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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 1997
    In:  Journal of Mathematical Psychology Vol. 41, No. 1 ( 1997-03), p. 45-55
    In: Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 41, No. 1 ( 1997-03), p. 45-55
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-2496
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 1997
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477252-8
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Psychological Association (APA) ; 1995
    In:  Psychological Review Vol. 102, No. 2 ( 1995), p. 396-408
    In: Psychological Review, American Psychological Association (APA), Vol. 102, No. 2 ( 1995), p. 396-408
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1939-1471 , 0033-295X
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
    Publication Date: 1995
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209907-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066931-8
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1995
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 97, No. 5_Supplement ( 1995-05-01), p. 3362-3362
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 97, No. 5_Supplement ( 1995-05-01), p. 3362-3362
    Abstract: It is often the case that two different acoustic cues can influence perception of both of two adjacent phonemes within a syllable. In such cases, it is of interest to determine whether the cues are evaluated independently; that is, does a listener’s evaluation of one cue influence evaluation of the other cue? Another, related question is whether, as some researchers claim, phoneme decisions are dependent in the sense that, when cued by the same information, the decisions compete for the information. This study modeled data from a two factor, four category experiment in which F1 offset frequency and vowel duration cue both voicing and vowel identity in CVC syllables. A family of multinomial processing tree models [e.g., D. M. Riefer and W. H. Batchelder, Psychol. Rev. 95, 318–339 (1988)], of which the fuzzy logic model of perception for the two factor, four category design is a special case, was developed and tested to explore the independence issues. This modeling approach is highly flexible and allows one to test a wide range of hypotheses regarding speech cue processing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1995
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 1994
    In:  Perception & Psychophysics Vol. 55, No. 5 ( 1994-9), p. 513-525
    In: Perception & Psychophysics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 55, No. 5 ( 1994-9), p. 513-525
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-5117 , 1532-5962
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2480891-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2045204-4
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Speech Language Hearing Association ; 1998
    In:  Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research Vol. 41, No. 4 ( 1998-08), p. 809-818
    In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, American Speech Language Hearing Association, Vol. 41, No. 4 ( 1998-08), p. 809-818
    Abstract: Studies comparing children’s and adults’ labeling of speech stimuli have repeatedly shown that children’s phonological decisions are more strongly related to portions of the signal that involve rapid spectral change (i.e., formant transitions) and less related to other signal components than are adults’ decisions. Such findings have led to a model termed the Developmental Weighting Shift, which suggests that children initially assign particularly strong weight to formant transitions to help delimit individual words in the continuous speech stream but gradually modify these strategies to be more like those of adults as they learn about word-internal structure. The goal of the current study was to test a reasonable alternative: that these apparent age-related differences in perceptual weighting strategies for speech are instead due to age-related differences in auditory sensitivity. To this end, difference limens (DLs) were obtained from children (ages 5 and 7 years) and adults for three types of acoustic properties: dynamic-spectral, static-spectral, and temporal. Two testable hypotheses were offered: Labeling results could reflect either absolute differences in sensitivity between children and adults or relative differences in sensitivity within each group. Empirical support for either hypothesis would indicate that apparent developmental changes in perceptual weighting strategies are actually due to developmental changes in auditory sensitivity to acoustic properties. Results of this study contradicted predictions of both hypotheses, sustaining the suggestion that children’s perceptual weighting strategies for speech-relevant acoustic properties change as they gain experience with a native language.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1092-4388 , 1558-9102
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Speech Language Hearing Association
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2070420-3
    SSG: 5,2
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1998
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 104, No. 3_Supplement ( 1998-09-01), p. 1835-1835
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 104, No. 3_Supplement ( 1998-09-01), p. 1835-1835
