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Humoral and Cellular Immune Response Elicited by mRNA Vaccination Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy Based on Current CD4 T-Lymphocyte Count

Antinori, Andrea ; Cicalini, Stefania ; Meschi, Silvia ; [et al.]

Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022

In: Clinical Infectious Diseases Vol. 75, No. 1 ( 2022-08-24), p. e552-e563

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In: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 75, No. 1 ( 2022-08-24), p. e552-e563

Abstract: Data on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunogenicity in PLWH are currently limited. Aim of the study was to investigate immunogenicity according to current CD4 T-cell count Methods PLWH on ART attending a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination program, were included in a prospective immunogenicity evaluation after receiving BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. Participants were stratified by current CD4 T-cell count (poor CD4 recovery, PCDR: & lt;200/mm3; intermediate CD4 recovery, ICDR: 200–500/mm3; high CD4 recovery, HCDR: & gt;500/mm3). RBD-binding IgG, SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and IFN-γ release were measured. As control group, HIV-negative healthcare workers (HCWs) were used Findings Among 166 PLWH, after 1 month from the booster dose, detectable RBD-binding IgG were elicited in 86.7% of PCDR, 100% of ICDR, 98.7% of HCDR, and a neutralizing titre ≥1:10 elicited in 70.0%, 88.2%, and 93.1%, respectively. Compared to HCDR, all immune response parameters were significantly lower in PCDR. After adjusting for confounders, current CD4 T-cell & lt;200/mm3 significantly predicted a poor magnitude of anti-RDB, nAbs and IFN-γ response. As compared with HCWs, PCDR elicited a consistently reduced immunogenicity for all parameters, ICDR only a reduced RBD-binding antibody response, whereas HCDR elicited a comparable immune response for all parameters Conclusion Humoral and cell-mediated immune response against SARS-CoV-2 were elicited in most of PLWH, albeit significantly poorer in those with CD4 T-cell & lt;200/mm3 versus those with & gt;500 cell/mm3 and HIV-negative controls. A lower RBD-binding antibody response than HCWs was also observed in PLWH with CD4 T-cell 200–500/mm3, whereas immune response elicited in PLWH with a CD4 T-cell & gt;500/mm3 was comparable to HIV-negative population

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 1058-4838 , 1537-6591

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac238

RVK:

XA 10000

Language: English

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Publication Date: 2022

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2002229-3

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Response to Haart and Gb Virus Type C Coinfection in a Cohort of Antiretroviral-Naive HIV-Infected Individuals

for the HepaICoNA and the ICoNA Study Groups ; Antonucci, Giorgio ; Girardi, Enrico ; [et al.]

SAGE Publications ; 2005

In: Antiviral Therapy Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2005-01), p. 109-117

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In: Antiviral Therapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 10, No. 1 ( 2005-01), p. 109-117

Abstract: The prognostic role of GB virus type C (GBV-C) viraemia in HIV-infected subjects treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is still undefined, The aim of this analysis is to assess the relationship between GBV-C infection and response to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected subjects initiating HAART when antiretroviral-naive. A prospective, observational study of 400 HIV-infected patients with measurements of GBV-C RNA, hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies and HCV RNA determined from plasma stored prior to HAART initiation, Time to virological (achieving HIV RNA ≤500 copies/ml) and immunological success (a CD4+ count increase of ≥200cells/μl), and the time to virological relapse (confirmed HIV RNA 〉 500 copies/ml) were assessed by Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional hazard regression model. Of the subjects, 117 (29.3%) were GBV-C positive and, overall, 351 (87.8%) patients achieved virological success, After controlling for a number of confounders including HCV RNA, GBV-C viraemic patients experienced a significantly lower risk of HIV rebound than those who were GBV-C negative [relative hazard (RH)=0.56, 95% CI: 0.34–0.93, P=0.03] , Conversely, the probability of achieving initial virological success or CD4+ count response after HAART did not differ between GBV-C-negative and -positive subjects, These results suggest that GBV-C coinfection may play a role in determining the rate of HIV rebound possibly by competing with HIV replication after HIV load has been successfully suppressed by HAART.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 1359-6535 , 2040-2058

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1177/135965350501000108

Language: English

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Publication Date: 2005

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2118396-X

SSG: 15,3

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Virological response and retention in care according to time of starting ART in Italy: data from the Icona Foundation Study cohort

d’Arminio Monforte, Antonella ; Tavelli, Alessandro ; Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro ; [et al.]

Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020

In: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Vol. 75, No. 3 ( 2020-03-01), p. 681-689

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In: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 75, No. 3 ( 2020-03-01), p. 681-689

Abstract: To describe: (i) factors associated with rapid and delayed ART initiation; (ii) rates of 12 week virological response; and (iii) virologically controlled retention in care by 1 year from ART initiation according to timing of start in a real-life setting. Methods All individuals in the Icona cohort diagnosed with HIV in 2016–17 who initiated ART were grouped according to the time between HIV diagnosis and ART initiation: Group 1, ≤7 days; Group 2, 8–14 days; Group 3, 15–30 days; Group 4, 31–120 days; and Group 5, & gt;120 days. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with: (i) the probability of rapid (Group 1) and very delayed (Group 5) ART initiation; (ii) the 12 week virological response (by a modified snapshot algorithm); and (iii) the probability of retention in care at 1 year (on ART with HIV-RNA & lt;50 copies/mL). Results A total of 1247 individuals were included [82 (6.6%) in Group 1, 115 (9.2%) in Group 2, 267 (21.4%) in Group 3, 641 (51.4%) in Group 4 and 142 (11.4%) in Group 5]. Main predictors of rapid ART start (Group 1) were low CD4 cell count and high HIV-RNA at first contact with the infectious diseases centre. There was no association between probability of virological response and timing of ART initiation. Overall, 90% of individuals remained on ART after 1 year, 91% with undetectable HIV-RNA. Participants of Italian nationality, those with higher CD4 cell count and lower HIV-RNA at ART initiation were more likely to be retained in care after 1 year. Conclusions In our high-income observational setting, we did not observe differences in the 1 year rate of virological response and retention in care according to timing of ART initiation.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0305-7453 , 1460-2091

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkz512

Language: English

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Publication Date: 2020

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1467478-6

SSG: 15,3

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Evolution of HVR-1 Quasispecies after 1-Year Treatment in HIV/HCV-Coinfected Patients According to the Pattern of Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Group for the HepaI.Co.N.A. and the I.Co.N.A. Study ; Ancarani, F ; Angeli, E ; [et al.]

SAGE Publications ; 2006

In: Antiviral Therapy Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2006-01), p. 87-94

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In: Antiviral Therapy, SAGE Publications, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2006-01), p. 87-94

Abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) variability is mainly attributed to the ability of the virus to respond to host immune pressure, acting as a driving force for the evolution of quasispecies. This study was aimed at studying the changes in HVR-1 heterogeneity and the evolution of HCV quasispecies in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients according to the pattern of response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Sixteen HIV/HCV-coinfected patients harbouring HCV genotype 1 and who had been on HAART for at least 1 year, 8 showing increasing CD4 + T-cell counts (immunological responders) and 8 showing a stable or decreasing CD4 + T-cell counts (immunological non-responders), were selected from a prospective cohort study. After 1 year of HAART, 11 patients showed HIV viral load 〈 2.6 log 10 cp/ml (virological responders), and 5 showed HIV viral load above this value (virological non-responders). Plasma samples, collected before starting therapy and after 1 year of HAART, underwent clonal sequence analysis for HVR-1 region of HCV. Non-synonymous/synonymous substitutions ratio (Ka/Ks), aminoacidic complexity (normalized Shannon entropy) and diversity (p-distance), were considered as parameters of quasispecies heterogeneity. After 1 year of HAART, heterogeneity of HVR-1 quasispecies significantly decreased in virological non-responders, whereas the heterogeneity tended to increase in virological responders. The differences in the evolution were less stringent, when considering immunological response. On the other hand, profound qualitative modifications of HVR-1 quasispecies were observed only in patients with both immunological and virological HAART response. On the whole, these findings suggest that, in patients undergoing HAART, the extent of HCV variability and the evolution of HVR-1 quasispecies is influenced by the pattern of response to antiretroviral therapy.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 1359-6535 , 2040-2058

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1177/135965350601100102

Language: English

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Publication Date: 2006

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2118396-X

SSG: 15,3

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Disorganization and real-world functioning in schizophrenia: Results from the multicenter study of the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses

Rocca, P. ; Galderisi, S. ; Rossi, A. ; [et al.]

Elsevier BV ; 2018

In: Schizophrenia Research Vol. 201 ( 2018-11), p. 105-112

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In: Schizophrenia Research, Elsevier BV, Vol. 201 ( 2018-11), p. 105-112

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0920-9964

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.06.003

Language: English

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Publication Date: 2018

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1500726-1

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The Italian registry of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria - IRENE: the study protocol

Aliberti, Stefano ; Ruffo Codecasa, Luigi ; Gori, Andrea ; [et al.]

