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  • SAGE Publications  (66)
  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Factors Associated with Blood Concentrations of Indoxyl Sulfate and p -Cresol in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis
    SAGE Publications ; 2010
    In:  Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis Vol. 30, No. 4 ( 2010-07), p. 456-463
    Details
    In: Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis, SAGE Publications, Vol. 30, No. 4 ( 2010-07), p. 456-463
    Kurzfassung: Accumulating evidence supports the important role of protein-bound uremic toxins such as indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol in uremic syndrome. They exert direct deleterious effects on a variety of cells and could link to clinical outcome. Factors relevant to indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol levels in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients have rarely been investigated. We conducted a cross-sectional study to analyze the factors that correlate with both total and free indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol. Methods 182 stable PD patients with mean PD therapy duration 38.5 ± 33.3 months were enrolled. Their mean age was 48.9 ± 13.5 years; 62.6% (114/182) were female patients. Demographic data, including age, gender, and PD therapy duration, were reviewed and recorded. PD-associated features such as residual kidney function (RKF), peritoneal transport property, and dialysis modality were also recorded. Hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 were measured. Levels of total and free indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol were determined. Results Patients without RKF had lower Kt/V and weekly creatinine clearance and higher serum creatinine and IL-6 levels. These patients also had higher total and free indoxyl sulfate levels. There was no difference in indoxyl sulfate or p-cresol levels compared to patients with different peritoneal transport properties or with different treatment modalities. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that weekly creatinine clearance and serum creatinine were independent associates of total indoxyl sulfate level; IL-6, total indoxyl sulfate, and free p-cresol were associated with free indoxyl sulfate level. Weekly creatinine clearance and free p-cresol level independently correlated with total p-cresol; while gender, total p-cresol, and free indoxyl sulfate were associated with free p-cresol level. Conclusion The free forms of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol constituted a small portion of their total forms. The presence of RKF affected levels of free and total indoxyl sulfate. IL-6 level was significantly associated with free indoxyl sulfate level. There was a close relationship between indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol levels in their free forms in PD patients.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0896-8608 , 1718-4304
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2009.00092
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2010
    ZDB Id: 2075957-5
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  • 2
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    Critical Factors of Dose Distribution in Breast Cancer Tomotherapy With Metallic Port Breast Tissue Expander: Image Correction, Delivery Mode, and Volume Impact
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment Vol. 21 ( 2022-01), p. 153303382210931-
    Details
    In: Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment, SAGE Publications, Vol. 21 ( 2022-01), p. 153303382210931-
    Kurzfassung: Objectives: Breast reconstruction helps patients enhance their body image after mastectomy. Metallic ports in tissue expanders lead to dose attenuation during radiotherapy. Tissue expander volume shifts the metallic port position, possibly causing various dose alterations. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the MAGNA-SITE TM tissue expander volume on tomotherapy. Methods: Boluses and MAGNA-SITE TM were placed on a Rando phantom to simulate the tissue expander under the pectoralis major. Computed tomography simulation images were transformed through replacing the electron density of (a) metallic artifact region only (Image metallic port) and (b) metallic port and artifact regions (Image Homo). Planning was calculated using fixed-beam and helical-mode techniques. Radiation was delivered with different volumes of the tissue expander. Results: Integrated 997 dose points were calculated. Planning with Image metallic port provided a calculated dose significantly closer to a realistic dose. The percentage of doses achieving the prescribed dose was significantly higher in the helical mode. In layer 2, the 100-mL tissue expander had a significantly lower measurement dose than all other volumes. Volume 150 mL had the highest increase in the measured dose difference from the plan dose at layer 2. Volume 250 mL had the highest percentage of measurement doses passing the 5% dose difference from plan dose. The coldest dose areas were noted in layers 1 and 2, especially in the metallic port–direct image mode. The average dose reduction of the measured cold areas was 6.03 ± 1.94%. Conclusion: Dose distribution was affected by the volume of the metallic port tissue expander. Tomotherapy with proper image heterogeneity correction and helical mode can reduce the attenuation from the metallic port. A tissue expander volume of 150 to 250 mL is suitable. Patients with high risk at the chest wall should be evaluated carefully to avoid underdosing. Radiation oncologists should closely cooperate with plastic surgeons to optimize treatment for each patient.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1533-0346 , 1533-0338
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/15330338221093148
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2146365-7
    ZDB Id: 2220436-2
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  • 3
