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  • 1
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    Appendiceal metastasis in ovarian carcinoma-a case report
    Discover STM Publishing Ltd. ; 2022
    In:  European Journal of Medical Case Reports ( 2022), p. 102-106
    Details
    In: European Journal of Medical Case Reports, Discover STM Publishing Ltd., ( 2022), p. 102-106
    Abstract: Background: Being highly malignant, ovarian carcinoma mostly presents at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. The appendix could be a potential site for metastatic involvement by ovarian malignancy, however, this is a rare event. Though, its presence can upgrade the tumor to stage III. Case Presentation: We report a post-menopausal patient with abdominal mass and distension. Computed tomography scan showed bilateral adnexal lesions, an enlarged enhancing appendix, right hydroureteronephrosis, and ascites. On histopathological correlation, the adnexal lesions turned out to be moderate to poorly differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma with omental and appendiceal involvement by the pathologic process. The patient was then referred to the Oncology department. Conclusion: Clinical assessment of appendix or routine appendectomy as part of late-stage ovarian carcinoma management in older patients with omental involvement can lower the risk of appendiceal involvement with subsequent downstaging of the tumor.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2520-4998
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.24911/ejmcr/
    DOI: 10.24911/ejmcr/173-1650315521
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Discover STM Publishing Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2927535-0
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  • 2
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    Electrochemical nanosensor for ultrasensitive detection of malachite green and monitoring of its photocatalytic degradation
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2022
    In:  npj Clean Water Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-12-31)
    Details
    In: npj Clean Water, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 5, No. 1 ( 2022-12-31)
    Abstract: Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization, and application of TiO 2 /ZnO and La-doped ZnO nanocomposites for the detection and degradation studies of Malachite Green (MG). TiO 2 /ZnO and La-doped ZnO nanocomposites were synthesized by reflux and hydrothermal methods, respectively, and characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. A glassy carbon electrode modified with COOH- f MWCNTs and TiO 2 /ZnO nanocomposite demonstrated high sensitivity characteristics for the sensing of MG up to 0.34 nM limit of detection. The application of a photocatalytic method using 2% La-doped ZnO led to 99% degradation of MG in 40 min. The photocatalytic breakdown of MG followed first-order kinetics as revealed from the spectroscopic and electrochemical monitoring of the degradation process. Color variation offered naked-eye evidence of MG degradation in the specified time. The experimental findings helped in proposing the degradation mechanism. To the best of our knowledge, the current work presents the first example of a novel photocatalyst for almost absolute degradation of MG. Moreover, the electrode modifier as well as the approach adopted is novel and efficient for minute-level detection of MG and monitoring of its photocatalytic degradation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2059-7037
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41545-022-00213-x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2934614-9
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  • 3
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    Loss of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression in HER2-overexpressing esophagogastric (EG) tumors treated with trastuzumab.
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 33, No. 3_suppl ( 2015-01-20), p. 63-63
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 33, No. 3_suppl ( 2015-01-20), p. 63-63
    Abstract: 63 Background: Trastuzumab-based therapy is the standard therapeutic approach for patients with metastatic HER2+ esophagogastric (EG) tumors. While trastuzumab prolongs survival in this population, responses are rarely complete and resistance invariably develops. Loss of HER2 and presence of co-occurring molecular alterations may impact the efficacy of HER2 targeted agents in second line setting. Methods: We reviewed clinical and pathologic data of patients (pts) with metastatic HER2+ (IHC 3+ or FISH 〉 2.0) EG adenocarcinoma undergoing trastuzumab/chemotherapy treatment at MSKCC. Samples with ample tissue were analyzed using an on-site 341 cancer-associated gene bait capture, next generation sequencing (NGS) assay. When available, biopsy at the time of disease progression on trastuzumab was tested for HER2 by IHC and FISH. Results: Eighty four pts with Stage IV HER2+ EG adenocarcinoma (57 IHC 3+, 27 IHC2+/FISH+) treated with trastuzumab with chemotherapy. Median progression free survival on 1 st line trastuzumab therapy 9.4 months (mos) [95%CI: 6.9-13.3 mos]. Median overall survival 20.3 mos [95%CI: 14.7-22.4 mos] . Post-trastuzumab biopsy available in 23 of 84 (27%) pts, of those 35% (8 of 23) lost HER2 positivity (4-IHC 0, 4 FISH negative). NGS performed on 24 of 84 (28%) samples. Alterations were observed in EGFR (13%), TP53 mut (92%), cell cycle mediators such as cyclin dependent kinases (42%) and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT/mTOR axis (21%). Conclusions: Loss of HER2 expression occurs in patients with HER2+ EG cancer treated with trastuzumab and presents a possible mechanism for trastuzumab resistance. Our data suggest the need for repeat biopsies to accurately determine appropriate use of second-line HER2 directed therapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.33.3_suppl.63
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 4
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    Efficacy and Safety of Xelox in Comparison with Folfox in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
    Lahore Medical and Dental College ; 2022
    In:  Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Vol. 16, No. 11 ( 2022-11-30), p. 833-835
    Details
    In: Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Vol. 16, No. 11 ( 2022-11-30), p. 833-835
