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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Phenotype or Virtual Phenotype for Choosing Antiretroviral Therapy after Failure: A Prospective, Randomized Study
    SAGE Publications ; 2003
    In:  Antiviral Therapy Vol. 8, No. 6 ( 2003-08), p. 577-584
    Details
    In: Antiviral Therapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 8, No. 6 ( 2003-08), p. 577-584
    Abstract: Resistance testing is useful in the management of virological failure patients, although the best method to be used in clinical practice has not been determined. Methods A prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicentre, controlled clinical trial was performed to compare the usefulness of drug resistance testing with a recombinant viral phenotype method or with a virtual phenotype, a genotyping interpretation system. Planned 300 HIV-infected adults failing their current antiretroviral therapy (HIV RNA 〉 1000 copies/ml) were centrally randomized 1:1 to resistance testing with a recombinant viral phenotype method or with a virtual phenotype, after stratifying according to previous drug exposure (one or two versus three drug classes). Percent of patients with HIV RNA suppression (% 〈 400 copies/ml) after 24 weeks was the primary outcome variable. Median HIV RNA concentration and change from baseline in HIV RNA concentration were also used to compare effectiveness. An extended analysis was performed at week 48. Results Of the 300 patients enrolled, a total of 276 patients could be analysed; 139 patients were randomized to the phenotype group and 137 patients were randomized to the virtual phenotype group. After 24 weeks of follow-up, 46.8 and 56.2% of patients had HIV RNA 〈 400 copies/ml ( P=0.1) in the phenotype and virtual phenotype, respectively. Mean decrease from baseline in viral load was 1.0 and 1.3 log copies/ml in the phenotype and virtual phenotype groups, respectively ( P=0.017). In a multivariate linear regression analysis, after adjusting for baseline HIV RNA and adherence to treatment, the virtual phenotype was associated with a greater mean decrease in plasma HIV RNA ( P=0.0063). The results observed at week 48 were similar. Conclusions Virtual phenotype is at least as effective as phenotype when used to select an optimized treatment for patients who have failed one or more antiretroviral regimens.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1359-6535 , 2040-2058
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/135965350300800604
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2118396-X
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
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    Effect of COVID-19 on Injury Incidence and Severity in Professional Female Football Players: A Cohort Prospective Study
    SAGE Publications ; 2024
    In:  Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach
    Details
    In: Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Earlier statements suggested a negative impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection on sports performance and injury risk. With the COVID-19 pandemic under control and the dominance of a less-severe strain of the virus, there is a need to confirm whether these adverse effects still apply to the current situation. Hypothesis: Infected players would have a higher noncontact muscle injury incidence compared with noninfected counterparts. Study Design: Cohort observational study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Seven teams (n = 147 players) competing in the Spanish professional women’s football league (Liga F) were prospectively monitored during the 2021-2022 season. Data from noncontact injuries were recorded and classified following the latest consensus statement from the International Olympic Committee. COVID-19 was certified by the medical staff by regular polymerase chain reaction analysis. Results: Ninety-two players suffered at least 1 noncontact muscle injury during the season. Injury incidence during the season was similar in players with COVID-19 (n = 83) and players without infection (5.1 ± 6.7 versus 4.9 ± 10.0 injuries/1000 h of play, respectively; P = 0.90). Players with COVID-19 were not more likely to suffer noncontact injuries compared with those players without infection ( R 2 = 0.02; odds ratio [OR] 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.36-1.38; P = 0.31). There was no effect of COVID-19 on the days of absence due to injury ( R 2 = 0.01; OR 95% CI = 1.00-1.01; P = 0.44) or in the classification of the severity of the injury ( P = 0.79). Conclusion: COVID-19 has no significant effect on noncontact injury incidence and severity in professional female football players. Clinical Relevance: Currently, COVID-19 infection does not alter noncontact muscle injury risk in professional football and requires no further attention in terms of injury management. Usual return-to-play protocols apply to COVID-19 considering the particularities of each player since the severity of infection, period of inactivity, and effects on the player’s health and performance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1941-7381 , 1941-0921
