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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CSIRO Publishing ; 1976
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 1976), p. 173-
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 3, No. 2 ( 1976), p. 173-
    Abstract: Seeds from L. angustifolius grown at three levels of applied sulphur contain similar amounts of protein whereas the ratio of total nitrogen to total sulphur in the whole seed and in the extracted protein is greatly increased under sulphur deficiency. This large change in nitrogen to sulphur ratio is accompanied by suppression of the synthesis of conglutins α and γ which usually contain most of the sulphur-containing amino acids found in these seeds. This is balanced by synthesis of an increased amount of conglutin β which normally contains no methionine and a lower proportion of cystine. Studies of the protein subunit composition show that the overall molecular weight distribution of the polypeptides is independent of the level of sulphur, but under sulphur deficiency the higher molecular weight subunits do not contain the disulphide linkages normally present. It is not known whether these higher-molecular-weight conglutin β subunits are normally absent or present only in trace amounts in the seeds.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 1976
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CSIRO Publishing ; 1975
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 1975), p. 13-
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 1975), p. 13-
    Abstract: The three globulins of the seeds of L. angustifolius cv. Uniwhite may be satisfactorily resolved in 10 min by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate strips. These globulins, conglutins α, β and γ, vary markedly in their amino acid compositions, with conglutin Ω differing from conglutins α and β and most other legume storage proteins in its relatively high content of cystine and methionine and lower content of arginine and glutamic acid. When examined on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gels, both in the absence and presence of β-mercaptoethanol, the three globulins were found to differ completely in the type of subunit proteins they contain and in the significance of intrachain disulphide bonding. Conglutin α was found to contain three or four types of non-covalently linked subunits with apparent molecular weights in the range 55 000-80 000, each of which may contain a disulphide-bonded moiety with a molecular weight near 20 000. Conglutin γ was found to contain disulphide-bonded chains of molecular weights 17 000 and 30 000, whereas the four major subunits of conglutin β, whose molecular weights lie in the range 20 000-60 000, were not covalently linked together. The latter globulin does not appear to be homogeneous, for it can be separated by fractional precipitation with ammonium sulphate into a series of fractions which differ markedly in the proportion of subunit types they contain.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 1975
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CSIRO Publishing ; 1984
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 1984), p. 69-
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 1984), p. 69-
    Abstract: The isolation, characterization and amino acid composition are reported for macrozin, the major storage globulin found in seeds of Macrozamia communis. Electrophoresis of macrozin on cellulose acetate membranes at neutral pH resulted in a single broad band indicating limited charge heterogeneity. Isoelectric focusing under dissociating and reducing conditions showed this globulin to be composed of a family of polypeptide chains with apparent isoelectric points in the range pH 6.0-7.5. Sedimentation equilibrium studies showed that the main component purified by gel filtration in aqueous buffers at neutral pH has a molecular weight of 260 000 and a sedimentation coefficient S020.w = 10.9 S. This component dissociates in 8 M urea to yield subunits of molecular weight 126 000. Each subunit is composed of disulfide-bonded polypeptide chains of approximate molecular weight 44 000. The apparent molecular weights for the macrozin subunit and its constituent polypeptides were 130 000 and 46 000 from dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis. The dimeric nature of the main oligomer in aqueous solution was confirmed by crosslinking the subunits with dithiobis(succinimidylpropionate); the presence of three polypeptide chains per subunit is inferred from the molecular weights. Optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism measurements suggest that macrozin is devoid of α-helix in its native conformation, but contains some 25% α-helix after incubation with sodium dodecyl sulfate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 1984
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CSIRO Publishing ; 1973
    In:  Australian Journal of Chemistry Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 1973), p. 225-
    In: Australian Journal of Chemistry, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 26, No. 1 ( 1973), p. 225-
    Abstract: The relevant thermodynamic parameters for the dimerization of copper(II) phthalocyanine-4,4?,4?,4??-tetrasulphonic acid ion have been measured in a variety of aqueous solvents. It has been found that both the enthalpy and entropy of dissociation are increased in the presence of compounds which enhance the structure of water. Conversely, both of these parameters are decreased by structure-breaking compounds. The results are discussed in terms of the bonding forces responsible for dimerization.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-9425
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 1973
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CSIRO Publishing ; 1980
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 1980), p. 1-
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 7, No. 1 ( 1980), p. 1-
    Abstract: Physicochemical studies are reported for conglutin �, the minor globulin isolated from seeds of L. angustifolius cv. Uniwhite. Isoelectric focusing of the native protein in polyacrylamide gel slabs resolved major and minor broad bands near pH 8.0 and 7.8 respectively. Following reduction of disulfide bonds with β-mercaptoethanol in 8 M urea, the smaller polypeptide chain of known sequence focused near pH 6.9 while the larger chain focused near pH 8.0. Sedimentation equilibrium studies showed that the major component in aqueous buffers at neutral pH is a hexamer of molecular weight 280 000 which dissociates to the monomer of molecular weight 47 000 at pH 4.8. The sequence molecular weight of the small subunit polypeptide is 16 517 [Elleman, T.C. (1977). Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 30, 33-45]. The molecular weights determined for the larger chain by sedimentation equilibrium or column chromatography in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride, and by dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, were in the range 28 000-30 000. Optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism measurements have been used to establish the approximate proportions of α-helix (15%), β-structure (35%), β-turns (18%) and unordered regions (32%) in the native protein. The denaturation curve for guanidine hydrochloride and the proportions of α-helix (50%), β-turns (18%) and unordered regions (32%) in 80 % trifluoroethanol have been determined.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 1980