    Abstract: Mann and Soli (1991) showed that adults modify their perceptual weighting strategies for the same phonetic decision based on the order of segments within syllables. The authors exmained whether children similarly modify their perceptual weighting strategies. Fricative-vowel (FV) and vowel-fricative (VF) syllables were constructed with synthetic fricative nosies varying from /∫/ to /s/, and natural /ɑ/ and /u/ portions with transitions appropriate for a preceding or a following /∫/ or /s/. Spectrograms revealed that the acoustic information about fricative identity provided by the vocalic portion was impoverished for VF compared to FV syllables. These stimuli were played in their original order to adults and children (ages 7 and 5) in experiment 1, and in reverse order in experiment 2. Results for adults and, to a lesser extent, for 7-year-olds replicated earlier results showing that the perceptual weights assigned to acoustic properties within the vocalic portion differ depending on segmental order. In contrast, results for 5-year-olds suggested that these listeners applied the same strategies during fricative labeling, regardless of segmental order. Thus the flexibility to modify perceptual weighting strategies for speech according to segmental order apparently emerges with experience.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1996
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 99, No. 4_Supplement ( 1996-04-01), p. 2590-2603
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 99, No. 4_Supplement ( 1996-04-01), p. 2590-2603
    Abstract: The goal of this work was to determine whether acoustic cues to the phonetic features of a segment are processed independently. For stop–vowel (CV) syllables, one point of controversy concerns whether place information (as conveyed by formant transitions) and voicing information (as conveyed by VOT) are processed mutually independently. In this experiment, a replication of Massaro and Oden [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 67, 996–1013 (1980)], F2 and F3 transitions and VOT were manipulated as place and voicing cues in CVs. Members of a family of multinomial models, including FLMP, were fitted to each subject’s data. FLMP, which assumes that processing is independent at both the perceptual and decisional levels, failed to account for the data. Two other models retained the perceptual independence assumption, but one assumed the voicing decision was contingent on the outcome of the place decision, and the other assumed the opposite contingency. Both fitted better than FLMP, but nevertheless were rejected on statistical grounds. A model assuming decisional independence, but perceptual dependence, fitted each subject’s data well. It was concluded that the formant transitions and VOT were not perceived independently, but that the voicing and place decisions were made independently. [Work supported by NIDCD (2-T32-DC-00013-16).]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1996
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1996
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 100, No. 4_Supplement ( 1996-10-01), p. 2726-2726
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 100, No. 4_Supplement ( 1996-10-01), p. 2726-2726
    Abstract: Previous ‘‘say/stay’’ perception studies using synthetic stimuli posited F1-onset frequency and gap duration as the relevant cues. Children needed shorter gaps than adults to respond ‘‘stay’’ when F1 onset weakly indicated ‘‘stay,’’ suggesting that children weight that formant transition more. Replicating these experiments with natural speech produced unexpected findings. Acoustic analysis of natural ‘‘say’’ and ‘‘stay’’ tokens showed that: (1) F1 onset did not vary for ‘‘say’’ and ‘‘stay;’’ (2) F2/F3 onsets did vary; and (3) a burst was present in ‘‘stay.’’ Perceptual stimuli, therefore, consisted of natural, burstless vocalic portions from ‘‘say’’ and ‘‘stay,’’ and these same portions with a burst added. Each portion was combined with a natural ‘‘s’’ noise at seven gap durations. The burst effect was stronger for adults than children, and F2/F3 onset had an effect only for burstless stimuli. A second experiment was designed to examine the effects of F2/F3 in burstless stimuli, but adults failed to hear any stimuli as ‘‘stay.’’ Children had no trouble. It is concluded that: (1) F1 onset is not a cue to ‘‘say/stay;’’ (2) adults have learned to use the burst as a cue to ‘‘stay’’ identity; and (3) previous results were not due to the use of synthetic speech. [Supported by NIDCD grant R01 DC 00633.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1996
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2000
    In:  Perception & Psychophysics Vol. 62, No. 2 ( 2000-1), p. 266-284
    In: Perception & Psychophysics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 62, No. 2 ( 2000-1), p. 266-284
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-5117 , 1532-5962
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2480891-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2045204-4
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 1998
    In:  Perception & Psychophysics Vol. 60, No. 1 ( 1998-1), p. 51-64
    In: Perception & Psychophysics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 60, No. 1 ( 1998-1), p. 51-64
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-5117 , 1532-5962
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2480891-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2045204-4
    SSG: 5,2
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