PAGEPress Publications ; 2019

In: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine ( 2019-12-11)

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In: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine, PAGEPress Publications, ( 2019-12-11)

Abstract: Background: A substantial increase in pulmonary and extra-pulmonary diseases due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has been documented worldwide, especially among subjects suffering from chronic respiratory diseases and immunocompromised patients. Many questions remain regarding the epidemiology of pulmonary disease due to NTM (NTM-PD) mainly because reporting of NTM-PD to health authorities is not mandated in several countries, including Italy. This manuscript describes the protocol of the first Italian registry of adult patients with respiratory infections caused by NTM (IRENE). Methods: IRENE is an observational, multicenter, prospective, cohort study enrolling consecutive adult patients with either a NTM respiratory isolate or those with NTM-PD. A total of 41 centers, including mainly pulmonary and infectious disease departments, joined the registry so far. Adult patients with all of the following are included in the registry: 1) at least one positive culture for any NTM species from any respiratory sample; 2) at least one positive culture for NTM isolated in the year prior the enrolment and/or prescribed NTM treatment in the year prior the enrolment; 3) given consent to inclusion in the study. No exclusion criteria are applied to the study. Patients are managed according to standard operating procedures implemented in each IRENE clinical center. An online case report form has been developed to collect patients’ demographics, comorbidities, microbiological, laboratory, functional, radiological, clinical, treatment and outcome data at baseline and on an annual basis. An IRENE biobank has also been developed within the network and linked to the clinical data of the registry. Conclusions: IRENE has been developed to inform the clinical and scientific community on the current management of adult patients with NTM respiratory infections in Italy and acts as a national network to increase the disease’s awareness. Trial registration: Clinicaltrial.gov: NCT03339063.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2049-6958 , 1828-695X

URL: Article

DOI: 10.4081/mrm.2018.101

Language: Unknown

Publisher: PAGEPress Publications

Publication Date: 2019

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2677839-7

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Cystic Echinococcosis in a Single Tertiary Care Center in Rome, Italy

Petrone, Linda ; Cuzzi, Gilda ; Colace, Lidia ; [et al.]

Hindawi Limited ; 2013

In: BioMed Research International Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-9

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In: BioMed Research International, Hindawi Limited, Vol. 2013 ( 2013), p. 1-9

Abstract: Background . Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a chronic, clinically complex, and neglected disease. Its prevalence in Italy, a country of medium to high endemicity, remains poorly defined, as notification has long ceased to be mandatory. Methods . We set up a retrospective cohort study involving all CE patients followed at our institute between January 2005 and December 2012. Demographical and clinical features were recorded and analyzed. Results . CE was found in 28 patients (64.3%), mostly Italians from the central regions (50%), followed by subjects from the islands (33.3%) and Southern Italy (16.7%). Their median age was 45 years (IQR: 38.5–66.5), with Eastern Europeans being significantly younger (28 years, IQR: 19–39) than other patients ( P ≤ 0.0001 ). A total of 149 cysts, mostly with hepatic localization (96%), were described. Based on the WHO classification, the cysts were mainly small (80.5%) and active (CE1 (73.8%); CE2 (7.4%)). Active cysts were more common in Eastern Europeans (85.7%) than Italians (66.7%). Conclusion . Our data confirm CE occurrence in Italy. We emphasize the importance to have a national CE registry, opportunely recently introduced. This is essential to assess CE prevalence in this country, implement appropriate control measures, and improve patient management.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2314-6133 , 2314-6141

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1155/2013/978146

Language: English

Publisher: Hindawi Limited

Publication Date: 2013

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2698540-8

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The Italian registry of pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacteria - IRENE: the study protocol

Aliberti, Stefano ; on behalf of the IRENE Network ; Codecasa, Luigi Ruffo ; [et al.]

PAGEPress Publications ; 2018

In: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine Vol. 13, No. S1 ( 2018-8)

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In: Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine, PAGEPress Publications, Vol. 13, No. S1 ( 2018-8)

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2049-6958

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1186/s40248-018-0141-8

Language: English

Publisher: PAGEPress Publications

Publication Date: 2018

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2677839-7

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Development and validation of a prediction model for tocilizumab failure in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Mussini, Cristina ; Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro ; Menozzi, Marianna ; [et al.]

