In:
PLOS Genetics, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 17, No. 2 ( 2021-2-4), p. e1009341-
Abstract:
Killer toxins are extracellular antifungal proteins that are produced by a wide variety of fungi, including Saccharomyces yeasts. Although many Saccharomyces killer toxins have been previously identified, their evolutionary origins remain uncertain given that many of these genes have been mobilized by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses. A survey of yeasts from the Saccharomyces genus has identified a novel killer toxin with a unique spectrum of activity produced by Saccharomyces paradoxus . The expression of this killer toxin is associated with the presence of a dsRNA totivirus and a satellite dsRNA. Genetic sequencing of the satellite dsRNA confirmed that it encodes a killer toxin with homology to the canonical ionophoric K1 toxin from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and has been named K1-like (K1L). Genomic homologs of K1L were identified in six non- Saccharomyces yeast species of the Saccharomycotina subphylum, predominantly in subtelomeric regions of the genome. When ectopically expressed in S . cerevisiae from cloned cDNAs, both K1L and its homologs can inhibit the growth of competing yeast species, confirming the discovery of a family of biologically active K1-like killer toxins. The sporadic distribution of these genes supports their acquisition by horizontal gene transfer followed by diversification. The phylogenetic relationship between K1L and its genomic homologs suggests a common ancestry and gene flow via dsRNAs and DNAs across taxonomic divisions. This appears to enable the acquisition of a diverse arsenal of killer toxins by different yeast species for potential use in niche competition.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1553-7404
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.g002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.g003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.g004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.g005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s008
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s009
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s010
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s011
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s012
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s013
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s014
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s015
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s016
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s017
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s018
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s019
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s020
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s021
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.s022
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.r001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.r002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.r003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.r004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.r005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009341.r006
Language:
English
Publisher:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publication Date:
2021
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2186725-2
Bookmarklink