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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ecology under lake ice
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Ecology Letters Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 98-111
    Details
    In: Ecology Letters, Wiley, Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 98-111
    Abstract: Winter conditions are rapidly changing in temperate ecosystems, particularly for those that experience periods of snow and ice cover. Relatively little is known of winter ecology in these systems, due to a historical research focus on summer ‘growing seasons’. We executed the first global quantitative synthesis on under‐ice lake ecology, including 36 abiotic and biotic variables from 42 research groups and 101 lakes, examining seasonal differences and connections as well as how seasonal differences vary with geophysical factors. Plankton were more abundant under ice than expected; mean winter values were 43.2% of summer values for chlorophyll a , 15.8% of summer phytoplankton biovolume and 25.3% of summer zooplankton density. Dissolved nitrogen concentrations were typically higher during winter, and these differences were exaggerated in smaller lakes. Lake size also influenced winter‐summer patterns for dissolved organic carbon ( DOC ), with higher winter DOC in smaller lakes. At coarse levels of taxonomic aggregation, phytoplankton and zooplankton community composition showed few systematic differences between seasons, although literature suggests that seasonal differences are frequently lake‐specific, species‐specific, or occur at the level of functional group. Within the subset of lakes that had longer time series, winter influenced the subsequent summer for some nutrient variables and zooplankton biomass.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1461-023X , 1461-0248
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ele.2017.20.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1111/ele.12699
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020195-3
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Benthic algal communities: recovery from experimental acidificationThis paper is part of the series “Forty Years of Aquatic Research at the Experimental Lakes Area”.
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2009
    In:  Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol. 66, No. 11 ( 2009-11), p. 1875-1891
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 66, No. 11 ( 2009-11), p. 1875-1891
    Abstract: Chemical recovery is hypothesized to promote rapid recovery of benthic algal communities in formerly acidified lakes; this expectation needs modification. We evaluated the hypothesis in a small lake (L302S) in the boreal forest of northwestern Ontario, Canada, during a decade of pH recovery following a prior decade of experimental acidification from pH 6.7 to 4.5. To account for regional changes during the study, we also studied a nearby reference lake (L239). Taxonomic changes in the epilithon (biofilm on rock surfaces) included persistently lower cyanobacterial biomass following its acidification-related decline and increases in both diatoms and greens. Epilithic metabolic recovery was incomplete because the acidification-induced increase in respiration continued, although the prior decline in photosynthesis was reversed. Unexpectedly, blooms of metaphytic filamentous green algae occurred at higher pH during recovery than during acidification. Although several community attributes recovered fully, recovery of many aggregate functional and taxonomic properties lagged improvements in pH. Divergence was greater at the taxonomic than at the functional level. Despite pH recovery, potential causes of incomplete algal recovery include incomplete chemical recovery and the persistent absence of functionally important biota. Our findings counter the assumption that ecological recovery mirrors the pathway of damage caused by a human stressor.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0706-652X , 1205-7533
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/F09-126
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7966-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473089-3
    SSG: 21,3
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Our failure to protect the stream and its valley: A call to back off from riparian development
    University of Chicago Press ; 2022
    In:  Freshwater Science Vol. 41, No. 2 ( 2022-06-01), p. 183-194
    Details
    In: Freshwater Science, University of Chicago Press, Vol. 41, No. 2 ( 2022-06-01), p. 183-194
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2161-9549 , 2161-9565
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1086/719958
    Language: English
    Publisher: University of Chicago Press
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2651496-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Widespread nitrous oxide undersaturation in farm waterbodies creates an unexpected greenhouse gas sink
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2019
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 116, No. 20 ( 2019-05-14), p. 9814-9819
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, No. 20 ( 2019-05-14), p. 9814-9819
    Abstract: Nitrogen pollution and global eutrophication are predicted to increase nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from freshwater ecosystems. Surface waters within agricultural landscapes experience the full impact of these pressures and can contribute substantially to total landscape N 2 O emissions. However, N 2 O measurements to date have focused on flowing waters. Small artificial waterbodies remain greatly understudied in the context of agricultural N 2 O emissions. This study provides a regional analysis of N 2 O measurements in small ( 〈 0.01 km 2 ) artificial reservoirs, of which an estimated 16 million exist globally. We show that 67% of reservoirs were N 2 O sinks (−12 to −2 μmol N 2 O⋅m −2 ⋅d −1 ) in Canada’s largest agricultural area, despite their highly eutrophic status [99 ± 289 µg⋅L −1 chlorophyll-a (Chl- a )]. Generalized additive models indicated that in situ N 2 O concentrations were strongly and nonlinearly related to stratification strength and dissolved inorganic nitrogen content, with the lowest N 2 O levels under conditions of strong water column stability and high algal biomass. Predicted fluxes from previously published models based on lakes, reservoirs, and agricultural waters overestimated measured fluxes on average by 7- to 33-fold, challenging the widely held view that eutrophic N-enriched waters are sources of N 2 O.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820389116