    Abstract: Background: The study aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of Xelox in comparison to Folfox chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. Methods: A quasi experimental study was undertaken at the Department of Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center between April 2022 to November 2022. All the patients coming to oncology department JPMC with confirmed diagnosis of metastatic colorectal cancer of age 18 years and above were included. All data were recorded in a predefined proforma by the researchers. Patients’ age, gender, and comorbidity, family history, and clinical characteristics were noted. The primary endpoints were the overall response rates and the frequency of adverse effects. Results: A total of 200 patients were enrolled with a mean age of 40 ± 14.38 years. There were 100 participants in the Xelox group while 100 participants in the Folfox group. About 45 (45%) in the Xelox group and 62 (62%) in the Folfox group reported adverse effects of the chemotherapy (p=0.015). The rate of neutropenia grade III/IV was greater in the Folfox category than the Xelox. Hand foot syndrome was significantly more frequently reported in the Xelox group than the Folfox group 22 (48.89%) and 18 (29.03%); p=0.036, respectively. Oral mucositis was also more frequently reported in patients taking Xelox than Folfox [20 (44.44%) vs. 15 (24.19%); p=0.023]. There was no significant statistical difference between Xelox and Folfox in terms of patient overall response rates. Conclusion: According to the study, there are no appreciable differences between Xelox and Folfox chemotherapy in terms of overall response rates among patients with colorectal cancer. However, overall, patients taking Folfox reported significantly higher rates of adverse effects with the exception of hand foot syndrome and oral mucositis which was more frequent in the Xelox group. Keywords: colorectal carcinoma, chemotherapy, xelox, folfox, Capecitabine, Oxaliplatin, fluorouracil
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs20221611
    DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs202216
    DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs20221611833
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Lahore Medical and Dental College
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 5
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    Neurodegenerative Diseases: Their Onset, Epidemiology, Causes and Treatment
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  ChemistrySelect Vol. 8, No. 20 ( 2023-05-25)
    Details
    In: ChemistrySelect, Wiley, Vol. 8, No. 20 ( 2023-05-25)
    Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of diseases with several neuropathological symptoms. Degenerative nerve diseases can be serious or life‐threatening. Because of the rise in the older population in recent years, these age‐dependent diseases are becoming more and more common. The WHO reports that within a few years, neurodegenerative diseases will overtake cancer to become the second leading cause of fatalities with cardiovascular diseases being the first. All neurodegenerative diseases have a common ground in that they are all associated with some sort of gene mutation leading to subsequent protein dysfunction. This review focuses on 6 neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, spinal muscular atrophy, spinocerebellar ataxia, and prions disease. The study aims to provide a basic understanding of the onset, epidemiology, causes, and role of associated proteins of the neurodegenerative diseases and will also go over any treatments which are currently being employed for the specific diseases. This presented data will allow to establish a slight comparison between the mentioned diseases and highlight any similarities and dissimilarities they may possess, thus providing the scientific community with basic knowledge on these diseases to help future research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2365-6549 , 2365-6549
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/slct.v8.20
    DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300225
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2844262-3
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  • 6
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    Study of Antimicrobial Activity of Few Medicinal Plants Extracts on Growth of Helicobacter Pylori
    Lahore Medical and Dental College ; 2022
    In:  Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2022-01-18), p. 311-313
    Details
    In: Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, Lahore Medical and Dental College, Vol. 16, No. 1 ( 2022-01-18), p. 311-313
    Abstract: Background: H. pylori is a microaerophilic Gram-negative bacterium, spiral in shape. It infects approximately half of the population across the world. Aims: to assess the antibiotic resistance of H. pylori as well as the potential of medical plant extracts to inhibit resistant strains. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in Microbiology Institute, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur Mir’s from January 2019 to December 2019. Endoscopy was used to obtain samples from the gastrointestinal ward of teaching hospital of KMC, Khairpur. H. pylori was isolated, identified and inoculated. From the local market, ginger roots, garlic roots, kalonji seeds, and mint leaves were acquired and extracts were prepared. RESULTS: Antimicrobial sensitivity of extracts (Garlic, ginger, kalonji and mint) against H. pylori was tested by agar well-diffusion method. All herbal extracts showed more sensitivity extracted in ethanol as compared to distilled water. In contrast mint did not give any results. Ethanol extracts are found to be very effective against H. pylori as compared to distilled water extracts. Conclusion: Garlic, ginger, and kalonji all demonstrated antibacterial property towards H. pylori. Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, Antimicrobial Sensitivity, Plant Extracts, Inhibition Zone
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    URL: Issue
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs22161
    DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs2216
    DOI: 10.53350/pjmhs22161311
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Lahore Medical and Dental College
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 7
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    Genomic profiling of esophagogastric (EG) tumors in clinical practice.
