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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Nuclear Splicing Factor RNA Binding Motif 5 Promotes Caspase Activation in Human Neuronal Cells, and Increases after Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice
    SAGE Publications ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism Vol. 35, No. 4 ( 2015-04), p. 655-666
    Details
    In: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, SAGE Publications, Vol. 35, No. 4 ( 2015-04), p. 655-666
    Abstract: Splicing factors (SFs) coordinate nuclear intron/exon splicing of RNA. Splicing factor disturbances can cause cell death. RNA binding motif 5 (RBM5) and 10 (RBM10) promote apoptosis in cancer cells by activating detrimental alternative splicing of key death/survival genes. The role(s) of RBM5/10 in neurons has not been established. Here, we report that RBM5 knockdown in human neuronal cells decreases caspase activation by staurosporine. In contrast, RBM10 knockdown augments caspase activation. To determine whether brain injury alters RBM signaling, we measured RBM5/10 protein in mouse cortical/hippocampus homogenates after controlled cortical impact (CCI) traumatic brain injury (TBI) plus hemorrhagic shock (CCI+HS). The RBM5/10 staining was higher 48  to 72 hours after injury and appeared to be increased in neuronal nuclei of the hippocampus. We also measured levels of other nuclear SFs known to be essential for cellular viability and report that splicing factor 1 (SF1) but not splicing factor 3A (SF3A) decreased 4  to 72 hours after injury. Finally, we confirm that RBM5/10 regulate protein expression of several target genes including caspase-2, cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), LETM1 Domain-Containing Protein 1 (LETMD1), and amyloid precursor-like protein 2 (APLP2) in neuronal cells. Knockdown of RBM5 appeared to increase expression of c-FLIP(s), LETMD1, and APLP2 but decrease caspase-2.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0271-678X , 1559-7016
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2014.242
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039456-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Surgery for Velopharyngeal Insufficiency Following Cleft Palate Repair: An Audit of Contemporary Practice and Proposed Schema of Techniques and Variations
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal
    Details
    In: The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Surgical treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) includes a wide array of procedures. The purpose of this study was to develop a classification for VPI procedures and to describe variations in how they are performed. Design/participants/setting/outcomes: We completed an in-depth review of the literature to develop a preliminary schema that encompassed existing VPI procedures. Forty-one cleft surgeons from twelve hospitals across the USA and Canada reviewed the schema and either confirmed that it encompassed all VPI procedures they performed or requested additions. Two surgeons then observed the conduct of the procedures by surgeons at each hospital. Standardized reports were completed with each visit to further explore the literature, refine the schema, and delineate the common and unique aspects of each surgeon's technique. Results Procedures were divided into three groups: palate-based surgery; pharynx-based surgery; and augmentation. Palate-based operations included straight line mucosal incision with intravelar veloplasty, double-opposing Z-plasty, and palate lengthening with buccal myomucosal flaps. Many surgeons blended maneuvers from these three techniques, so a more descriptive schema was developed classifying the maneuvers employed on the oral mucosa, nasal mucosa, and muscle. Pharynx-based surgery included pharyngeal flap and sphincter pharyngoplasty, with variations in design for each. Augmentation procedures included palate and posterior wall augmentation. Conclusions A comprehensive schema for VPI procedures was developed incorporating intentional adaptations in technique. There was substantial variation amongst surgeons in how each procedure was performed. The schema may enable more specific evaluations of surgical outcomes and exploration of the mechanisms through which these procedures improve speech.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1055-6656 , 1545-1569
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/10556656231181359
    RVK:
    XA 36625
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2030056-6
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Diacetyl Increases Sensory Innervation and Substance P Production in Rat Trachea
    SAGE Publications ; 2014
    In:  Toxicologic Pathology Vol. 42, No. 3 ( 2014-04), p. 582-590
    Details
    In: Toxicologic Pathology, SAGE Publications, Vol. 42, No. 3 ( 2014-04), p. 582-590
    Abstract: Inhalation of diacetyl, a butter flavoring, causes airway responses potentially mediated by sensory nerves. This study examines diacetyl-induced changes in sensory nerves of tracheal epithelium. Rats ( n = 6/group) inhaled 0-, 25-, 249-, or 346-ppm diacetyl for 6 hr. Tracheas and vagal ganglia were removed 1-day postexposure and labeled for substance P (SP) or protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5). Vagal ganglia neurons projecting to airway epithelium were identified by axonal transport of fluorescent microspheres intratracheally instilled 14 days before diacetyl inhalation. End points were SP and PGP9.5 nerve fiber density (NFD) in tracheal epithelium and SP-positive neurons projecting to the trachea. PGP9.5-immunoreactive NFD decreased in foci with denuded epithelium, suggesting loss of airway sensory innervation. However, in the intact epithelium adjacent to denuded foci, SP-immunoreactive NFD increased from 0.01 ± 0.002 in controls to 0.05 ± 0.01 after exposure to 346-ppm diacetyl. In vagal ganglia, SP-positive airway neurons increased from 3.3 ± 3.0% in controls to 25.5 ± 6.6% after inhaling 346-ppm diacetyl. Thus, diacetyl inhalation increases SP levels in sensory nerves of airway epithelium. Because SP release in airways promotes inflammation and activation of sensory nerves mediates reflexes, neural changes may contribute to flavorings-related lung disease pathogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0192-6233 , 1533-1601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0192623313493689
