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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery Findings Among People with HIV: Normative Comparisons and Clinical Associations
    Informa UK Limited ; 2023
    In:  Patient Related Outcome Measures Vol. Volume 14 ( 2023-02), p. 15-30
    Details
    In: Patient Related Outcome Measures, Informa UK Limited, Vol. Volume 14 ( 2023-02), p. 15-30
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1179-271X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2147/PROM.S391113
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2586660-6
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  • 2
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    Emotional health and its association with neurocognition in Hispanic and non-Hispanic White people with HIV
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2023
    In:  Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
    Details
    In: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Abstract: Emotional functioning is linked to HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment, yet research on this association among diverse people with HIV (PWH) is scant. We examined emotional health and its association with neurocognition in Hispanic and White PWH. Methods: Participants included 107 Hispanic (41% primarily Spanish-speakers; 80% Mexican heritage/origin) and 216 White PWH (Overall age: M = 53.62, SD = 12.19; 86% male; 63% AIDS; 92% on antiretroviral therapy). Emotional health was assessed via the National Institute of Health Toolbox (NIHTB)-Emotion Battery, which yields T-scores for three factor-based summary scores (negative affect, social satisfaction, and psychological well-being) and 13 individual component scales. Neurocognition was measured via demographically adjusted fluid cognition T-scores from the NIHTB-cognition battery. Results: 27%–39% of the sample had problematic socioemotional summary scores. Hispanic PWH showed less loneliness, better social satisfaction, higher meaning and purpose, and better psychological well-being than Whites ( ps 〈 .05). Within Hispanics, Spanish-speakers showed better meaning and purpose, higher psychological well-being summary score, less anger hostility, but greater fear affect than English speakers. Only in Whites, worse negative affect (fear affect, perceived stress, and sadness) was associated with worse neurocognition ( p 〈 .05); and in both groups, worse social satisfaction (emotional support, friendship, and perceived rejection) was linked with worse neurocognition ( p 〈 .05). Conclusion: Adverse emotional health is common among PWH, with subgroups of Hispanics showing relative strengths in some domains. Aspects of emotional health differentially relate to neurocogntition among PWH and cross-culturally. Understanding these varying associations is an important step towards the development of culturally relevant interventions that promote neurocognitive health among Hispanic PWH.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-6177 , 1469-7661
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1355617723000188
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000018-2
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 3
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    Cognitive symptoms among middle‐ and older‐age adults in Latin America during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic: Risk and protective factors
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Alzheimer's & Dementia Vol. 19, No. S8 ( 2023-06)
    Details
    In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, Wiley, Vol. 19, No. S8 ( 2023-06)
    Abstract: The COVID‐19 pandemic has impacted daily life worldwide, with possible negative consequences for cognitive health. Self‐reported cognitive symptoms are linked to the development of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRDs). Identifying risk and protective factors for cognitive symptoms during the pandemic is an important step towards the development of ADRD prevention efforts. We aimed to examine correlates of cognitive symptoms among middle‐ and older‐age adults in Latin America before the availability of vaccines to prevent COVID‐19, including sociodemographic factors and changes in life. Method Spanish‐speaking adults ages 55‐95 (N = 2,382, Table 1) living in Latin America completed an online survey between May and December 2020. Cognitive symptoms were assessed via the 12‐item Everyday Cognition (ECog) questionnaire. Negative (e.g., economic difficulties, limited social activities) and positive (e.g., more quality time with close others, increased time in nature/outside) life changes associated with the pandemic were measured via a subset of items from the Epidemic‐Pandemic Impacts Inventory. Sociodemographic factors included age, years of education, gender, occupation and socioeconomic status (SES). Covariates included time since March 2020 (estimated onset of the pandemic in Latin America), country of survey completion, and having experienced COVID‐19 symptoms. Multivariable linear regression models were ran on ECog total scores including covariates and sociodemographic factors (Model 1), and then adding terms for negative and positive life changes and their interaction (Model 2). Results Model 1 showed female gender (p = .04), not currently working (p = .02) and lower SES (p 〈 .001) were independently associated with more cognitive symptoms. Model 2 showed a significant interaction between negative and positive life changes (p 〈 .001), indicating that negative life changes were significantly associated with more cognitive symptoms, but this association was weaker among participants who reported at least one positive life change during the pandemic (Figure 1). Conclusion Cognitive symptoms might be more common among certain segments of the Latin American population, including women, and those who are not working and have low SES. The experience of positive life changes during the pandemic might buffer the detrimental impact of negative life changes on cognitive symptoms. These risk and protective factors might be considered in ADRD prevention efforts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1552-5260 , 1552-5279