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/19417381241262031
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2474978-3
    SSG: 31
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  • 3
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    Sensitivity of cycling Motion Performance Indicators (MPIs) to incremented load and their relationship with performance in professional cyclists
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: There is a lack of research assessing Motion Performance Indicators (MPIs), which have been recently made commercially available. Therefore, this study explored: (1) the influence of incremented exercise on MPIs and; (2) the relationships between MPIs and cycling performance at different intensities during a graded exercise test (GXT) in professional cyclists. Thirty-six professional cyclists performed GXT until exhaustion with their own bikes attached to a cycle ergometer. MPIs were collected using a real-time motion capture system based on inertial measurement units at 100 Hz of sample rate. Data were extracted from intensities of the GXT when lactate thresholds (LT1, LT2) and peak power (POpeak) were determined. Results showed that only Pelvic Angle ( p  〈  0.01, d  〉  1.15) and Pelvic Rotation ( p  〈  0.01, d  〉  1.37) were sensitive to increases in exercise intensity (i.e. greater inclination and increased rotation at greater power). Multivariate liner regression analyses showed that a reduced range of movement (ROM) for the upper legs at sub-maximum intensities (LT1 and LT2) was associated with greater power production ( r 2   〉  0.21), whilst a reduced ROM for the right foot was associated with greater POpeak ( r 2  = 0.20). In conclusion, changes in movement patterns were limited to a greater inclination and rotation of the pelvis at maximum power without changes in other MPIs throughout the GXT. Cyclists who produced greater power presented less ROM for their upper legs at LT1 and LT2 whilst at POpeak and greater power production was moderately associated with less ROM for the right foot. Coaches may be able to use MPI to analyze for excess ROM, particularly at higher exercise intensities, as this seems to increase inefficiencies and limit power production.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1754-3371 , 1754-338X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/17543371211062061
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2433576-9
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  • 4
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    A Case of Apophysitis of the Proximal Patella
    SAGE Publications ; 2000
    In:  The American Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 28, No. 4 ( 2000-07), p. 583-585
    Details
    In: The American Journal of Sports Medicine, SAGE Publications, Vol. 28, No. 4 ( 2000-07), p. 583-585
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0363-5465 , 1552-3365
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/03635465000280042501
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2063945-4
    SSG: 31
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  • 5
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    Tracking of periodic oscillations in an underactuated system via adaptive neural networks
    SAGE Publications ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control Vol. 37, No. 1 ( 2018-03), p. 128-143
    Details
    In: Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control, SAGE Publications, Vol. 37, No. 1 ( 2018-03), p. 128-143
    Abstract: In this paper, the tracking control of periodic oscillations in an underactuated mechanical system is discussed. The proposed scheme is derived from the feedback linearization control technique and adaptive neural networks are used to estimate the unknown dynamics and to compensate uncertainties. The proposed neural network-based controller is applied to the Furuta pendulum, which is a nonlinear and nonminimum phase underactuated mechanical system with two degrees of freedom. The new neural network-based controller is experimentally compared with respect to its model-based version. Results indicated that the proposed neural algorithm performs better than the model-based controller, showing that the real-time adaptation of the neural network weights successfully estimates the unknown dynamics and compensates uncertainties in the experimental platform.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1461-3484 , 2048-4046
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/1461348417752988
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2025887-2
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  • 6
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    Integrating CHWs as Part of the Team Leading Diabetes Group Visits: A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Study
    SAGE Publications ; 2017
    In:  The Diabetes Educator Vol. 43, No. 6 ( 2017-12), p. 589-599
    Details
    In: The Diabetes Educator, SAGE Publications, Vol. 43, No. 6 ( 2017-12), p. 589-599