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 33, No. 3_suppl ( 2015-01-20), p. 57-57
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 33, No. 3_suppl ( 2015-01-20), p. 57-57
    Abstract: 57 Background: Esophagogastric (EG) cancer is a phenotypically heterogeneous disease. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) identified four distinct subsets: 1) Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) tumors with PIK3CA mutations, PD-L1/2 amplification (amp), 2) Tumors with Microsatellite instability (MSI-H), 3) chromosomally unstable (CIN) tumors with frequent amplifications, 4) chromosomally stable/diffuse type tumors with RHOA mutations. We explore the utility/feasibility of genomic profiling of EG tumors in routine clinical practice. Methods: Patients (pts) with metastatic EG adenocarcinoma undergoing treatment at MSKCC were consented for molecular testing under institutional protocol. Archival formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples were analyzed using an on-site 341 cancer-associated gene bait capture, next generation sequencing (NGS) assay. Results: Of 70 analyzed EG tumors, 66 (94%) harbored at least one genomic alteration, the most frequent being TP53 mutations (77%), HER2 amp (30%) and EGFR amp (10%). Alterations in PI3K/AKT/mTOR (9%) and G1-S1 cell cycle regulators (CDK12 (11%), CDKN2A (10%)) were also observed. A comparison with the TCGA results revealed an over-representation of the CIN subtype (65% vs 50% in TCGA). We found very few EBV or MSI tumors (3% each), with the remaining 29% being chromosomally stable. Data is reported in the clinical medical record and maintained in the MSKCC-internal cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics ( http://cbioportal.org ) (Gao, et al.). The portal is a web resource for exploring, visualizing, and analyzing multidimensional cancer genomics data and when available, to link these data to therapeutic interventions and clinical outcomes. Conclusions: CIN tumors with frequent amplifications represent majority of metastatic EG cancer at our institution. Optimal development of target-specific therapy for EG tumors will require genomic characterization. Comprehensive molecular profiling is feasible in routine clinical practice and has created a roadmap for pt stratification and genome-guided trial development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.33.3_suppl.57
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 8
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    A phase II study of afatinib in patients (pts) with metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-positive trastuzumab refractory esophagogastric (EG) cancer.
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 33, No. 3_suppl ( 2015-01-20), p. 59-59
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 33, No. 3_suppl ( 2015-01-20), p. 59-59
    Abstract: 59 Background: Trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy is the standard of care for pts with HER2+ EG cancer. Resistance to trastuzumab clearly emerges in this population. Afatinib, a potent ErbB Family Blocker, induced tumor regression in MSKCC HER2+ patient derived xenografts (PDX). This study assesses safety and preliminary efficacy of afatinib in patients with trastuzumab refractory EG cancer. Methods: Pts with HER2+ (IHC 3+ or FISH 〉 2.0) EG adenocarcinoma, after progression on trastuzumab, received oral afatinib 40 mg daily. Archival pre-trastuzumab tissue, tumor biopsy after progression on trastuzumab and after 1 week on afatinib is mandated on protocol for next generation sequencing (NGS), proteomics and establishment of PDX. The primary endpoint-overall clinical benefit at 4 months: stable disease (SD) or partial response (PR). Results: 20 pts treated with afatinib; median age 61, KPS 80; median 2 (1 to 4) prior trastuzumab regimens, 67% of tumors IHC3+; 33% IHC2+/FISH 〉 2.0. Common adverse events included: rash or dry skin (Grade 1/2:80%), diarrhea (Grade 1/2:60%), nausea/vomiting (grade 1/2:40%) fatigue (grade1/2: 25%). To date, 19 pts evaluable for response, 2 PRs and 6 SD, 42% disease stabilization rate (PR+SD) at 4months (4 to 13 mos). PDXs established from biopsies of 7 pts. EGFR amplification was detected in the tumor of 2 pts with PRs and 1 of 6 pts with SD. Recurrent PIK3CA, ERBB3 and MTORmutations were observed. Conclusions: Afatinib shows clinical efficacy and is well tolerated in patients with trastuzumab refractory, heavily pretreated EG cancer. Enrollment has now begun in an afatinib + trastuzumab cohort. Efforts to elucidate the mechanisms of trastuzumab resistance including validation of potential drivers of trastuzumab resistance using HER2+ PDXs are ongoing. Updated molecular and clinical data will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT01522768.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.33.3_suppl.59
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 9
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    A phase II study of afatinib in patients (pts) with metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-positive trastuzumab-refractory esophagogastric (EG) cancer.