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    Comparison of the Immunomodulatory Effect of TCM Formulas Containing Either Astragali Radix or With This Replaced by Hedysari Radix
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Natural Product Communications Vol. 17, No. 12 ( 2022-12), p. 1934578X2211427-
    Details
    In: Natural Product Communications, SAGE Publications, Vol. 17, No. 12 ( 2022-12), p. 1934578X2211427-
    Kurzfassung: Hedysari Radix (Hong Qi) is a commonly substituted material with similar functions to Astragali Radix (Huang Qi). However, it is still misused as Huang Qi, even though people know they are different species. This study aims to find evidence that Hong Qi can replace Huang Qi in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas used for immunomodulation. Therefore, we evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of both medicines on dendritic cells. The water extract of Hong Qi showed a more substantial immunomodulatory effect on dendritic cells in 500 μg/mL concentration compared to Huang Qi in the same dosage. Furthermore, we selected the 23 TCM formulas to investigate their immunomodulatory function when Huang Qi and Hong Qi alternated within a formula. Among them, 6 formulas containing Hong Qi demonstrated a better immunomodulatory effect on the dendritic cells than those containing Huang Qi. The other formulas containing Hong Qi showed an insignificantly different physiological impact from the original formulation. Therefore, based on the TCM theory and our experimental results, replacing Huang Qi with Hong Qi for a formula could be more suitable when the immunomodulatory effect or nourishing Qi is required.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1934-578X , 1555-9475
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1934578X221142797
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2430442-6
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
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    Mean curvature effect on the response and failure of round-hole tubes submitted to cyclic bending
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Advances in Mechanical Engineering Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 168781402110622-
    Details
    In: Advances in Mechanical Engineering, SAGE Publications, Vol. 13, No. 11 ( 2021-11), p. 168781402110622-
    Kurzfassung: This paper presents an experiment and analysis to investigate the response and failure of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy round-hole tubes with different hole diameters of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mm subjected to cyclic bending at different curvature ratios of −1.0, −0.5, 0.0, and +0.5. The curvature ratio is defined as the minimum curvature divides by the maximum curvature. Four different curvature ratios are employed to highlight the mean curvature effect. It can be seen from the experimental results that the moment-curvature relationships gradually relax and become steady states after a few bending cycles for curvature ratios of −0.5, 0.0, and +0.5. The ovalization-curvature relationship depicts an asymmetrical, ratchetting and increasing as the number of bending cycles increases for all curvature ratios. In addition, for each hole diameter, the relationships between the curvature range and the number of bending cycles necessary to initiate failure on double logarithmic coordinates display four almost-parallel straight lines for four different curvature ratios. Finally, this paper introduces an empirical formula to simulate the above relationships. By comparing with experimental results, the analysis can reasonably describe the experimental results.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1687-8140 , 1687-8140
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/16878140211062273
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2021
    ZDB Id: 2501620-9
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
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    Evaluation of redox statuses in patients with hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma
    SAGE Publications ; 2009
    In:  Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine Vol. 46, No. 5 ( 2009-09), p. 394-400
    Details
    In: Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 46, No. 5 ( 2009-09), p. 394-400
    Kurzfassung: Excess reactive oxygen species related to neoplasia of liver has been established. Essentially, the human body has developed different antioxidant systems for defence against these attacks. To evaluate the redox status in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) induced by hepatitis B virus (HBV), the most important aetiological factor in Taiwan, changes in O 2 . generation, lipid peroxidation as well as antioxidant status in the blood of HCC patients with HBV carriers for more than 20 years were measured. Methods Superoxide anion radical (O 2 .− ) generation and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) served as an index of lipid peroxidation along with the analyses of activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GRx); also, glutathione status, including reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and the levels of vitamins A, C and E were determined. Results In 54 patients, the levels of O 2 .− , MDA and GSSG, and the activities of SOD and GRx of blood were significantly higher than those of 57 controls. Conversely, the levels of GSH and total GSH, and GSH/GSSG ratio, and vitamins A and C were significantly decreased. Additionally, there were no significant changes in the activity of GPx and the levels of vitamin E. Conclusions Our data suggest that the redox statuses in patients with HBV-associated HCC were elevated or decreased in certain parameters. However, the increased activities of antioxidant enzymes may be a compensatory up-regulation and the decrease antioxidant statuses were responses to the enhanced oxidative stress in those patients.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0004-5632 , 1758-1001
