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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The potential of food environment policies to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in diets and to improve healthy diets among lower socioeconomic groups: an umbrella review
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  BMC Public Health Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2022-03-04)
    Details
    In: BMC Public Health, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2022-03-04)
    Abstract: Socioeconomic inequalities in diets need to be tackled to improve population diets and prevent obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases. The potential of food environment policies to reduce such inequalities has to date however not been appraised. The objective of this umbrella review was to assess the impact of food environment policies on socioeconomic inequalities in diets and to identify knowledge gaps in the existing literature, using the Healthy Food Environment Policy Index as a conceptual framework. The policies considered in the umbrella review are within six domains: 1) food composition 2) food labelling 3) food promotion 4) food provision 5) food retail 6) food pricing. A systematic search for systematic literature reviews on the effect of food environment policies on dietary-related outcomes across socioeconomic groups and published in English between 2004 and 2019 was conducted. Sixteen systematic literature reviews encompassing 159 primary studies were included, covering food composition ( n  = 2), food labelling ( n  = 3), food provision ( n  = 2), food prices ( n  = 13) and food in retail ( n  = 4). Quality assessment using the “Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews” quality rating scale showed that review quality was mainly low or critically low. Results suggest that food taxation may reduce socioeconomic inequalities in diets. For all other policy areas, the evidence base was poor. Current research largely fails to provide good quality evidence on impacts of food environment policies on socioeconomic inequalities in diets. Research to fill this knowledge gap is urgently needed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1471-2458
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12827-4
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041338-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mapping the digital food environment: a scoping review protocol
    BMJ ; 2020
    In:  BMJ Open Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2020-04), p. e036241-
    Details
    In: BMJ Open, BMJ, Vol. 10, No. 4 ( 2020-04), p. e036241-
    Abstract: Food environments are the interface through which people interact with the broader food system. They are a key determinant of healthy and sustainable diets. The widespread use of digital technology in late modernity and the shift towards a digital society have posed new challenges for nutrition and health, with a concomitant surge in research on social media, digital health promotion interventions, and more recently, increasing interest in digital food marketing. While the literature is abundant on studies linking food, nutrition and digital technology, the effort to conceptualise and describe the digital food environment is new. This scoping review aims to support the development of a definition of the digital food environment and characterise it, along with key thematic research trends on this topic and potential consequences for nutrition and health. Methods and analysis The planned scoping review will be supported by the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and further developed by Levac et al . Development and reporting will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses—Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist and guidelines. The development of the search strategy was guided by the food environment conceptual framework developed by Turner et al . Four databases will be searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science. Citation searching will be applied to identify additional studies, through checking of reference lists of primary studies and reviews. Studies in English, published from the year 2000 onwards, will be included. No geographical or population limits will be applied. Data will be extracted and analysed using a standardised charting tool. Ethics and dissemination No ethical approval is required for this study. The results will be submitted to an international peer-reviewed journal and scientific conferences. They will be disseminated through digital science communication platforms, including academic social media, to amplify its reach and usefulness.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2044-6055 , 2044-6055
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036241
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2599832-8
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ultra-processed food purchases in Norway: a quantitative study on a representative sample of food retailers
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2016
    In:  Public Health Nutrition Vol. 19, No. 11 ( 2016-08), p. 1990-2001
    Details
    In: Public Health Nutrition, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 19, No. 11 ( 2016-08), p. 1990-2001
    Abstract: To identify the use of ultra-processed foods – vectors of salt, sugar and fats – in the Norwegian diet through an assessment of food sales. Design Sales data from a representative sample of food retailers in Norway, collected in September 2005 ( n 150) and September 2013 ( n 170), were analysed. Data consisted of barcode scans of individual food item purchases, reporting type of food, price, geographical region and retail concept. Foods were categorized as minimally processed, culinary ingredients, processed products and ultra-processed. Indicators were share of purchases and share of expenditure on food categories. Setting Six geographical regions in Norway. Subjects The barcode data included 296 121 observations in 2005 and 501 938 observations in 2013. Results Ultra-processed products represented 58·8 % of purchases and 48·8 % of expenditure in 2013. Minimally processed foods accounted for 17·2 % of purchases and 33·0 % of expenditure. Every third purchase was a sweet ultra-processed product. Food sales changed marginally in favour of minimally processed foods and in disfavour of processed products between 2005 and 2013 ( χ 2 (3)=203 195, P 〈 0·001, Cramer’s V =0·017, P 〈 0·001). Conclusions Ultra-processed products accounted for the majority of food sales in Norway, indicating a high consumption of such products. This could be contributing to rising rates of overweight, obesity and non-communicable diseases in the country, as findings from other countries indicate. Policy measures should aim at decreasing consumption of ultra-processed products and facilitating access (including economic) to minimally processed foods.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1368-9800 , 1475-2727
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1368980015003523
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016337-X
    SSG: 21
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multistakeholder partnerships in global nutrition governance: protecting public interest?
