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Kwibuka, Yves ; Nyirakanani, Chantal ; Bizimana, Jean Pierre ; [et al.]

Frontiers Media SA ; 2022

In: Frontiers in Plant Science Vol. 13 ( 2022-7-22)

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In: Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-7-22)

Abstract: Vegetatively propagated crops are particularly prone to disease dissemination through their seed systems. Strict phytosanitary measures are important to limit the impact of diseases as illustrated by the potato seed system in Europe. Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) is a devastating disease caused by two viral species collectively named cassava brown streak viruses (CBSVs). CBSD can cause substantial root yield losses of up to 100% in the worst affected areas and is easily transmitted through stem cuttings. In Eastern and Central Africa, the epidemiology of CBSVs in the local socio-economical context of production remains poorly known while a better understanding would be an asset to properly manage the disease. This lack of information explains partially the limited efficiency of current regulatory schemes in increasing the availability of quality seed to smallholders and mitigating the spread of pests and diseases. This study surveyed the epidemiology of CBSVs in Uvira territory, Eastern D.R. Congo, and its drivers using a multivariate approach combining farmer’s interview, field observation, sampling and molecular detection of CBSVs. Investigation on the epidemiology of CBSD revealed that three clusters in the study area could be identified using five most significant factors: (i) symptoms incidence, (ii) number of whiteflies, (iii) types of foliar symptoms, (iv) cutting’s pathways and (v) plant age. Among the three clusters identified, one proved to be potentially interesting for seed multiplication activities since the disease pressure was the lowest. Through risk assessment, we also identified several key socio-economic determinants on disease epidemy: (i) factors related to farmer’s knowledge and awareness (knowledge of cassava pests and diseases, knowledge of management practices, support from extension services and management strategies applied), (ii) factors related to the geographical location of farmer’s fields (proximity to borders, proximity to town, distance to acquire cuttings), as well as (iii) the pathways used to acquire cuttings.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 1664-462X

URL: Article

DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.803980

DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.803980.s001

Language: Unknown

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Publication Date: 2022

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2687947-5

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2613694-6

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Larval development sites of the main Culicoides species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in northern Europe and distribution of coprophilic species larvae in Belgian pastures

Zimmer, Jean-Yves ; Brostaux, Yves ; Haubruge, Eric ; [et al.]

Elsevier BV ; 2014

In: Veterinary Parasitology Vol. 205, No. 3-4 ( 2014-10), p. 676-686

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In: Veterinary Parasitology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 205, No. 3-4 ( 2014-10), p. 676-686

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0304-4017

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.08.029

Language: English

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Publication Date: 2014

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498947-5

SSG: 12

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The Walloon farmers position differently their ideal dairy production system between a global-based intensive and a local-based extensive model of farm

Dalcq, Anne-Catherine ; Dogot, Thomas ; Beckers, Yves ; [et al.]

Public Library of Science (PLoS) ; 2020

In: PLOS ONE Vol. 15, No. 12 ( 2020-12-3), p. e0223346-

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In: PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 15, No. 12 ( 2020-12-3), p. e0223346-

Abstract: Dairy farming systems are evolving. This study presents dairy producers’ perceptions of their ideal future farm ( IFF ) to ensure revenue, and attempts to determine the reasons for this choice, the environmental aspects related to this choice, the proximity between the current farm and the IFF and the requirements for reaching this IFF. Just before the end of the European milk quota, a total of 245 Walloon dairy producers answered a survey about the characteristics of their IFF and other socio-environmental-economic information. A multiple correspondence analysis ( MCA ) was carried out using seven characteristics of the IFF (intensive vs . extensive, specialised vs . diversified, strongly vs . weakly based on new technologies, managed by a group of managers vs . an independent farmer, employed vs . familial workforce, local vs . global market, standard vs . quality-differentiated production) to observe the relationships between them. Based on the main contributors to the second dimension of the MCA, this axis was defined as an IFF gradient between the local-based extensive ( LBE ) producers (26%) and the global-based intensive ( GBI ) producers (46%). The differences of IFF gradient between modalities of categorical variables were estimated using generalised linear models. Pearson correlations were calculated between the scores on the IFF gradient and quantitative variables. Finally, frequencies of IFF characteristics and the corresponding characteristic for the current situation were calculated to determine the percentages of “unhappy” producers. Some reasons for the choice of IFF by the producers have been highlighted in this study. Environmental initiatives were more valued by LBE than GBI producers. Low similarity was observed between the current farm situation of the respondents and their IFF choice. LBE and GBI producers differed significantly regarding domains of formation (technical and bureaucratic vs . transformation and diversification respectively) and paths of formation (non-market vs . market respectively). Two kinds of farming systems were considered by dairy producers and some socioeconomic and environmental components differed between them.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 1932-6203