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Small Reservoirs as a Beneficial Management Practice for Nitrogen Removal
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Environmental Quality Vol. 46, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 96-104
    Details
    In: Journal of Environmental Quality, Wiley, Vol. 46, No. 1 ( 2017-01), p. 96-104
    Abstract: There are few beneficial management practices (BMPs) with demonstrated efficacy in snowmelt‐dominated regions. Small reservoirs are a BMP that can help mitigate flooding and reduce sediment transport, while reducing export of dissolved nutrients. To understand controls on nitrate removal and assess how this ecosystem service can be optimized, denitrification activity was measured in reservoirs and stream pools of the Tobacco Creek Model Watershed (Manitoba, Canada) via the chloramphenicol‐amended acetylene block technique. Denitrification activity was positively correlated with nitrate and sediment organic carbon (SOC), and negatively correlated with sediment particle size and pH. Reservoirs exhibited higher denitrification activity than stream pools and were associated with higher levels of SOC, higher nitrate in early summer, and lower concentrations of dissolved oxygen. Nitrate was added to a set of samples to test for nitrate saturation, an indicator of poor ecological status, where nitrate concentrations exceed the denitrification capacity of microbes. Forty‐nine percent of measurements demonstrated nitrate saturation, indicative of the need for additional remediation activity. Findings from this research suggest this BMP has higher capacity for nitrogen removal than stream pools because of higher denitrification rates and a higher apparent threshold for nitrate saturation, coupled with increased residence times. Results also inform the construction of additional reservoirs, which have been identified as a priority BMP in this region. Siting reservoirs in areas where conditions contribute to buildup of fine sediments and planting riparian vegetation to foster high organic C availability may help optimize denitrification, although tradeoffs in terms of other ecosystem services must be considered. Core Ideas Headwater reservoirs are effective at removing nitrate. Reservoirs outperform stream pools in terms of denitrification efficiency. This appears to be driven by higher sediment carbon and lower oxygen in reservoirs. Denitrification is frequently nitrate‐saturated. Understanding controls on denitrification can inform BMP design.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0047-2425 , 1537-2537
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2134/jeq2016.07.0252
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 120525-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2050469-X
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Improvement of field fluorometry estimates of chlorophyll a concentration in a cyanobacteria‐rich eutrophic lake
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography: Methods Vol. 20, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 193-209
    Details
    In: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, Wiley, Vol. 20, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 193-209
    Abstract: Instrumented buoys are used to monitor water quality, yet there remains a need to evaluate whether in vivo fluorometric measures of chlorophyll a (Chl a ) produce accurate estimates of phytoplankton abundance. Here, 6 years (2014–2019) of in vitro measurements of Chl a by spectrophotometry were compared with coeval estimates from buoy‐based fluorescence measurements in eutrophic Buffalo Pound Lake, Saskatchewan, Canada. Analysis revealed that fluorometric and in vitro estimates of Chl a differed both in terms of absolute concentration and patterns of relative change through time. Three models were developed to improve agreement between metrics of Chl a concentration, including two based on Chl a and phycocyanin (PC) fluorescence and one based on multiple linear regressions with measured environmental conditions. All models were examined in terms of two performance metrics; accuracy (lowest error) and reliability (% fit within confidence intervals). The model based on PC fluorescence was most accurate (error = 35%), whereas that using environmental factors was most reliable (89% within 3 σ of mean). Models were also evaluated on their ability to produce spatial maps of Chl a using remotely sensed imagery. Here, newly developed models significantly improved system performance with a 30% decrease in Chl a errors and a twofold increase in the range of reconstructed Chl a values. Superiority of the PC model likely reflected high cyanobacterial abundance, as well as the excitation–emission wavelength configuration of fluorometers. Our findings suggest that a PC fluorometer, used alone or in combination with environmental measurements, performs better than a single‐excitation‐band Chl a fluorometer in estimating Chl a content in highly eutrophic waters.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1541-5856 , 1541-5856
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/lom3.v20.4
    DOI: 10.1002/lom3.10480
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2161715-6
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  • 7
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    Internal phosphorus loading in Canadian fresh waters: a critical review and data analysis