    Abstract: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of integrating Community Health Workers (CHWs) as part of the team leading diabetes group visits. Methods This was a randomized controlled study that integrated CHWs as part of the team leading diabetes group visits for low-income Hispanic adults (n = 50). Group visits met for 3 hours each month for a 6-month duration. Main measures included baseline and 6-month clinical outcomes (ie, A1C, lipids), concordance with 8 standard of care guidelines (ie, screens for cervical, breast, and colon cancer) from the US Preventive Task Force and American Diabetes Association, and participant acceptability. Results Compared to control participants, the intervention group resulted in significantly better clinical outcomes or guideline concordance for the following areas: target A1C levels, retinal eye exams, diabetes foot exams, mammograms, and urine microalbumin. Significantly more individuals in the control group gained weight, whereas a greater number of participants in the intervention group lost weight. Intervention participants found the group visits highly acceptable. Conclusions Integrating CHWs as part a comprehensive diabetes group visit program is a feasible and effective system-level intervention to improve glycemic control and achieve guideline concordance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0145-7217 , 1554-6063
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0145721717737742
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3062380-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2173745-9
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Stability Analysis of a Voltage-Based Controller for Robot Manipulators
    SAGE Publications ; 2013
    In:  International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2013-01-01), p. 20-
    Details
    In: International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, SAGE Publications, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2013-01-01), p. 20-
    Abstract: A voltage-based control scheme for robot manipulators has been presented in recent literature, where feedback linearization is applied in the electrical equations of the DC motors in order to cancel the electrical current terms. However, in this paper we show that this control technique generates a system of the form Ex = Ax + Bu, where E is a singular matrix, that is to say, a generalized state-space system or singular system. This paper introduces a formal stability analysis of the respective system by considering the state-space equation as a singular system. Furthermore, in order to avoid the singularity of the closed-loop system, modified voltage-based control schemes are proposed, whose Lyapunov stability analyses conclude semiglobal asymptotic stability for the set-point control case and uniform boundedness of the solutions and semiglobal convergence of the position, as well as velocity errors for the tracking control case. The proposed control systems are simulated for the tracking and set-point cases using the CICESE Pelican robot driven by DC motors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1729-8814 , 1729-8814
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5772/53894
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2202393-8
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Incidence of deep venous thrombosis in COVID-19 hospitalized patients during the first peak of the Italian outbreak
    SAGE Publications ; 2021
    In:  Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease Vol. 36, No. 5 ( 2021-06), p. 375-383
    Details
    In: Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease, SAGE Publications, Vol. 36, No. 5 ( 2021-06), p. 375-383
    Abstract: A high rate of thrombotic events has been reported in COVID-19 population. The study aims to assess the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in COVID-19 patients admitted to a single tertiary hospital. Methods From April 2nd to April 18th, 2020, hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were screened by lower limb duplex ultrasound (DUS). Patients were on (low molecular weight heparin) LMWH prophylaxis in medical wards, and on therapeutic anticoagulation in intensive care unit (ICU). DVT risk factors, reported by the Padua prediction score and blood tests, were retrieved from institutional electronic charts. The study primary endpoint was the incidence of DVT in the in-hospital COVID-19 population and its association with clinical and laboratory risk factors. The secondary endpoint was the association of DVT with mortality. Results Two hundred patients (median age 62 years, 72% male, 40 in ICU) received DUS screening. DVT was observed in 29 patients (14.5%), with proximal extension in 16 patients, and in association with symptoms in four patients. The DVT rate was similar in ICU (12.5%) and non-ICU patients (15%). Eighty-seven patients underwent a computed tomography angiography (CTA) that showed pulmonary embolism in 35 patients (40.2%) not associated with DVT in 25/35 cases (71.4%). DVT in the ten patients with pulmonary embolism were symptomatic in four and with a proximal localization in eight cases. A D-dimer level ≥5 mg/l at admission was predictive of DVT (OR 1.02; IC95% 1.03-1.16; p  = .003). At the multivariate analysis in-hospital mortality was predicted by age (OR 1.06; 95% CI 0.02-1.15; p  = .004) and by being an ICU patient (OR 1.23; 95% CI 0.30-2.25; p  = .01). Conclusions Despite LMWH prophylaxis or full anticoagulant therapy, the incidence of DVT, mainly asymptomatic, in hospitalized COVID-19 patients was 14.5%. Further research should focus on the appropriate antithrombotic therapy for COVID-19 patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0268-3555 , 1758-1125
