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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Understanding and breaking the intergenerational cycle of abuse in families enrolled in routine mental health services: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial and two non-interventional trials investigating mechanisms of change within the UBICA II consortium
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2021
    In:  Trials Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Details
    In: Trials, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: Parents’ mental illness (MI) and parental history of early life maltreatment (ELM) are known to be significant risk factors for poor parenting while poor parenting is a crucial mediator of the intergenerational continuity of child maltreatment. Hence, maltreatment prevention programs for families with an MI parent, which pay particular attention to experiences of ELM in the parent, are urgently needed. Parental mentalizing was previously found to mediate successful parenting. Interventions aimed at improving the parental mentalizing capacity reduced maltreatment risk in parents. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effectiveness of a mentalization-based parenting-counseling in acutely mentally ill parents currently treated at a psychiatric hospital. Methods Mentalization-based parenting-counseling (MB-PC) vs. enhanced standard clinical care (SCC+) will be administered in a cluster-randomized-controlled trial (RCT). Patients treated at psychiatric hospitals with children between 1.5 and 15 years will be included in the trial. MB-PC will be administered as a 12-h combined individual and group program enriched by social counseling (over a course of 5 weeks) as add-on to standard clinical care, while the control condition will be standard clinical care plus a 90-min psychoeducation workshop on positive parenting. Primary efficacy endpoint is self-reported parenting practices at follow-up. Embedded within the RCT will be two sub-studies investigating social cognition and dyadic synchrony as biobehavioral mechanisms of change. Discussion The main goal of the present study is to investigate ways to break the intergenerational continuity of maltreatment by assessing the benefits of a prevention program which aims at improving parenting in vulnerable mothers and fathers. MB-PC is a short, low-cost intervention which can be delivered by nurses and social workers and is applicable to MI patients with children with a broad range of diagnoses. If it is shown to be effective, it can be directly implemented into standard psychiatric hospital care thereby providing help to prevent child maltreatment. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00017398 . Registered on 5 July 2019
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1745-6215
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05653-3
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2040523-6
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Differential parametric modulation of self‐relatedness and emotions in different brain regions
    Wiley ; 2009
    In:  Human Brain Mapping Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 2009-02), p. 369-382
    Details
    In: Human Brain Mapping, Wiley, Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 2009-02), p. 369-382
    Abstract: Our sense of self is strongly colored by emotions although at the same time we are well able to distinguish affect and self. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we here tested for the differential effects of self‐relatedness and emotion dimensions (valence, intensity) on parametric modulation of neural activity during perception of emotional stimuli. We observed opposite parametric modulation of self‐relatedness and emotion dimensions in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and the ventral striatum/nucleus accumbens, whereas neural activity in subcortical regions (tectum, right amygdala, hypothalamus) was modulated by self‐relatedness and emotion dimensions in the same direction. In sum, our results demonstrate that self‐relatedness is closely linked to emotion dimensions of valence and intensity in many lower subcortical brain regions involved in basic emotional systems and, at the same time, distinct from them in higher cortical regions that mediate cognitive processes necessary for becoming aware of one's self, for example self‐consciousness. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1065-9471 , 1097-0193
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/hbm.v30:2
    DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20510
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1492703-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Correction to: Loneliness in Elderly Inpatients
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Psychiatric Quarterly Vol. 94, No. 2 ( 2023-06), p. 343-343
    Details
    In: Psychiatric Quarterly, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 94, No. 2 ( 2023-06), p. 343-343
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-2720 , 1573-6709
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s11126-023-10021-2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2018646-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Altered representation of expected value in the orbitofrontal cortex in mania
    Wiley ; 2010
    In:  Human Brain Mapping Vol. 31, No. 7 ( 2010-07), p. 958-969
    Details
    In: Human Brain Mapping, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 7 ( 2010-07), p. 958-969
    Abstract: Objective: Increased responsiveness to appetitive and reduced responsiveness to aversive anticipatory cues may be associated with dysfunction of the brain reward system in mania. Here we studied neural correlates of gain and loss expectation in mania using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Method: Fifteen manic patients and 26 matched healthy control individuals performed a monetary incentive delay task, during which subjects anticipated to win or lose a varying amount of money. Varying both magnitude and valence (win, loss) of anticipatory cues allowed us to isolate the effects of magnitude, valence and expected value (magnitude‐by‐valence interaction). Results: Response times and total gain amount did not differ significantly between groups. FMRI data indicated that the ventral striatum responded according to cued incentive magnitude in both groups, and this effect did not significantly differ between groups. However, a significant group difference was observed for expected value representation in the left lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC; BA 11 and 47). In this region, patients showed increasing BOLD responses during expectation of increasing gain and decreasing responses during expectation of increasing loss, while healthy subjects tended to show the inverse effect. In seven patients retested after remission OFC responses adapted to the response pattern of healthy controls. Conclusions: The observed alterations are consistent with a state‐related affective processing bias during the expectation of gains and losses which may contribute to clinical features of mania, such as the enhanced motivation for seeking rewards and the underestimation of risks and potential punishments. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1065-9471 , 1097-0193
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/hbm.v31:7
    DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20909
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1492703-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Increased child‐evoked activation in the precuneus during facial affect recognition in mothers
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Human Brain Mapping Vol. 43, No. 9 ( 2022-06-15), p. 2911-2922
