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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Physics with e+e− linear colliders
    Elsevier BV ; 1998
    In:  Physics Reports Vol. 299, No. 1 ( 1998-6), p. 1-78
    Details
    In: Physics Reports, Elsevier BV, Vol. 299, No. 1 ( 1998-6), p. 1-78
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0370-1573
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0370-1573(97)00086-0
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 120601-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466624-8
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trans-Pacific transport of reactive nitrogen and ozone to Canada during spring
    Copernicus GmbH ; 2010
    In:  Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol. 10, No. 17 ( 2010-09-07), p. 8353-8372
    Details
    In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 10, No. 17 ( 2010-09-07), p. 8353-8372
    Abstract: Abstract. We interpret observations from the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment, Phase B (INTEX-B) in spring 2006 using a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to evaluate sensitivities of the free troposphere above the North Pacific Ocean and North America to Asian anthropogenic emissions. We develop a method to use satellite observations of tropospheric NO2 columns to provide timely estimates of trends in NOx emissions. NOx emissions increased by 33% for China and 29% for East Asia from 2003 to 2006. We examine measurements from three aircraft platforms from the INTEX-B campaign, including a Canadian Cessna taking vertical profiles of ozone near Whistler Peak. The contribution to the mean simulated ozone profiles over Whistler below 5.5 km is at least 7.2 ppbv for Asian anthropogenic emissions and at least 3.5 ppbv for global lightning NOx emissions. Tropospheric ozone columns from OMI exhibit a broad Asian outflow plume across the Pacific, which is reproduced by simulation. Mean modelled sensitivities of Pacific (30° N–60° N) tropospheric ozone columns are at least 4.6 DU for Asian anthropogenic emissions and at least 3.3 DU for lightning, as determined by simulations excluding either source. Enhancements of ozone over Canada from Asian anthropogenic emissions reflect a combination of trans-Pacific transport of ozone produced over Asia, and ozone produced in the eastern Pacific through decomposition of peroxyacetyl nitrates (PANs). A sensitivity study decoupling PANs globally from the model's chemical mechanism establishes that PANs increase ozone production by removing NOx from regions of low ozone production efficiency (OPE) and injecting it into regions with higher OPE, resulting in a global increase in ozone production by 2% in spring 2006. PANs contribute up to 4 ppbv to surface springtime ozone concentrations in western Canada. Ozone production due to PAN transport is greatest in the eastern Pacific; commonly occurring transport patterns advect this ozone northeastward into Canada. Transport events observed by the aircraft confirm that polluted airmasses were advected in this way.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1680-7324
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5194/acp-10-8353-2010
    Language: English
    Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2092549-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2069847-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nocturnal cleansing flows in a tributary valley
    Elsevier BV ; 1997
    In:  Atmospheric Environment Vol. 31, No. 14 ( 1997-7), p. 2147-2162
    Details
    In: Atmospheric Environment, Elsevier BV, Vol. 31, No. 14 ( 1997-7), p. 2147-2162
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1352-2310
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S1352-2310(96)00359-7
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1997
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 216368-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1499889-0
    SSG: 14
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An Evaluation of Integrating Techniques for Measuring Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide
    Informa UK Limited ; 1994
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry Vol. 54, No. 3 ( 1994-01), p. 167-181
    Details
    In: International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 54, No. 3 ( 1994-01), p. 167-181
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0306-7319 , 1029-0397
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/03067319408034087
    RVK:
    AR 10100
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2038320-4
    SSG: 13
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Winter cloud water and air composition in central Ontario
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1988
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 93, No. D4 ( 1988-04-20), p. 3760-3772
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 93, No. D4 ( 1988-04-20), p. 3760-3772