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.v19.S8
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.061678
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2201940-6
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  • 4
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    Associations between Depression and Subjective Cognitive Decline: Results from the Study of Latinos‐Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL‐INCA) and HCHS/SOL
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Alzheimer's & Dementia Vol. 18, No. S7 ( 2022-12)
    Details
    In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, Wiley, Vol. 18, No. S7 ( 2022-12)
    Abstract: Many aging Hispanic/Latino persons are worried about memory loss. Prior research suggests that subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and depression, might have common pathways, and could be precursors to cognitive impairment. We examined associations between depression and domains of SCD in a large sample of diverse Hispanics/Latinos. Methods Data included n = 6,189 (unweighted) middle‐aged and older Hispanics/Latinos (Age M = 63.4‐years, SD = 8.2; 55% female; 40.5% with more than High School education) from 6‐heritage groups participating in the Study of Latinos‐Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL‐INCA), an ancillary study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). We used survey generalized linear regression to model the associations between depressive symptoms, captured at baseline (2008‐2011) with the Center for Epidemiological Studies‐Depression 10‐Item Scale (CES‐D‐10), and SCD was measured, on average 7‐years later, via the Everyday Cognition Short‐Form (ECog‐12). Results Higher depressive symptoms at baseline were linked to worse global ( B = .37, SE = .02) and domain specific SCD [Memory ( B = .34, SE = .02), Visual Spatial Planning ( B = .28, SE = .02), Executive ( B = .33, SE = .02)] ( p s 〈 0.001) after adjusting for cardiovascular risk and demographic covariates. These associations were more pronounced in individuals who were concerned about their attention, concentration or memory. Hispanic/Latino background (i.e., Dominican, Central American, Cuban, Mexican, Puerto‐Rican, South American, Other) did not modify the associations between depression symptoms and measures of SCD ( p s 〉 0.05). Conclusion Elevated depressive symptoms were consistently linked to global and domain specific subjective cognitive decline across Hispanics/Latinos of diverse heritages, particularly in the presence of attention, concentration or memory concerns. Our findings underscore the importance of assessing depression when evaluating Hispanics/Latinos with cognitive complaints.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1552-5260 , 1552-5279
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.v18.S7
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.069024
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2201940-6
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  • 5
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    Perceptions and attitudes of brain donation for Alzheimer’s disease research among older Latinos
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Alzheimer's & Dementia Vol. 17, No. S7 ( 2021-12)
    Details
    In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, Wiley, Vol. 17, No. S7 ( 2021-12)
    Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) continue to be highly debilitating, particularly among older Latinos. Latinos are 1.5x more likely to develop ADRD compared to Non‐Hispanic Whites. Even though Latinos comprise 18.5% of the US population, only 8% participate in ADRD research, which is a significant problem given the substantial public health burden of ADRD among this population. Specifically, there is a dearth of brain tissue currently available that is essential for confirming clinical ADRD diagnoses. The purpose of this abstract is to present preliminary findings on a study looking at the perceptions and attitudes related to brain donation (BD) among older Latinos. Method Semi‐structured phone interviews were conducted over the phone in English or Spanish. Questionnaires were administered to assess demographic characteristics, psychological acculturation, fatalism, and knowledge of aging‐related research relevant to AD. The interview was used to guide participants in the topic of BD and their willingness to BD. All interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed. Result Participants included 40 community‐dwelling Latinos living in the US (Mean age: 59.4, SD=7.35). The majority of participants were female (67.5%) and had an average of 12.55 ( SD =3.21) years of education. Most participants were born in Mexico (85%), 10% in the US, and 5% in another Latin American country. Preliminary findings from a subsample of transcripts and the interviewer’s notes indicate some initial but salient themes, including but not limited to 1) lack of information and awareness about BD; 2) key social and cultural factors influencing willingness to donate; and (3) Interviewees’ recommendations for engaging and increasing Latinos BD knowledge and study participation. Conclusion Better understanding attitudes and perceptions of BD for ADRD research can facilitate targeted culturally‐relevant approaches for increasing autopsy consent that will have a significant and enduring impact on eliminating critical barriers in ADRD for Latinos. Work generated from this study will be used to develop a survey instrument to assess dimensions of diverse Latino willingness to consent to BD research with the goal to increase Latino participation in BD studies that will help address the disparities that exist in this population.