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.g001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.g002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.t001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.t002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.t003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.t004

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.t005

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.t006

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.t007

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.t008

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.s001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.s002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.s003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.s004

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.s005

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.s006

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.r001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.r002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.r003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.r004

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.r005

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.r006

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.r007

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223346.r008

Language: English

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Publication Date: 2020

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267670-3

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Table_5.docx

Nyirakanani, Chantal ; Bizimana, Jean Pierre ; Kwibuka, Yves ; [et al.]

Frontiers Media SA ; 2021

In: Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems Vol. 5 ( 2021-12-3)

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In: Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 5 ( 2021-12-3)

Abstract: Cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a vital crop in Rwanda where it ranks as the third most consumed staple. However, cassava productivity remains below its yield potential due to several constraints, including important viral diseases, such as cassava brown streak disease (CBSD). Because various factors can be addressed to mitigate the impact of viral diseases, it is essential to identify routes of virus contamination in the cassava agrosystems from the seed system to farmer's practices and knowledge. The present study aimed at (1) assessing the current cassava seed system and farmers' practices and their knowledge of the biotic constraints to cassava production, (2) determining the status of CBSD as well as critical factors associated with its spread through the seed system channels, and (3) determining factors that influence cassava productivity in Rwanda. A cross-sectional study was carried out from May to September 2019 in 13 districts of Rwanda. A total of 130 farmers and cassava fields were visited, and the incidence and severity of CBSD were evaluated. CBSD was detected in all cassava-producing districts. The highest field incidence of CBSD was recorded in the Nyanza district (62%; 95% CI = 56–67%) followed by the Bugesera district (60%; 95% CI = 54–65%), which recorded the highest severity score of 3.0 ± 0.6. RT-PCR revealed the presence of CBSD at the rate of 35.3%. Ugandan cassava brown streak virus was predominant (21.5%) although cassava brown streak virus was 4% and mixed infection was 10%. An informal cassava seed system was dominant among individual farmers, whereas most cooperatives used quality seeds. Cassava production was found to be significantly influenced by the use of fertilizer, size of the land, farming system, cassava viral disease, and type of cassava varieties grown ( p & lt; 0.001). Disease management measures were practiced by a half of participants only. Factors found to be significantly associated with CBSD infection ( p & lt; 0.05) were the source of cuttings, proximity to borders, age of cassava, and knowledge of CBSD transmission and management.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2571-581X

URL: Article

DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.699655

DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.699655.s001

DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.699655.s002

DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.699655.s003

DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.699655.s004

DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.699655.s005

DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.699655.s006

DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.699655.s007

DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.699655.s008

DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.699655.s009

Language: Unknown

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Publication Date: 2021

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2928540-9

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Guidelines for improving statistical analyses of validation datasets for plant pest diagnostic tests

Massart, Sebastien ; Lebas, Benedicte ; Chabirand, Aude ; [et al.]