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 32, No. 3_suppl ( 2014-01-20), p. 52-52
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 32, No. 3_suppl ( 2014-01-20), p. 52-52
    Abstract: 52 Background: Trastuzumab (T) combined with chemotherapy has been the standard of care for pts with HER2+ EG cancer. Resistance to T is now emerging in this population. Afatinib (A), a potent ErbB Family Blocker, induced nearly complete tumor regression in MSKCC HER2+ patient derived xenografts (PDX). We report the initial results of a phase II study of afatinib in patients with T refractory EG cancer. Methods: Pts with HER2+ (IHC 3+ or FISH 〉 2.0) EG adenocarcinoma –progressive on trastuzumab -received A 40 mg. Archival pre-T tissue, tumor biopsy after progression on T and after 1 week on A mandated on protocol. The primary endpoint-overall clinical benefit at 4 months: stable disease (SD) or partial response (PR). Results: 14 pts treated with A; median duration 5.1 mos (1.7 to 12.1 mos). Median age 62, KPS 80, median 2 (1 to 4) prior T containing regimens, 64% of tumors IHC3+; 36% IHC2+/FISH 〉 2.2. Adverse events included: diarrhea (Grade 1/2:69%), fatigue (Grade 1/2:54%), rash (Grade 1/2:54%), mucositis (Grade 1:23%), paronychia (Grade 1/2:15%). To date, 13 pts evaluable for response, 3 of 13 pts (23%) had disease stabilization (PR or SD); 1 pt with confirmed PR - a durable 75% regression of biopsy proven metastases. Median OS 6.6 mos (1.9 to NR). PDXs established from biopsies of T refractory tumors of 5 pts. Next generation sequencing of matched pre-T and post-T progression tumors from 6 pts was performed and results will be reported. Conclusions: Afatinib shows clinical efficacy in patients with T refractory EG cancer. The study has been expanded to accrue additional patients. Efforts to elucidate the mechanisms of T resistance including validation of potential drivers of T resistance using HER2+ PDXs are ongoing. Updated molecular and clinical data will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT01522768.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.32.3_suppl.52
    RVK:
    XA 52760
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 10
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    Incidence And Management of Complications Associated with Myocardial Infarction : Incidence and Management of Complications Associated With Myocardial Infarction
    CrossLinks International Publishers ; 2022
    In:  Pakistan BioMedical Journal ( 2022-06-30), p. 10-16
    Details
    In: Pakistan BioMedical Journal, CrossLinks International Publishers, ( 2022-06-30), p. 10-16
    Abstract: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality all around the world. Incidence of the complications of myocardial infarction (MI) had decreased to less than 1% since invention of the percutaneous coronary intervention, although the mortality results from myocardial infarction had decreased in recent years, however the burden of this disease have not ceased. Modern treatment of MI is basically built on any of the clinical evidences that are based on many of the studies that have been studied from previous thirty years. Clinical practice’s evolution had significantly decreased morbidity or mortality linked by this disorder. Severe complications of the myocardial infarction include cardiogenic shock, inferior myocardial infarction, pericarditis and noteworthy right ventricular infarction. These complications are very rare; however, their reputation is neglected for the possible failure to manage early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Inferior wall myocardial infarction accounts for 40- 50% of all the myocardial infarctions and are mostly seen as having a more promising diagnosis than the anterior wall infarctions. Pericarditis is the common disorder and a complication that arises after the myocardial infarction and has multiple causes. This is present in many secondary care and primary care settings. Frequently pericarditis has been often self-restricted, and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDS) remains treatment of first line in the simple cases. Pharmacological management of complications includes beta blockers, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Antiplatelet Agents, and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2709-2798 , 2709-278X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.54393/pbmj.v5i6
    DOI: 10.54393/pbmj.v5i6.555
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: CrossLinks International Publishers
    Publication Date: 2022
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