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2056753-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Teaching Assertive Communication Skills to Adolescents with Diabetes: Evaluation of a Camp Curriculuxn
    SAGE Publications ; 1993
    In:  The Diabetes Educator Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 1993-04), p. 136-141
    Details
    In: The Diabetes Educator, SAGE Publications, Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 1993-04), p. 136-141
    Abstract: Diabetes management requires consistently implementing adherence behaviors in a variety of settings. For some adolescents, consistency may be difficult due to problems in communication and assertiveness. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of a camp curriculum to teach assertive communication skills to adolescents with diabetes. The curriculum included didactic information, sharing ofpersonal experiences, and role playing. Results showed a significant increase in adolescents' perceptions of their assertiveness from before to after the camp experience, an increase that was still apparent at a 3-month follow-up. No changes were reported in parental perceptions oftheir adolescents' degree of openness in communicating or in communication problems. In contrast, adolescents reported a significant decrease in their degree of openness in communicating with fathers, with a similar tnend for mothers. These results suggest that the curriculum was successful in meeting the primary goal of enhancing the adolescents' assertive communication skills but had a questionable impact on their general communications with parents.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0145-7217 , 1554-6063
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/014572179301900208
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1993
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3062380-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2173745-9
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Construction Safety and Informal Training: A Two Part Study
    SAGE Publications ; 2008
    In:  Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting Vol. 52, No. 21 ( 2008-09), p. 1723-1727
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, SAGE Publications, Vol. 52, No. 21 ( 2008-09), p. 1723-1727
    Abstract: Informal training consistently occurs on construction worksites without planned or organized instruction or supervision. This study analyzes the benefits, circumstances, and means by which informal training occurs and construction workers' perceptions of job safety and potential hazards. Results indicated that construction owners had an overall positive view of informal training, with a few minor issues. The study also revealed that, although aware of dangers on the job, workers still often neglect safety measures and can benefit from informal training in day-to-day activities. The results should warrant more research on the topic of informal training in relation to construction safety and health and provides a context-based description of informal training.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-5067 , 1071-1813
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/154193120805202107
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2415770-3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Robust RBM3 and β-klotho expression in developing neurons in the human brain
    SAGE Publications ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism Vol. 39, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. 2355-2367
    Details
    In: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, SAGE Publications, Vol. 39, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. 2355-2367
    Abstract: RNA binding motif 3 (RBM3) is a powerful neuroprotectant that inhibits neurodegenerative cell death in vivo and is a promising therapeutic target in brain ischemia. RBM3 is increased by the hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in an age- and temperature-dependent manner in rat cortical neurons. FGF21 receptor binding is controlled by the transmembrane protein β-klotho, which is mostly absent in the adult brain. We discovered that RBM3/β-klotho is unexpectedly high in the human infant vs. adult brain (hippocampus/prefrontal cortex). The use of tissue homogenates in that study precluded a comparison of RBM3/β-klotho expression among different CNS cell-types, thus, omitted key evidence (i.e. confirmation of neuronal expression) that would otherwise provide a critical link to support their possible direct neuroprotective effects in humans. This report addresses that knowledge gap. High-quality fixed human hippocampus, cortex, and hypothalamic tissues were acquired from the NIH Neurobiobank ( 〈 1 yr (premature born) infants, 1 yr, 4 yr, and 34 yr). Dual labeling of cell-type markers vs. RBM3/β-klotho revealed enriched staining of targets in neurons in the developing brain. Identifying that RBM3/β-klotho is abundant in neurons in the immature brain is fundamentally important to guide protocol design and conceptual frameworks germane to future testing of these neuroprotective pathways in humans.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0271-678X , 1559-7016
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0271678X19878889
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039456-1
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