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CSIRO Publishing ; 1975
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 1975), p. 29-
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 1975), p. 29-
    Abstract: The seeds of 12 species of lupin were examined and were found to contain two major globulins, conglutins α and β, while some contained a third minor globulin, conglutin �. There were considerable differences between species in the electrophoretic mobility and proportions of conglutins α and β, and in their subunit composition in terms of the number of components, their molecular weights and the importance of disulphide bonding between them. However, the electrophoretic behaviour and subunit composition of conglutins α and β did appear to be species-specific. Conglutin γ, on the other hand, did not seem to vary in molecular size or electrophoretic mobility within this genus. The 18 cultivars of Lupinus angustifolius examined appeared to be more closely related in terms of the number and size of subunits, although variations were apparent in the relative proportion of these subunits, especially with wild types. It is suggested that this variability in the protein structure of lupin globulins may provide evidence that substantial changes can be induced by genetic selection in the composition of these proteins without upsetting their structure-function relations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 1975
    SSG: 12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CSIRO Publishing ; 1978
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1978), p. 357-
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1978), p. 357-
    Abstract: The amino acid composition of winged bean seed meal is similar to that of soybean but their storage globulins are quite different. Winged bean proteins are soluble to the extent of 60% at the pH of a meal-water slurry (pH 6.6), 80% at pH 11 but only 12% at pH 5. However, the proteins are soluble to the extent of 80% from pH 5 to 9 in 10% NaCl rising to 90% at pH 11. There are no satisfactory ways of recovering all the proteins from solution by simple changes in pH or ionic strength. Winged bean seed contains major proteins with sedimentation coefficients of 2 S and 6 S. Electrophoresis on cellulose acetate resolves three globulin fractions which we have named psophocarpins A, B, and C. The proteins from these electrophoretic regions have been isolated and partially purified. Psophocarpin A is essentially a single protein comparatively rich in sulfur-containing amino acids while the other fractions are composed of a number of related components which have not been separated. When examined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the globulin fractions differed in the kind of subunit proteins they contain and in the extent of disulfide bonding. The 40 000 mol. wt subunit of psophocarpin A contains disulfide bonded chains of mol. wt 16 000 and 24 000. The proteins corresponding to the other electrophoretic regions are more complex.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 1978
    SSG: 12
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CSIRO Publishing ; 1978
    In:  Functional Plant Biology Vol. 5, No. 5 ( 1978), p. 641-
    In: Functional Plant Biology, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 5, No. 5 ( 1978), p. 641-
    Abstract: The protein level in seeds of six species of lupin, grown either under sulfur deficiency or with adequate sulfur fertilization, is marginally affected by sulfur supply. However, the ratio of total sulfur to total nitrogen in the seed is greatly decreased under sulfur deficiency. This large change in sulfur-to-nitrogen ratio is accompanied by suppression of the synthesis of conglutins α and γ, which contain a significant amount of cyst(e)ine and methionine. The level of protein is maintained by increased synthesis of conglutin β, which normally contains no methionine and a low proportion of cyst(e)ine. These changes in the proportions of the proteins are reflected in the amino acid analyses for the globulin extracts. The changes in protein subunit composition which accompany the differences in the proportions of the proteins have been studied using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results emphasize the differences in subunit composition between lupin species in terms of the number of components, their molecular weights and the importance of disulfide bonding. Two-dimensional electrophoresis, using cellulose acetate and SDS-polyacrylamide gradient gels, has been used to compare the subunit composition of the individual globulins for Lupinus angustifolius and L. elegans at both sulfur levels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1445-4408
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 1978
    SSG: 12
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CSIRO Publishing ; 1973
    In:  Australian Journal of Chemistry Vol. 26, No. 7 ( 1973), p. 1545-
    In: Australian Journal of Chemistry, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 26, No. 7 ( 1973), p. 1545-
    Abstract: The effect of urea and thiourea on the aggregation of copper phthalocyanine-4,4?,4?,4??-tetrasulphonic acid in aqueous solution has been studied using the capillary diffusion technique. The addition of excess inert electrolyte was necessary in order that the measurements were not complicated by facilitated diffusion. The extent of aggre- gation has been estimated empirically from the dependence of the diffusion coefficient on molecular weight. The significance of both the changes in diffusion coefficient and the dissociation of the dye, in relation to dyeing behaviour, is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-9425
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 1973
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CSIRO Publishing ; 1973
    In:  Australian Journal of Chemistry Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 1973), p. 319-
    In: Australian Journal of Chemistry, CSIRO Publishing, Vol. 26, No. 2 ( 1973), p. 319-
    Abstract: The reversible addition of molecular oxygen to the tetrasodium salt of cobalt phthalocyanine-4,4?,4?,4??-tetrasulphonic acid in aqueous solution has been confirmed. Visible absorption spectra of the monomeric and dimeric species and of the oxygen adduct have been determined. A monomer-dimer system prevails at neutral pH, low ionic strength, and low dye concentrations. The oxygen adduct and the dimeric form of the dye predominate in alkaline solution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0004-9425
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
    Publication Date: 1973
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