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1552-5260 , 1552-5279
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.v17.S7
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.051183
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2201940-6
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  • 6
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    Influence of Educational Background, Childhood Socioeconomic Environment, and Language Use on Cognition among Spanish-Speaking Latinos Living Near the US–Mexico Border
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society Vol. 28, No. 8 ( 2022-09), p. 876-890
    Details
    In: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 28, No. 8 ( 2022-09), p. 876-890
    Abstract: We investigated the impact of culturally relevant social, educational, and language factors on cognitive test performance among Spanish speakers living near the US–Mexico border. Methods: Participants included 254 healthy native Spanish speakers from the Neuropsychological Norms for the US–Mexico Border Region in Spanish (NP-NUMBRS) project (Age: M = 37.3, SD = 10.4; Education: M = 10.7, SD = 4.3; 59% Female). A comprehensive neuropsychological battery was administered in Spanish. Individual test scaled scores and T -scores (based on region-specific norms adjusted for age, education, and sex) were averaged to create Global Mean Scaled and T -scores. Measures of culturally relevant factors included a self-reported indicator of educational quality/access (proportion of education in Spanish-speaking country, quality of school/classroom setting, stopped attending school to work), childhood socioeconomic environment (parental education, proportion of time living in Spanish-speaking country, childhood socioeconomic and health status, access to basic resources, work as a child), and Spanish/English language use and fluency. Results: Several culturally relevant variables were significantly associated with unadjusted Global Scaled Scores in univariable analyses. When using demographically adjusted T -scores, fewer culturally relevant characteristics were significant. In multivariable analyses, being bilingual ( p = .04) and working as a child for one’s own benefit compared to not working as a child ( p = .006) were significantly associated with higher Global Mean T -score, accounting for 9% of variance. Conclusions: Demographically adjusted normative data provide a useful tool for the identification of brain dysfunction, as these account for much of the variance of sociocultural factors on cognitive test performance. Yet, certain culturally relevant variables still contributed to cognitive test performance above and beyond basic demographics, warranting further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-6177 , 1469-7661
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1355617721001028
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000018-2
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 7
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    To donate, or not to donate, that is the question: Latino insights into brain donation
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Alzheimer's & Dementia Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2023-04), p. 1274-1280
    Details
    In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, Wiley, Vol. 19, No. 4 ( 2023-04), p. 1274-1280
    Abstract: Latinos are underrepresented in brain autopsy research on Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). The study's purpose is to identify Latinos’ attitudes about brain donation (BD) to inform methods by which researchers can increase autopsy consent. Methods Forty Latinos (mean age: 59.4 years) completed a semi‐structured interview and were presented with educational information about BD. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing their understanding of BD and willingness to donate their brain for research. Results Among participants, there was near unanimous support for BD to study ADRD after hearing educational information. However, prior to the information presented, participants reported a lack of knowledge about BD and demonstrated a possibility that misunderstandings about BD may affect participation. Discussion While nearly all study participants agree that donating is beneficial for research and for future generations, the lack of BD information must be addressed to help support positive attitudes and willingness for participation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1552-5260 , 1552-5279
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.v19.4
    DOI: 10.1002/alz.12755
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2201940-6
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