id: 624551-1
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    The Effect of Concurrent Bandwidth Feedback on Learning the Lane-Keeping Task in a Driving Simulator
    SAGE Publications ; 2011
    In:  Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Vol. 53, No. 1 ( 2011-02), p. 50-62
    Details
    In: Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, SAGE Publications, Vol. 53, No. 1 ( 2011-02), p. 50-62
    Kurzfassung: Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether concurrent bandwidth feedback improves learning of the lane-keeping task in a driving simulator. Background: Previous research suggests that bandwidth feedback improves learning and that off-target feedback is superior to on-target feedback. This study aimed to extend these findings for the lane-keeping task. Method: Participants without a driver’s license drove five 8-min lane-keeping sessions in a driver training simulator: three practice sessions, an immediate retention session, and a delayed retention session 1 day later. There were four experimental groups ( n = 15 per group): (a) on-target, receiving seat vibrations when the center of the car was within 0.5 m of the lane center; (b) off-target, receiving seat vibrations when the center of the car was more than 0.5 m away from the lane center; (c) control, receiving no vibrations; and (d) realistic, receiving seat vibrations depending on engine speed. During retention, all groups were provided with the realistic vibrations. Results: During practice, on-target and off-target groups had better lane-keeping performance than the nonaugmented groups, but this difference diminished in the retention phase. Furthermore, during late practice and retention, the off-target group outperformed the on-target group. The off-target group had a higher rate of steering reversal and higher steering entropy than the nonaugmented groups, whereas no clear group differences were found regarding mean speed, mental workload, or self-reported measures. Conclusion: Off-target feedback is superior to on-target feedback for learning the lane-keeping task. Application: This research provides knowledge to researchers and designers of training systems about the value of feedback in simulator-based training of vehicular control.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0018-7208 , 1547-8181
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0018720810393241
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2011
    ZDB Id: 2066426-6
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Social Processes: What Determines Industrial Workers’ Intention to Use Exoskeletons?
    SAGE Publications ; 2020
    In:  Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Vol. 62, No. 3 ( 2020-05), p. 337-350
    Details
    In: Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, SAGE Publications, Vol. 62, No. 3 ( 2020-05), p. 337-350
    Kurzfassung: The aim of this study is to test the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model for explaining the intention to use exoskeletons among industrial workers. Background Exoskeletons could help reduce physical workload and risk for injuries among industrial workers. Therefore, it is crucial to understand which factors play a role in workers’ intention to use such exoskeletons. Method Industrial workers ( N = 124) completed a survey on their attitudes regarding the use of exoskeletons at their workplace. Using partial least squares (PLS) path modeling, the UTAUT model and a revised version of the UTAUT model were fitted to these data. Results The adapted UTAUT model of Dwivedi et al. (2017) was able to explain up to 75.6% of the variance in intention to use exoskeletons, suggesting a reasonable model fit. Conclusion The model fit suggests that effort expectancy (how easy it seems to use an exoskeleton) plays an important role in predicting the intention to use exoskeletons. Social influence (whether others think workers should use exoskeletons) and performance expectancy (how useful exoskeletons seem to be for work) play a smaller role in predicting the intention to use. Applications This research informs companies about the optimal implementation of exoskeletons by improving the determinants of acceptance among their workers.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0018-7208 , 1547-8181
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0018720819889534
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2020
    ZDB Id: 2066426-6
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Identity in Descriptions of Others Across Ethnic Groups in South Africa
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology Vol. 45, No. 9 ( 2014-10), p. 1411-1433
    Details
    In: Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 45, No. 9 ( 2014-10), p. 1411-1433
    Kurzfassung: We examined the structure of identity implied in descriptions of others in four South African ethnic groups (Black, Coloured, Indian, and White). We tested the validity of an identity model with attributes, relational orientation, situational aspects, ideology, and valence as constituent dimensions of other-identity, and social distance as a moderator of constituent dimensions. Data were collected from 1,160 participants who provided descriptions of individuals they knew (parents, friends, grandparents, neighbors, and teachers) in semistructured interviews. Results confirmed that relational orientation provides a better conceptual framework of other-identity than individualism–collectivism: Personal orientation (individualism) and collective membership orientation (collectivism) are situated at the endpoints of the relational orientation dimension, with implicit and explicit relational orientation placed in between. We found that ethnic differences are most salient in implicit and explicit relational orientation categories in White and Black South Africans, respectively. We found that the identity of distal individuals was described in less abstract and more norm-regulated terms than the identity of proximal individuals. We concluded that all dimensions of the model are relevant for other-identity.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0022-0221 , 1552-5422
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0022022114542466
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2014
    ZDB Id: 2021892-8
    SSG: 0
    SSG: 5,2
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