Wiley ; 2022

In: EPPO Bulletin Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2022-08), p. 419-433

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In: EPPO Bulletin, Wiley, Vol. 52, No. 2 ( 2022-08), p. 419-433

Abstract: Должный статистический анализ валидационных данных для диагностических тестов облегчает оценку критериев эффективности и повышает доверие к выводам, сделанным на основе этих данных. Описан комплексный подход к анализу и представлению данных валидационных исследований и межлабораторных сравнений, таких как исследования эффективности тестов. Предлагаемые методы, включая статистический анализ, представление и интерпретацию данных, проиллюстрированы реальным набором данных, полученных в ходе исследования эффективности испытаний, проведенного в рамках европейского проекта VALITEST. Этот аналитический подход использует, где это возможно и когда применимо, статистические анализы, рекомендованные международными стандартами, иллюстрируюя их применимость в диагностических тестах для защиты здоровья растений. Данная работа адресована специалистам по диагностике защиты растений и исследователям, заинтересованным и/или участвующим в валидации тестов для диагностики в защите растений, а также призвана донести необходимую информацию до тех, кто не имеет статистического образования. Подробные статистические пояснения приведены в приложениях.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0250-8052 , 1365-2338

URL: Issue

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1111/epp.v52.2

DOI: 10.1111/epp.12862

Language: English

Publisher: Wiley

Publication Date: 2022

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033181-2

SSG: 12

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Do spermathecal morphology and inter-mating interval influence paternity in the polyandrous beetle Tribolium castaneum?

Arnaud, Ludovic ; Bernasconi, Giorgina ; Brostaux, Yves ; [et al.]

Brill ; 2006

In: Behaviour Vol. 143, No. 5 ( 2006), p. 643-658

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In: Behaviour, Brill, Vol. 143, No. 5 ( 2006), p. 643-658

Abstract: In polyandrous insects, postcopulatory sexual selection is a pervasive evolutionary force favouring male and female traits that allow control of offspring paternity. Males may influence paternity through adaptations for sperm competition, and females through adaptations facilitating cryptic female choice. Yet, the mechanisms are often complex, involving behaviour, physiology or morphology, and they are difficult to identify. In red flour beetles (Tribolium castaneum), paternity varies widely, and evidence suggests that both male and female traits influence the outcome of sperm competition. To test the role of spermathecal morphology and of sperm storage processes on the outcome of sperm competition, we mated each of 26 virgin females with two males, one of which carrying a phenotypic marker to assign offspring paternity. We manipulated the interval between mating with the first and the second male, to create different conditions of sperm storage (overlapping and non-overlapping) in the female reproductive tract. To investigate the role of sperm storage more closely, we examined the relationship between paternity and spermathecal morphology in a subset of 14 experimental females. In addition, we also characterized variation in spermathecal morphology in three different strains, wildtype, Chicago black and Reindeer. No significant influence of the intermating interval was found on the paternity of the focal male, although the direction of the difference was in the expected direction of higher last male paternity for longer intervals. Moreover, paternity was not significantly associated with spermathecal morphology, although spermathecal volume, complexity, and tubule width varied significantly and substantially among individuals in all investigated strains.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0005-7959 , 1568-539X

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1163/156853906776759538

RVK:

WA 15000

Language: Unknown

Publisher: Brill

Publication Date: 2006

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2007939-4

SSG: 12

SSG: 5,2

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Population dynamics of the leafhopper Jacobiasca lybica (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) within vineyards and citrus orchards of Morocco

Khfif, Khalid ; Labaioui, Zakaria ; Koledenkova, Kseniia ; [et al.]

Informa UK Limited ; 2023

In: International Journal of Pest Management

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In: International Journal of Pest Management, Informa UK Limited

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0967-0874 , 1366-5863

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1080/09670874.2023.2206372

Language: English

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Publication Date: 2023

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490770-7

SSG: 12

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Modelling the top-height growth and site index of Norway spruce in Southern Belgium

Perin, Jérôme ; Hébert, Jacques ; Brostaux, Yves ; [et al.]

Elsevier BV ; 2013

In: Forest Ecology and Management Vol. 298 ( 2013-6), p. 62-70

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In: Forest Ecology and Management, Elsevier BV, Vol. 298 ( 2013-6), p. 62-70

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0378-1127

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.03.009

Language: English

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Publication Date: 2013

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016648-5

detail.hit.zdb_id: 751138-3

SSG: 23

SSG: 12

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Appropriate Data Quality Checks Improve the Reliability of Values Predicted from Milk Mid-Infrared Spectra

Zhang, Lei ; Li, Chunfang ; Dehareng, Frédéric ; [et al.]