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1258/acb.2009.009029
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2009
    ZDB Id: 2041298-8
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  • 6
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    Online-Ressource
    Predicting Fatigue-Associated Aberrant Driving Behaviors Using a Dynamic Weighted Moving Average Model With a Long Short-Term Memory Network Based on Heart Rate Variability
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
    Details
    In: Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, SAGE Publications
    Kurzfassung: This study proposed a moving average (MA) approach to dynamically process heart rate variability (HRV) and developed aberrant driving behavior (ADB) prediction models by using long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. Background Fatigue-associated ADBs have traffic safety implications. Numerous models to predict such acts based on physiological responses have been developed but are still in embryonic stages. Method This study recorded the data of 20 commercial bus drivers during their routine tasks on four consecutive days and subsequently asked them to complete questionnaires, including subjective sleep quality, driver behavior questionnaire and the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. Driving behaviors and corresponding HRV were determined using a navigational mobile application and a wristwatch. The dynamic-weighted MA (DWMA) and exponential-weighted MA were used to process HRV in 5-min intervals. The data were independently separated for training and testing. Models were trained with 10-fold cross-validation strategy, their accuracies were evaluated, and Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) values were used to determine feature importance. Results Significant increases in the standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive heartbeat interval differences (RMSSD), and normalized spectrum of high frequency (nHF) were observed in the pre-event stage. The DWMA-based model exhibited the highest accuracy for both driver types (urban: 84.41%; highway: 80.56%). The SDNN, RMSSD, and nHF demonstrated relatively high SHAP values. Conclusion HRV metrics can serve as indicators of mental fatigue. DWMA-based LSTM could predict the occurrence of the level of fatigue associated with ADBs. Application The established models can be used in realistic driving scenarios.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0018-7208 , 1547-8181
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/00187208231183874
    RVK:
    CL 1000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 2066426-6
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  • 7
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    One-Year Treatment Outcome of Profile Changes After Transcutaneous Maxillary Distraction Osteogenesis in Growing Children With Cleft Lip and Palate
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal Vol. 59, No. 3 ( 2022-03), p. 299-306
    Details
    In: The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal, SAGE Publications, Vol. 59, No. 3 ( 2022-03), p. 299-306
    Kurzfassung: To evaluate the long-term stability of LeFort I osteotomy followed by distraction osteogenesis with a transcutaneous rigid external device for the treatment of severe maxillary hypoplasia in patients with cleft lip and palate. Patients and Methods: Nine patients with cleft lip and palate underwent rigid external distraction after a LeFort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement. Lateral cephalometric films were analyzed for assessment of treatment outcome and stability in 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year after distraction. Results: Significant maxillary advancement was observed in the horizontal direction, with the anterior nasal spine (ANS) distance of the maxilla increasing by an average of 20.5 ± 5.1 mm after distraction. The ANS relapse rates in 6 months and 1 year were 8.7% and 12.8%, respectively. The mean inclination of upper incisors to the palatal plane was almost unchanged (before: 109.8° ± 6.6°; after: 108.9° ± 7.5°). The movement ratios at the nasal tip/ANS, soft tissue A point/A point, and the upper vermilion border/upper incisor edge were 0.36:1, 0.72:1, and 0.83:1, respectively. Conclusion: Considerable maxillary advancement was achieved with less change of incisors inclination after distraction. Moreover, the relapse rate after 1 year was minimal. The concave facial profile was improved as well as the facial balance and aesthetics.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1055-6656 , 1545-1569
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/10556656211005638
    RVK:
    XA 36625
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2022
    ZDB Id: 2030056-6
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  • 8
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    Aberrant Driving Behavior Prediction for Urban Bus Drivers in Taiwan Using Heart Rate Variability and Various Machine Learning Approaches: A Pilot Study
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board Vol. 2677, No. 3 ( 2023-03), p. 1304-1320
    Details
    In: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, SAGE Publications, Vol. 2677, No. 3 ( 2023-03), p. 1304-1320