    Details
    In: Human Brain Mapping, Wiley, Vol. 43, No. 9 ( 2022-06-15), p. 2911-2922
    Abstract: Successful parenting requires constant inferring of affective states. Especially vital is the correct identification of facial affect. Previous studies have shown that infant faces are processed preferentially compared to adult faces both on the behavioural and the neural level. This study specifically investigates the child‐evoked neural responses to affective faces and their modulation by motherhood and attention to affect. To do so, we used a paradigm to measure neural responses during both explicit and implicit facial affect recognition (FAR) in mothers and non‐mothers using child and adult faces. Increased activation to child compared to adult faces was found for mothers and non‐mothers in face processing areas (bilateral fusiform gyri) and areas associated with social understanding (bilateral insulae and medial superior frontal gyrus) when pooling implicit and explicit affect recognition. Furthermore, this child‐evoked activation was modulated by motherhood with an increase in mothers compared to non‐mothers in the left precuneus. Additionally, explicitly recognising the affect increased child‐evoked activation in the medial superior frontal gyrus in both mothers and non‐mothers. These results suggest preferential treatment of affective child over adult faces, modulated by motherhood and attention to affect.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1065-9471 , 1097-0193
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/hbm.v43.9
    DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25825
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1492703-2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Metacognition Assessment Scale ( MAS ‐A): Results of a pilot study applying a German translation to individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice Vol. 90, No. 3 ( 2017-09), p. 401-418
    Details
    In: Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, Wiley, Vol. 90, No. 3 ( 2017-09), p. 401-418
    Abstract: Metacognition, the capacity ‘to think about thinking’ and thus to reflect and to master interpersonal problems on a mentalistic basis, is often impaired among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and has been suggested as a potential treatment target. However, little is known about the reliability of its measurement and links with related phenomena. The aim of this study was to validate a German translation of the Metacognition Assessment Scale ( MAS ‐A) as a measure to assess metacognition from free narratives of patients’ personally relevant episodes and relationships. Design and Methods MAS ‐A was applied to narratives of 22 individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders together with self‐ratings and behavioural tests of metacognitive and related functions such as mentalizing and emotional awareness. Multi‐level modelling allowed to calculate inter‐rater reliability ( IRR ) and inter‐rater agreement ( IRA ) and to include test results as level‐2 predictors of the aggregated scorings on the MAS ‐A subscales in order to explore convergent validity. After considering neurocognition and symptom scores as further predictors, aggregated scorings were correlated with psychosocial functioning. Results There were high IRR s and IRA s all over the ratings. None of the related measures accounted for variance in MAS ‐A scorings, indicating the existence of separable, non‐overlapping constructs. Verbal memory and positive symptoms were significant predictors for MAS ‐A subscales. MAS ‐A, but no other measure, displayed significant associations with psychosocial functioning. Conclusions MAS ‐A is a reliable expert rating to assess metacognition from patients’ free narratives. Considering the link to psychosocial functioning, MAS ‐A appears to be a promising tool for the evaluation of metacognition. Practitioner points MAS‐A is a reliable tool to evaluate metacognitive function from narratives about emotionally relevant topics and meaningful relationships. Metacognition appears separate from neighbouring constructs such as mentalizing, ToM, or emotional awareness. MAS‐A scales are significantly predicted by verbal memory and positive symptoms. Only MAS‐A scales display significant associations with psychosocial functioning, and it thus is a promising tool to evaluate metacognition in psychotherapy research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1476-0835 , 2044-8341
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/papt.2017.90.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/papt.12122
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2078933-6
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Preventing, reducing, and attenuating restraint: A prospective controlled trial of the implementation of peer support in acute psychiatry
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2023
    In:  Frontiers in Psychiatry Vol. 14 ( 2023-2-7)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Psychiatry, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 14 ( 2023-2-7)
    Abstract: The use of restraint as a means of managing patients is considered a critical factor that interferes with recovery. Strategies to create a less restrictive environment within psychiatric facilities are therefore eagerly sought. Peer support workers (PSWs) are increasingly employed in mental health settings. The prevailing theory is that PSWs have the potential to contribute to conflict and restraint prevention efforts in acute psychiatric wards. However, to date, research in support of this claim remains limited. Objective The present study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of employing peer support workers with regard to reducing the use of restraint. Methods This prospective controlled pre–post study sought to evaluate the implementation of peer support in one locked ward compared to treatment as usual (TAU) with no implementation of peer support in a second locked ward of a psychiatry department in Berlin, Germany. The pre–post comparison was planned to consist of two assessment periods of 3 months each, taking place directly before and after peer support implementation or TAU. Both assessments were extended to a period of 6 months, before and after the initially planned 12-month implementation process, in order to balance the effects of disruptions and of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using routine data, the proportion, frequency, and duration of mechanical restraint, forced medication as well as mechanical restraint in combination with forced medication, were evaluated. Results In the control group, an increase in the proportion of patients subjected to measures of restraint was found between pre- and post-assessment, which was accompanied by a further increase in the mean number of events of restraint per patient within this group. In the intervention group, no significant change in the application of restraint was observed during the study period. Discussion There is some indication that peer support may be protective with regard to restraint in acute wards. However, our study faced major challenges during the implementation process and the post-assessment period, such as COVID-19 and staff reorganization. This may have led to peer support not reaching its full potential. The relationship between the implementation of peer support and the use of restraint therefore merits further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-0640
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1089484
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564218-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Can “Model Projects of Need-Adapted Care” Reduce Involuntary Hospital Treatment and the Use of Coercive Measures?