MDPI AG ; 2021

In: Animals Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2021-02-18), p. 533-

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In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 2 ( 2021-02-18), p. 533-

Abstract: The use of abnormal milk mid-infrared (MIR) spectrum strongly affects prediction quality, even if the prediction equations used are accurate. So, this record must be detected after or before the prediction process to avoid erroneous spectral extrapolation or the use of poor-quality spectral data by dairy herd improvement (DHI) organizations. For financial or practical reasons, adapting the quality protocol currently used to improve the accuracy of fat and protein contents is unfeasible. This study proposed three different statistical methods that would be easy to implement by DHI organizations to solve this issue: the deletion of 1% of the extreme high and low predictive values (M1), the deletion of records based on the Global-H (GH) distance (M2), and the deletion of records based on the absolute fat residual value (M3). Additionally, the combinations of these three methods were investigated. A total of 346,818 milk samples were analyzed by MIR spectrometry to predict the contents of fat, protein, and fatty acids. Then, the same traits were also predicted externally using their corresponded standardized MIR spectra. The interest in cleaning procedures was assessed by estimating the root mean square differences (RMSDs) between those internal and external predicted phenotypes. All methods allowed for a decrease in the RMSD, with a gain ranging from 0.32% to 41.39%. Based on the obtained results, the “M1 and M2” combination should be preferred to be more parsimonious in the data loss, as it had the higher ratio of RMSD gain to data loss. This method deleted the records based on the 2% extreme predictions and a GH threshold set at 5. However, to ensure the lowest RMSD, the “M2 or M3” combination, considering a GH threshold of 5 and an absolute fat residual difference set at 0.30 g/dL of milk, was the most relevant. Both combinations involved M2 confirming the high interest of calculating the GH distance for all samples to predict. However, if it is impossible to estimate the GH distance due to a lack of relevant information to compute this statistical parameter, the obtained results recommended the use of M1 combined with M3. The limitation used in M3 must be adapted by the DHI, as this will depend on the spectral data and the equation used. The methodology proposed in this study can be generalized for other MIR-based phenotypes.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2076-2615

URL: Article

DOI: 10.3390/ani11020533

Language: English

Publisher: MDPI AG

Publication Date: 2021

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7

SSG: 23

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Validation of Dairy Cow Bodyweight Prediction Using Traits Easily Recorded by Dairy Herd Improvement Organizations and Its Potential Improvement Using Feature Selection Algorithms

Tedde, Anthony ; Grelet, Clément ; Ho, Phuong ; [et al.]

MDPI AG ; 2021

In: Animals Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2021-04-30), p. 1288-

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In: Animals, MDPI AG, Vol. 11, No. 5 ( 2021-04-30), p. 1288-

Abstract: Knowing the body weight (BW) of a cow at a specific moment or measuring its changes through time is of interest for management purposes. The current work aimed to validate the feasibility of predicting BW using the day in milk, parity, milk yield, and milk mid-infrared (MIR) spectrum from a multiple-country dataset and reduce the number of predictors to limit the risk of over-fitting and potentially improve its accuracy. The BW modeling procedure involved feature selections and herd-independent validation in identifying the most interesting subsets of predictors and then external validation of the models. From 1849 records collected in 9 herds from 360 Holstein cows, the best performing models achieved a root mean square error (RMSE) for the herd-independent validation between 52 ± 2.34 kg to 56 ± 3.16 kg, including from 5 to 62 predictors. Among these models, three performed remarkably well in external validation using an independent dataset (N = 4067), resulting in RMSE ranging from 52 to 56 kg. The results suggest that multiple optimal BW predictive models coexist due to the high correlations between adjacent spectral points.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2076-2615

URL: Article

DOI: 10.3390/ani11051288

Language: English

Publisher: MDPI AG

Publication Date: 2021

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606558-7

SSG: 23

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