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/0268355520975592
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1463018-7
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  • 9
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    Open Heart Surgery in Public and Private Practice
    SAGE Publications ; 1999
    In:  Journal of Health Services Research & Policy Vol. 4, No. 2 ( 1999-04), p. 73-78
    Details
    In: Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 4, No. 2 ( 1999-04), p. 73-78
    Abstract: To compare open heart surgery services provided by public and private hospitals in Catalonia (Spain) according to case mix, procedures undergone and surgical mortality. Methods: Data on all adult patients undergoing open heart surgery procedures were collected prospectively in a sample of public and privately owned centres for a 6.5-month period in 1994. Sociodemographic, clinical and procedural variables were collected. A predictive model stratifying patients according to their surgical mortality risk was used to adjust for differences in case mix between providers. Results: Included were 1287 open heart surgery procedures. Public and private patients differed significantly in terms of gender, clinical history (e.g. hypertension, pulmonary disease, recent infarction) and procedural variables (e.g. reoperation, type of intervention). There were also statistically significant differences related to educational level, with better educated patients more likely to be treated in private centres. Crude surgical mortality rates differed between providers, although public centres operated on higher-risk patients. After adjusting for differences in case mix, the association between the type of provider and surgical mortality was not statistically significant (odds ratio 1.68; 95% CI from 0.94 to 3.0). Conclusions: Although crude mortality rates differ between public and private providers, there is a significant trend towards higher surgical risk in public centres. After adjusting for surgical risk, differences between types of provider decreased and were no longer statistically significant. The importance of other social and health-related factors, such as educational level, may explain differences between providers in their patients' surgical risk and in their performance in open heart surgery.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-8196 , 1758-1060
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1177/135581969900400204
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039416-0
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  • 10
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    False-positive results from colorectal cancer screening in Catalonia (Spain), 2000–2010
    SAGE Publications ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Medical Screening Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2012-06), p. 77-82
    Details
    In: Journal of Medical Screening, SAGE Publications, Vol. 19, No. 2 ( 2012-06), p. 77-82
    Abstract: To identify factors associated with a false-positive result in a population-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programme with the faecal occult blood test (FOBT) in Catalonia between 2000 and 2010. Methods The study population consisted of participants of the Catalan CRC screening programme with a positive FOBT who underwent a colonoscopy for diagnostic confirmation from 2000 to 2010. A false-positive result was defined as having a positive test but detecting no high-risk adenoma or cancer in the follow-up colonoscopy. Multivariate logistic regression models were performed to identify sociodemographic and screening variables related to false-positive results. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Results Over the screening period, 1074 (1.7%) of the 63,332 screening tests had a positive result in the Catalan CRC screening programme. The false-positive proportion was 55.2% (n = 546). Women were more likely to have a positive FOBT in the absence of CRC neoplasia than men (adjusted OR = 2.91; 95% CI: 2.22–3.28). During the first prevalence round, the proportion of false-positive results was higher than in subsequent rounds (69.5% vs. 48.9%; P 〈 0.05). Re-screening and having a bleeding pathology such as haemorrhoids or anal fissures were also associated with a false-positive result. Conclusion The proportion of false-positive results and the associated risks should be estimated to provide an eligible population with more reliable information on the adverse effects of screening.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0969-1413 , 1475-5793
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1258/jms.2012.012013
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2058901-3
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