    Abstract: Time histories of surface air composition and cloud water composition in winter in Central Ontario are compared in order to establish a winter data set for this region, and to identify dominant processes responsible for the incorporation of sulfate, nitrate, and acidity into cloud water. Cloud water comparisons are restricted to low‐level collections (median altitude 625 m above ground) within the boundary layer. Surface level measurements during the 6‐week period show a variety of conditions, including several episodes of elevated concentrations of SO 2 , NO 3 − , HNO 3 , aerosol SO 4 = , and occasionally aerosol NO 3 − . Nitric acid comprised the majority of soluble acidity at ground level more than half the time, and was relatively more important during the periods of elevated SO 4 = and NO 3 − concentrations. Examination of cloud water composition indicated that HNO 3 was also the dominant contributor to cloud water acidity on the majority of days sampled. Comparisons of air and cloud water absolute concentrations and concentration ratios suggest that aqueous SO 2 oxidation was of minor importance in determining cloud composition. The conclusion is supported by measurements of hydrogen peroxide in cloud water samples. Cloud water NO 3 − /SO 4 = ratios were found to exceed (HNO 3 + aerosol NO 3 − )/SO 4 = ratios in air at the surface in most cases, and in a few instances cloud water NO 3 − concentrations were higher than expected based on the surface air composition data; several possible causes for this observation are discussed. It is concluded that in this region in winter, the composition of low‐level clouds can be estimated to within a factor of 2 by measurements of air composition at the surface, and that dissolution of soluble aerosol and gaseous species is primarily responsible for cloud composition. In‐cloud SO 2 oxidation is found to be of minor significance, but the data may indicate in‐cloud production of HNO 3 in some cases.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JD093iD04p03760
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1988
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chemical and microphysical studies of nonprecipitating summer cloud in Ontario, Canada
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1986
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 91, No. D11 ( 1986-10-20), p. 11821-11831
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 91, No. D11 ( 1986-10-20), p. 11821-11831
    Abstract: During the fall of 1981 and the summer of 1982, airborne and ground‐level field studies were conducted in southern and central Ontario to investigate the processes leading to cloud water acidification. Aircraft measurements were made of aerosol particles, cloud droplets, and cloud liquid water content. Cloud water samples were collected in nonprecipitating cumulus and stratocumulus clouds and analyzed for the concentrations of SO 4 = , NO 3 − , Cl − , Na + , NH 4 + , Ca ++ , Mg ++ , and H + . Aerosol composition was studied at a rural location on the ground. The ground‐level aerosol composition was compared with the cloud water composition. Observations of the vertical variation of the aerosol particle size distribution were used to justify this procedure, but it was also assumed that the relative fraction of submicron aerosol SO 4 = did not vary between the ground and cloud base during individual flights. In this way the cloud water SO 4 = was explained by the nucleation of water droplets on sulphate aerosol particles in at least nine of 11 cases studied. In several of the cases the concentration of NO 3 − measured in cloud water samples was much higher than could be accounted for by the measurement of below‐cloud aerosol NO 3 − plus gaseous HNO 3 . Similarly, concentrations of Ca ++ found in the cloud water far exceeded concentrations measured in the aerosol.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JD091iD11p11821
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1986
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Measurements of C 2 ‐C 7 hydrocarbons during the Polar Sunrise Experiment 1994: Further evidence for halogen chemistry in the troposphere
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1998
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 103, No. D11 ( 1998-06-20), p. 13169-13180
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 103, No. D11 ( 1998-06-20), p. 13169-13180
    Abstract: Air samples for nonmethane hydrocarbon (NMHC) analysis were collected at two ground‐based sites: Alert, Northwest Territories (82.5°N, 62.3°W) and Narwhal ice camp, an ice floe 140 km northwest of Alert, from Julian days 90 to 117, 1994, and on a 2‐day aerial survey conducted on Julian days 89 and 90, 1994 over the Arctic archipelago. Several ozone depletion events and concurrent decreases in hydrocarbon concentrations relative to their background levels were observed at Alert and Narwhal ice camp. At Narwhal, a long period (≥7 days) of ozone depletion was observed during which a clear decay of alkane concentration occurred. A kinetic analysis led to a calculated Cl atom concentration of 4.5×10 3 cm −3 during this period. Several low‐ozone periods concurrent with NMHC concentration decreases were observed over a widespread region of the Arctic region (82°–85°N, and 51°–65°W). Hydrocarbon measurements during the aerial survey indicated that the low concentrations of these species occurred only in the boundary layer. In all ozone depletion periods, concentration changes of alkanes and toluene were consistent with Cl atom reactions. The changes in ethyne concentration from its background level were in excess of those expected from Cl atom kinetics alone and are attributed to additional Br atom reactions. A box modeling exercise suggested that the Cl and particularly Br atom concentrations required to explain the hydrocarbon behavior are also sufficient to destroy ozone.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/98JD00284