    Kurzfassung: Objective: Aberrant driving behavior (ADB) decreases road safety and is particularly relevant for urban bus drivers, who are required to drive daily shifts of considerable duration. Although numerous frameworks based on human physiological features have been applied to predict ADB, the research remains at an early stage. This study used heart rate variability (HRV) parameters to establish ADB occurrence prediction models with various machine learning approaches. Methods: Twelve Taiwanese urban bus drivers were recruited for four consecutive days of naturalistic driving data collection (from their routine routes) between March and April 2020; driving behaviors and physiological signals were obtained from provided devices. Weather and traffic congestion information was determined from public data, while sleep quality and professional driving experience were self-reported. To develop the ADB prediction model, several machine learning models—logistic regression, random forest, naive Bayes, support vector machine, and gated recurrent unit (GRU)—were trained and 10-fold cross-validated by using the testing data. Results: Most drivers with ADB reported deficient sleep quality (≤80%), with significantly higher mean scores on the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale and driver behavior questionnaire subcategory of lapses and errors than drivers without ADB. Next, HRV indices significantly differed between the measurement of a pre-ADB event and a baseline. The accuracy of the GRU models ranged from 78.84% ± 1.49% to 89.57% ± 1.31%. Conclusion: Drivers with ADB tend to have inadequate sleep quality, which may increase their fatigue levels and impair driving performance. The established time-series models can be considered for ADB occurrence prediction among urban bus drivers.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 0361-1981 , 2169-4052
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03611981221123802
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 2403378-9
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  • 9
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    Screening the risk of obstructive sleep apnea by utilizing supervised learning techniques based on anthropometric features and snoring events
    SAGE Publications ; 2023
    In:  DIGITAL HEALTH Vol. 9 ( 2023-01), p. 205520762311527-
    Details
    In: DIGITAL HEALTH, SAGE Publications, Vol. 9 ( 2023-01), p. 205520762311527-
    Kurzfassung: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is typically diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG). However, PSG is time-consuming and has some clinical limitations. This study thus aimed to establish machine learning models to screen for the risk of having moderate-to-severe and severe OSA based on easily acquired features. Methods We collected PSG data on 3529 patients from Taiwan and further derived the number of snoring events. Their baseline characteristics and anthropometric measures were obtained, and correlations among the collected variables were investigated. Next, six common supervised machine learning techniques were utilized, including random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), k-nearest neighbor (kNN), support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR), and naïve Bayes (NB). First, data were independently separated into a training and validation dataset (80%) and a test dataset (20%). The approach with the highest accuracy in the training and validation phase was employed to classify the test dataset. Next, feature importance was investigated by calculating the Shapley value of every factor, which represented the impact on OSA risk screening. Results The RF produced the highest accuracy (of 〉 70%) in the training and validation phase in screening for both OSA severities. Hence, we employed the RF to classify the test dataset, and results showed a 79.32% accuracy for moderate-to-severe OSA and 74.37% accuracy for severe OSA. Snoring events and the visceral fat level were the most and second most essential features of screening for OSA risk. Conclusions The established model can be considered for screening for the risk of having moderate-to-severe or severe OSA.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 2055-2076 , 2055-2076
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/20552076231152751
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2023
    ZDB Id: 2819396-9
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  • 10
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    The experiences of adolescents with osteosarcoma during the one-year of treatment in Taiwan
    SAGE Publications ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Child Health Care Vol. 20, No. 4 ( 2016-12), p. 473-482
    Details
    In: Journal of Child Health Care, SAGE Publications, Vol. 20, No. 4 ( 2016-12), p. 473-482
    Kurzfassung: Osteosarcoma (OS) typically occurs during puberty. The one-year treatment for OS can be very challenging. However, little empirical research has explored the experiences of adolescents with OS. This research explored the experiences of Taiwanese adolescents with OS, utilizing a qualitative inductive content analysis with in-depth interviews and field notes that captured interviewer observations. In total, 20 participants—aged between 10 and 19 years and being treated for OS—were recruited. Ten categories were extracted: disbelief, hope for recovery and maintaining body integrity, experience with physical symptoms, inappropriate sleep hygiene, experience of psychosocial distress, use of spirituality to recover from misfortune, information acquisition, preparation to return to school, interdependence, and dedication to hope of recovery. This is the first empirical qualitative study to explore the experiences of Taiwanese adolescents with OS during treatment since being diagnosed. Close surveillance of the compliance in rehabilitation and physical function is needed. Providing age-appropriate and culture-oriented support systems would be helpful for addressing their psychosocial difficulties. Social networking sites closely moderated by health professionals may be a feasible way enhancing psychosocial well-being. Conducting a descriptive exploratory qualitative study for further development of psychosocial supportive care interventions is recommended.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    ISSN: 1367-4935 , 1741-2889
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1367493515616203
    Sprache: Englisch
    Verlag: SAGE Publications
    Publikationsdatum: 2016
    ZDB Id: 2084013-5
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