    Norwegian Medical Association ; 2017
    In:  Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening ( 2017)
    Details
    In: Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening, Norwegian Medical Association, ( 2017)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0029-2001
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0627
    Language: Norwegian
    Publisher: Norwegian Medical Association
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2039570-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) Movement and conflicts of interest in global nutrition governance
    World Public Health Nutrition Association ; 2018
    In:  World Nutrition Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2018-04-19), p. 53-
    Details
    In: World Nutrition, World Public Health Nutrition Association, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2018-04-19), p. 53-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-9775
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.26596/wn.20189153-56
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: World Public Health Nutrition Association
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3122563-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ultra-processed food purchases in Norway: a quantitative study on a representative sample of food retailers – CORRIGENDUM
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2016
    In:  Public Health Nutrition Vol. 19, No. 12 ( 2016-08), p. 2291-2291
    Details
    In: Public Health Nutrition, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 19, No. 12 ( 2016-08), p. 2291-2291
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1368-9800 , 1475-2727
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1368980016000343
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016337-X
    SSG: 21
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mapping the digital food environment: A systematic scoping review
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Obesity Reviews Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2022-01)
    Details
    In: Obesity Reviews, Wiley, Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2022-01)
    Abstract: Food environments are directly linked to diets and health outcomes such as overweight, obesity, and noncommunicable diseases. The digitalization of food environments is becoming a central issue in public health, yet little is known about this emerging field. We performed a systematic scoping review to map the research on the digital food environment and investigate how the eight dimensions of the food environment, according to an established framework (availability, prices, vendor and product properties, marketing and regulation, accessibility, affordability, convenience, and desirability), might be shifting in the context of a digital society. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published between 2000 and 2019, using search terms covering digital technology and food environment, which yielded 13,580 unique records. Our analysis of 357 studies shows that digitalization is taking place in all dimensions of the food environment, and enabling the emergence of new forms of buying and selling food, such as online grocery shopping and online food delivery, which may be changing availability of foods and affecting the physical distance to shops and time allocated for shopping. Systematic reviews identified indicated that digital food marketing and social media can influence food choices, preferences and consumption. Our findings suggest that digital and physical food environments are interconnected and influencing one another, but the impact of the digital on health and nutrition is yet unclear.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1467-7881 , 1467-789X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/obr.v23.1
    DOI: 10.1111/obr.13356
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020497-8
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The potential of a human rights approach for accelerating the implementation of comprehensive restrictions on the marketing of unhealthy foods and non-alcoholic beverages to children
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  Health Promotion International Vol. 34, No. 3 ( 2019-06-01), p. 591-600
    Details
    In: Health Promotion International, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 34, No. 3 ( 2019-06-01), p. 591-600
    Abstract: Overweight and obesity in children is rising at the global level, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Among the causes for this increase is the marketing of unhealthy food and beverage products, which affects children’s food preferences, purchasing requests and consumption patterns. The need to address harmful marketing to children has been recognized at the World Health Organization, with Member States having agreed in 2010 to implement a set of recommendations to restrict such practices. Concurrently, there is an increasing understanding of unhealthy food and malnutrition as human rights concerns. This paper explores the potential of existing legally and non-legally binding human rights instruments for accelerating the implementation of comprehensive restrictions to reduce harmful marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children. Four relevant themes were identified in existing human rights instruments: (i) the best interest of the child should be considered above all other interests; (ii) the rights to health and adequate food cannot be realized without supportive healthy environments; (iii) children should be protected from economic exploitation; and (iv) the persuasive marketing of unhealthy food and beverage products is explicitly recognized as a threat to the rights to food and health. In conclusion, existing human rights instruments could be harnessed to advance public health measures to restrict the marketing of unhealthy food and beverage products to children. Policy-makers and advocates should draw from these instruments and refer to State’s obligations within international and domestic human rights law to strengthen their efforts to restrict harmful marketing practices to children.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0957-4824 , 1460-2245
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dax100
    RVK:
    XE 2800
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1484861-2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Interference in public health policy
    World Public Health Nutrition Association ; 2017
    In:  World Nutrition Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2017-12-08), p. 288-
    Details
    In: World Nutrition, World Public Health Nutrition Association, Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2017-12-08), p. 288-
    Abstract: Despite countries’ commitments to improve nutrition, starting with the protection of breastfeeding, aggressive marketing of breastmilk substitutes continues to promote their indiscriminate use. The baby food industry appears to use similar interference tactics as the tobacco industry to influence public health, promote their products and expand their markets. Learning from the tobacco experience, this paper assesses whether the baby food industry uses any of the six tobacco industry interference tactics recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) and summarizes examples of documented evidence. We conclude that the baby food industry uses all six tactics: (1) manoeuvring to hijack the political and legislative process; (2) exaggerating economic importance of the industry; (3) manipulating public opinion to gain appearance of respectability; (4) fabricating support through front groups; (5) discrediting proven science; and (6) intimidating governments with litigation. There is abundant anecdotal evidence. Published evidence is limited and varies by tactic. Examples of interference are provided for the Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, Turkey, Ecuador, Hong Kong, Mexico and the United Kingdom, and most for Tactic 3. Interference in public health policies shows commonalities between the two industries. The tobacco control movement offers a useful framework for classifying and addressing interference with public policy by the baby food industry. Revealing the depth and extent of interference used by the baby food industry is critical if countries are to counter interference and implement commitments to improve nutrition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2041-9775
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.26596/wn.201782288-310
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: World Public Health Nutrition Association
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3122563-9
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