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trans-Pacific transport of Saharan dust to western North America: A case study
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2007
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 112, No. D1 ( 2007-01-10)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 112, No. D1 ( 2007-01-10)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2006JD007129
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Chemistry and physics of a winter stratus cloud layer: A case study
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1987
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 92, No. D7 ( 1987-07-20), p. 8426-8436
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 92, No. D7 ( 1987-07-20), p. 8426-8436
    Abstract: The chemical and physical properties of a supercooled stratus cloud layer and surrounding clear air covering southern Ontario on February 20, 1984, were studied with the objectives of identifying the processes responsible for the cloud water chemical composition. The cloud layer, which extended from circa 650 to 1050 m mean sea level, was bounded by a strong temperature inversion just at cloud top. The air below this inversion was well mixed vertically, as indicated by the near independence of concentrations of various trace gas species with altitude and by conservation of number concentration of particles from the surface to cloud top, with below‐cloud aerosol number concentrations (0.2 〈 d 〈 3 μm) approximately equal to the sum of the interstitial aerosol and cloud droplet (2 〈 d 〈 30 μm) number concentrations. Fractional incorporation of aerosol sulfate into cloud water, determined by comparison of interstitial and cloud water sulfate concentrations, was in the range of 85–90%, similar to the result inferred from comparison of interstitial aerosol and cloud droplet number concentrations. Gas phase equivalent concentrations of cloud water species were the same (within experimental error) as the concentrations of aerosol and soluble trace gas species in the below‐cloud air. These results suggest that the dominant processes determining cloud water composition in this cloud layer were nucleation scavenging of sulfate aerosol and scavenging of gaseous HNO 3 , with no significant contribution from reactive scavenging processes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/JD092iD07p08426
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1987
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    In vitro activity of gepotidacin against urine isolates of Escherichia coli from outpatient departments in Germany
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Vol. 78, No. 2 ( 2023-02-01), p. 418-422
    Details
    In: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 78, No. 2 ( 2023-02-01), p. 418-422
    Abstract: Escherichia coli is the leading pathogen of community-acquired urinary tract infections. Gepotidacin is a novel, bactericidal, first-in-class triazaacenaphthylene oral antibiotic that inhibits bacterial DNA replication by a distinct mechanism of action that confers activity against most strains of target pathogens, such as E. coli, Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, including those resistant to other antibiotics. Objectives This study assessed the in vitro activity of gepotidacin in comparison with ciprofloxacin and other oral standard-of-care antibiotics using a large collection of urine isolates of E. coli obtained from outpatients in Germany. Methods Four hundred and sixty E. coli collected from 23 laboratories during a surveillance study in 2019/2020 were tested. Forty-six isolates (10.0%) produced an ESBL of the CTX-M family, half of which belonged to MDR clonal subgroups of E. coli ST131. Antibiotic susceptibilities were tested at a reference laboratory by broth microdilution according to the standard ISO 20776-1. Results Fifty-three (11.5%) isolates were ciprofloxacin resistant, 25 (47.2%) of which also produced an ESBL. Overall, MIC50/90 values for gepotidacin were 2/4 mg/L (MIC range 0.125–16 mg/L), with no differences in activity between ciprofloxacin-susceptible and ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates, ESBL-producing and non-ESBL isolates, O25b-ST131 isolates, and isolates susceptible or resistant to fosfomycin, mecillinam or nitrofurantoin. Conclusions Gepotidacin showed promising in vitro activity against urine isolates of E. coli, including ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates, ESBL-producing isolates and isolates resistant to oral standard-of-care antibiotics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0305-7453 , 1460-2091
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac406
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467478-6
    SSG: 15,3
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