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2017
    In:  Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol. 74, No. 12 ( 2017-12), p. 2005-2029
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 74, No. 12 ( 2017-12), p. 2005-2029
    Abstract: Many physical, chemical, and biological processes in freshwater ecosystems mobilize the nutrient phosphorus (P) from sediments, which in turn may contribute to the formation of harmful algal blooms. Here, we critically reviewed internal P loading in Canadian fresh waters to understand the geographic patterns and environmental drivers of this important process. From 43 publications, we consolidated 618 estimates of internal P loading from Canadian freshwater ponds, lakes, reservoirs, and coastal wetlands (n = 70). Expressed in terms of total P, short-term gross rates in sediment samples (L gross ) ranged from −27 to 54 mg·m −2 ·day −1 (n = 461), while long-term net rates in whole ecosystems (L net ) ranged from −1694 to 10 640 mg·m −2 ·year −1 (n = 157). The main environmental drivers of this variation were oxygen, pH, geology, and trophic state. Internal P loading tended to be higher during the open-water season and most prominent in small prairie lakes. Priorities for future research on internal P loading should include resolving methodological problems, assessing the relative importance of different mechanisms, examining the influence of anthropogenic activities, and quantifying rates in understudied ecosystems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0706-652X , 1205-7533
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/cjfas-2016-0500
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7966-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473089-3
    SSG: 21,3
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Comparative Analysis of Empirical and Machine Learning Models for Chl a Extraction Using Sentinel-2 and Landsat OLI Data: Opportunities, Limitations, and Challenges
    Informa UK Limited ; 2023
    In:  Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing Vol. 49, No. 1 ( 2023-01-02)
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 49, No. 1 ( 2023-01-02)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0703-8992 , 1712-7971
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/07038992.2023.2215333
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2191814-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Table1.DOCX
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2024
    In:  Frontiers in Environmental Science Vol. 12 ( 2024-3-15)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Environmental Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 12 ( 2024-3-15)
    Abstract: Drainage leads to trade-offs between crop production efficiency and wetland conservation, with complex impacts on ecosystem services. In North America’s Prairie Pothole Region, wetland drainage is widespread, often to increase the available land for cultivation, prevent crop loss due to flooding, and manage soil salinity. Wetlands are known for providing key ecosystem services such as improved water quality, flood mitigation, and carbon storage. There is limited research on how changes to soil hydrology and soil redistribution through wetland drainage can impact soil carbon storage and persistence in this region. This research evaluates factors that contribute to soil carbon storage in drained prairie pothole wetland based on 33 drained wetlands in Saskatchewan, Canada. These analyses showed regional differences in the response of soil carbon storage to drainage that are driven by environmental factors such as annual precipitation, temperature, and wetland permanence. We observed increasing soil carbon storage from the Dark Brown to Black soil zones, as well as with longer wetland pond permanence. The sampling depth used for calculating soil carbon storage was especially important when comparing geographically across the soil zones as the Black soil zone had greater soil carbon stored at depth. Soil carbon was also intensively monitored over 2 years following installation of surface drainage across a wetland complex (8 drained wetlands) where water was partially directed to a consolidation wetland. We further assessed changes in soil carbon dynamics and protection from microbial decomposition based on three soil organic matter fractions, ATR-FTIR for organic matter functional groups, and phospholipid fatty acid analysis to understand the microbial community abundance and structure. After 2 years following drainage, ephemeral wetlands with short pond permanence were found to be most sensitive to drainage and the only wetland class with decreases in soil carbon. The temporary and seasonal wetland classes showed no significant differences in soil carbon content but there were changes in the organic matter with depth due to soil redistribution during drainage implementation. Jointly, this research provides region-specific estimates of soil carbon storage in drained prairie pothole wetlands that can be used to inform wetland soil carbon management in cultivated fields.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-665X
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2024.1353802
    DOI: 10.3389/fenvs.2024.1353802.s001
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2024
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2741535-1
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Controls on greenhouse gas concentrations in polymictic headwater lakes in Ireland
    Elsevier BV ; 2011
    In:  Science of The Total Environment Vol. 410-411 ( 2011-12), p. 217-225
    Details
    In: Science of The Total Environment, Elsevier BV, Vol. 410-411 ( 2011-12), p. 217-225
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0048-9697
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.045
    RVK:
    AR 10100
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498726-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 121506-1
    SSG: 12
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