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2018
    In:  Frontiers in Psychiatry Vol. 9 ( 2018-5-1)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Psychiatry, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2018-5-1)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1664-0640
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00168
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2564218-2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Affect Recognition, Theory of Mind, and Empathy in Preschool Children with Externalizing Behavior Problems—A Group Comparison and Developmental Psychological Consideration
    MDPI AG ; 2023
    In:  Children Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2023-08-26), p. 1455-
    Details
    In: Children, MDPI AG, Vol. 10, No. 9 ( 2023-08-26), p. 1455-
    Abstract: Preschool mental disorders are often associated with significant interpersonal problems, related to impaired affect recognition, theory of mind (ToM), and empathy. To date, these skills have not been studied together in preschoolers with externalizing behavior problems (EBPs). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether and to what extent preschool children with EBPs show impairments in affect recognition, ToM, and empathy. Preschoolers with EBPs, defined by current psychiatric treatment and T-scores ≥ 60 on the externalizing problem scale of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/1½-5 or 6-18R) were compared to non-clinical controls (HCs), defined by no past and no current psychiatric treatment and T-scores 〈 60 on all CBCL broad-band scales. Groups were compared on affect recognition (NEuroPSYchological Assessment-II), affective ToM (Test of Emotion Comprehension), cognitive ToM (Extended Theory-of-Mind Scale), parent-reported emotional contagion, attention to others’ feelings, and prosocial action (Empathy Questionnaire), IQ and language (Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-III Matrices, Active and Passive Vocabulary test), controlling for age, sex, and language abilities. Compared to 28 HCs, 22 preschoolers with EBPs (total sample meanage = 5.5 years +/− 0.8 years, range= 4.2–6.9 years, males 66%) had significantly greater impairments in cognitive ToM (p = 0.0012, η2 = 0.266), attention to others’ feelings (p = 0.0049, η2 = 0.222), and prosocial action (p = 0.0070, η2 = 0.210), each representing strong effect sizes. EBPs were significantly related to cognitive domains, like prosocial action (r = −0.501), cognitive ToM (r = −0.425), and attention to others’ feelings (r = −0.332), but not to affective domains of social cognition. Social cognitive development may be impaired as early as preschool age and should be promoted before the child starts school.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2227-9067
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/children10091455
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2732685-8
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improving early recognition and intervention in people at increased risk for the development of bipolar disorder: study protocol of a prospective-longitudinal, naturalistic cohort study (Early-BipoLife)
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  International Journal of Bipolar Disorders Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Details
    In: International Journal of Bipolar Disorders, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: Bipolar disorders (BD) belong to the most severe mental disorders, characterized by an early onset and recurrent, severe episodes or a chronic course with poor psychosocial functioning in a proportion of patients. Many patients with BD experience substantial symptomatology months or even years before full BD manifestation. Adequate diagnosis and treatment is often delayed, which is associated with a worse outcome. This study aims to prospectively evaluate and improve early recognition and intervention strategies for persons at-risk for BD. Methods Early-BipoLife is a prospective-longitudinal cohort study of 1419 participants (aged 15–35 years) with at least five waves of assessment over a period of at least 2 years (baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months). A research consortium of ten university and teaching hospitals across Germany conducts this study. The following risk groups (RGs) were recruited: RG I: help-seeking youth and young adults consulting early recognition centres/facilities presenting ≥ 1 of the proposed risk factors for BD, RG II: in-/outpatients with unipolar depressive syndrome, and RG III: in-/outpatients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The reference cohort was selected from the German representative IMAGEN cohort. Over the study period, the natural course of risk and resilience factors, early symptoms of BD and changes of symptom severity (including conversion to manifest BD) are observed. Psychometric properties of recently developed, structured instruments on potential risk factors for conversion to BD and subsyndromal symptomatology (Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Scale, Bipolar at-risk criteria, EPI bipolar ) and biomarkers that potentially improve prediction are investigated. Moreover, actual treatment recommendations are monitored in the participating specialized services and compared to recently postulated clinical categorization and treatment guidance in the field of early BD. Discussion Findings from this study will contribute to an improved knowledge about the natural course of BD, from the onset of first noticeable symptoms (precursors) to fully developed BD, and about mechanisms of conversion from subthreshold to manifest BD. Moreover, these generated data will provide information for the development of evidence-based guidelines for early-targeted detection and preventive intervention for people at risk for BD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2194-7511
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s40345-020-00183-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2732954-9
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