In:
Environmental Toxicology, Wiley, Vol. 32, No. 2 ( 2017-02), p. 530-540
Abstract:
It has been proven that carbon nanoparticles or diesel exhaust particles stimulate platelet activation. However, the effect of fine particle matter (PM 2.5 ) on platelet activation remains unknown, which motivates this study. Methods PM 2.5 samples were collected in an urban area of Zhengzhou, China. To study the morphological characteristics and the mass concentrations of trace elements of PM 2.5 samples, a filed‐emission scanning electron microscope, the Image‐J software, and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were used. Washed human platelets or platelet‐rich‐plasma were used to study the effect of PM 2.5 on platelet aggregation, P‐selectin expression, or platelet signaling pathways. The cytotoxicity in platelets exposed to PM 2.5 was evaluated by a lactate dehydrogenase assay kit. In addition, platelet adhesion and spreading were studied on collagen‐coated surfaces in stable conditions. Results The filed‐emission scanning electron microscope scanning showed that PM 2.5 samples varied in shape and size distributions. The mean equivalent spherical diameter of these particles was 1.97 ± 0.04 μm, of which 82.40% were particles with equivalent spherical diameters of less than 2.5 μm. The mass concentration of Ca was higher than that of other elements. The other elements followed the trend of Al 〉 Fe 〉 Zn 〉 Mg 〉 Pb 〉 K 〉 Mn 〉 Cu 〉 Ti 〉 Ba 〉 As 〉 Sr 〉 Sn 〉 Sb 〉 Cd 〉 B 〉 Se 〉 Mo 〉 Ag 〉 Ni 〉 TI 〉 V 〉 Co. Furthermore, pretreatment of PM 2.5 significantly inhibited rather than potentiated collagen‐induced platelet aggregation and P‐selectin expression, whereas it had no significant effect on ADP‐induced platelet aggregation and P‐selectin expression. The lactate dehydrogenase analysis showed trivial cytotoxic effect of PM 2.5 exposure on platelets. Pretreatment of PM 2.5 inhibited platelet adhesion on immobilized collagen‐coated surfaces; however, it almost did not impact the platelet spreading. Immunoblotting analysis indicated that PM 2.5 reduced collagen‐induced phosphorylation of phospholipase C gamma‐2 (PLCγ2) at Tyr759, Akt at Ser473, and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) at Ser9. Conclusions PM 2.5 attenuated collagen‐induced platelet aggregation, α‐granule secretion and adhesion, with the potential mechanism of impairing PLCγ2, Akt, and GSK3β signaling. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 530–540, 2017.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1520-4081
,
1522-7278
Language:
English
Publisher:
Wiley
Publication Date:
2017
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2027534-1
Bookmarklink