Public Library of Science (PLoS) ; 2021

In: PLOS ONE Vol. 16, No. 2 ( 2021-2-23), p. e0247275-

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In: PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 16, No. 2 ( 2021-2-23), p. e0247275-

Abstract: The aim of this secondary analysis of the TESEO cohort is to identify, early in the course of treatment with tocilizumab, factors associated with the risk of progressing to mechanical ventilation and death and develop a risk score to estimate the risk of this outcome according to patients’ profile. Methods Patients with COVID-19 severe pneumonia receiving standard of care + tocilizumab who were alive and free from mechanical ventilation at day 6 after treatment initiation were included in this retrospective, multicenter cohort study. Multivariable logistic regression models were built to identify predictors of mechanical ventilation or death by day-28 from treatment initiation and β-coefficients were used to develop a risk score. Secondary outcome was mortality. Patients with the same inclusion criteria as the derivation cohort from 3 independent hospitals were used as validation cohort. Results 266 patients treated with tocilizumab were included. By day 28 of hospital follow-up post treatment initiation, 40 (15%) underwent mechanical ventilation or died [26 (10%)]. At multivariable analysis, sex, day-4 PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratio, platelets and CRP were independently associated with the risk of developing the study outcomes and were used to generate the proposed risk score. The accuracy of the score in AUC was 0.80 and 0.70 in internal validation and test for the composite endpoint and 0.92 and 0.69 for death, respectively. Conclusions Our score could assist clinicians in identifying, early after tocilizumab administration, patients who are likely to progress to mechanical ventilation or death, so that they could be selected for eventual rescue therapies.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 1932-6203

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.g001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.g002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.t001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.t002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.t003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.t004

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.s001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.s002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.s003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.s004

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.s005

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.s006

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.r001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.r002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.r003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247275.r004

Language: English

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Publication Date: 2021

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267670-3

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DataSheet_1.docx

Aiello, Alessandra ; Grossi, Adriano ; Meschi, Silvia ; [et al.]

Frontiers Media SA ; 2022

In: Frontiers in Immunology Vol. 13 ( 2022-7-27)

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In: Frontiers in Immunology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-7-27)

Abstract: To better define the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19, the present study aims to characterize the early immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in household contacts of COVID-19 cases. In particular, innate, T- and B-cell specific responses were evaluated over time. Methods Household contacts of COVID-19 cases screened for SARS−CoV−2 infection by nasopharyngeal swab for surveillance purposes were enrolled (T0, n=42). Of these, 28 subjects returned for a follow-up test (T1). The innate response was assessed by detecting a panel of soluble factors by multiplex-technology in plasma samples. Cell-mediated response was evaluated by measuring interferon (IFN)-γ levels by ELISA in plasma harvested from whole-blood stimulated with SARS−CoV−2 peptide pools, including spike (S), nucleocapsid (N) and membrane (M) proteins. The serological response was assessed by quantifying anti-Receptor-Binding-Domain (RBD), anti-Nucleocapsid (N), whole virus indirect immunofluorescence, and neutralizing antibodies. Results At T0, higher levels of plasmatic IFN-α, IL-1ra, MCP-1 and IP-10, and lower levels of IL-1β, IL-9, MIP-1β and RANTES were observed in subjects with positive swab compared to individuals with a negative one (p & lt;0.05). Plasmatic IFN-α was the only cytokine detectable in subjects with positive SARS-CoV-2 swabs with high accuracy for swab score positivity (0.93, p & lt;0.0001). Among subjects with positive swabs, significant negative correlations were found among the RT-PCR cycle threshold values reported for genes S and N and IFN-α or IP-10 levels. At T0, the IFN-γ T-cell specific response was detected in 50% (5/10) of subjects with positive swab, while anti-RBD/anti-N antibodies showed a positivity rate of 10% (1/10). At T1, the IFN-γ T-cell specific response was detected in most of the confirmed-infection subjects (77.8%, 7/9), whereas the serological response was still observed in a minority of them (44.4%, 4/9). Overall, the swab test showed a moderate concordance with the T-cell response (78.6%, k=0.467), and a scarce concordance with the serological one (72.9%, k=0.194). Conclusions Plasmatic IFN-α and the IFN-γ T-cell specific response appear early even in the absence of seroconversion, and show a greater positivity rate than the serological response in household contacts with positive swab.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 1664-3224

URL: Article

DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.920227

DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.920227.s001

Language: Unknown

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Publication Date: 2022

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2606827-8

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