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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance
    In: Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, SAGE Publications
    Abstract: Our research empirically examines the relationship between tax avoidance and the likelihood of incurring a tax-related restatement, as well as the effects tax restatements have on future tax avoidance behavior. We predict and find that the association between tax avoidance and the likelihood of a tax-related restatement is nonlinear. Specifically, both relatively high levels and relatively low levels of tax avoidance compared to peer firms increase the likelihood of incurring a tax-related restatement. We consider whether the increased likelihood for high avoiders is attributable to obfuscation necessary to escape detection of tax avoidance or weak corporate governance. For high avoiders, we find evidence that both obfuscation and weak corporate governance may contribute to the likelihood of a tax-related restatement. As low avoiders should not need to obfuscate, we focus on corporate governance and find an increased likelihood when governance is weak. In response to a tax-related restatement announcement, we document a decline in tax avoidance for firms that have relatively high tax avoidance prior to the restatement announcement. We attribute this to the increased level of Internal Revenue Service (IRS) monitoring and strengthening of corporate governance that we observe post-restatement announcement. In contrast, we do not find evidence that low avoidance firms alter their tax avoidance after a tax-related restatement announcement, consistent with our finding that corporate governance does not improve post-restatement for low avoiders.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-558X , 2160-4061
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2067574-4
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Accounting Association ; 2018
    In:  Journal of the American Taxation Association Vol. 40, No. 1 ( 2018-03-01), p. 1-29
    In: Journal of the American Taxation Association, American Accounting Association, Vol. 40, No. 1 ( 2018-03-01), p. 1-29
    Abstract: Due to the proprietary nature of tax returns, the tax footnote is the primary source of information for stakeholders about a firm's tax position. However, studies suggest the tax authority acquires information in tax disclosures, creating a trade-off for managers on whether to provide decision-useful information for stakeholders or conceal information from the tax authority. We investigate this trade-off by examining the readability of tax footnotes. We find a positive association between tax avoidance and tax footnote readability for firms with tax avoidance below the industry-year median, consistent with managers highlighting good performance in the form of tax savings with straightforward disclosures. In contrast, we find a negative association between tax avoidance and tax footnote readability for firms with levels of tax avoidance above the industry-year median, consistent with managers concealing tax avoidance from the tax authority. Reinforcing these results, we find that investors place a premium (discount) on tax avoidance when the tax footnote is straightforward in firms with tax avoidance below (above) the industry-year median.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1558-8017 , 0198-9073
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Accounting Association
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094578-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Accounting Association ; 2023
    In:  The Journal of the American Taxation Association ( 2023-09-01), p. 1-30
    In: The Journal of the American Taxation Association, American Accounting Association, ( 2023-09-01), p. 1-30
    Abstract: This study explores how and why firms voluntarily discuss taxes in corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports. Using a textual analysis approach, we analyze 2,984 CSR reports from 22 countries to identify tax disclosures, including instances of firms explicitly relating taxes to CSR (“socially responsible tax disclosures”). We find that on average firms provide limited tax information and tend to use disclosures portraying tax payments as beneficial for society rather than presenting strategies to ensure socially responsible tax behavior. When examining possible influences on firms’ disclosure decisions, we find robust evidence of a negative association between socially responsible tax disclosures and environmental performance, consistent with firms using the disclosures to build or repair reputational capital. We also find some evidence of a positive association between socially responsible tax disclosures and tax avoidance, particularly among U.S. firms. Our results should be useful for standard setters and readers of CSR reports. Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text. JEL Classifications: M41; H26; M14.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0198-9073 , 1558-8017
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Accounting Association
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094578-4
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Accounting Association ; 2013
    In:  Issues in Accounting Education Vol. 28, No. 4 ( 2013-11-01), p. 975-978
    In: Issues in Accounting Education, American Accounting Association, Vol. 28, No. 4 ( 2013-11-01), p. 975-978
    Abstract: The Loaded Leprechaun is a brewery/restaurant with locations around the U.S. At the end of their meal, patrons have the option to participate in the popular “Dollar Holler” tradition, wherein they personalize a dollar bill and staple it to a surface in the restaurant. The case requires students to address the legal, financial accounting, tax, and auditing issues arising from this tradition. The modular nature of the case allows the instructor to assign individual topics or the entire case, depending on the nature of the class. As students complete the case, they are exposed to an unusual, but realistic, scenario requiring them to think critically about the underlying accounting issues and conduct professional research. In addition, implementation of the case does not require a significant investment of effort on the part of the instructor.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0739-3172 , 1558-7983
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Accounting Association
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2068538-5
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Accounting Association ; 2021
    In:  The Accounting Review Vol. 96, No. 4 ( 2021-07-01), p. 51-79
    In: The Accounting Review, American Accounting Association, Vol. 96, No. 4 ( 2021-07-01), p. 51-79
    Abstract: This research examines spillover effects of tax avoidance on peers' firm value using the setting of the European Commission's state aid investigations of private letter rulings. We assume that news about a firm's tax avoidance strategies also reveals information about peers' tax avoidance because investors expect similar firms to use similar strategies. Based on an event study design, we show that news about potential costs of tax avoidance of targeted U.S. multinational firms leads to negative stock price reactions among their peers. Moreover, peers' investors adjust their evaluations upward for news in favor of the targeted firms. Consistent with the level of tax avoidance being indicative of having similar strategies, spillover effects are stronger for firms with the highest levels of tax avoidance when examining a broad set of peers. Our findings suggest the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the costs and benefits of tax avoidance. Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text. JEL Classifications: G32; H25; H26.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1558-7967 , 0001-4826
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Accounting Association
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 210224-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2064580-6
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Accounting Association ; 2022
    In:  The ATA Journal of Legal Tax Research Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2022-09-01), p. 1-29
    In: The ATA Journal of Legal Tax Research, American Accounting Association, Vol. 20, No. 1 ( 2022-09-01), p. 1-29
    Abstract: An incentive exists for closely held C corporations to pay owner-employees higher salaries and lower dividends to avoid the double tax on corporate income. For this reason, the Internal Revenue Code and Treasury Regulations limit corporate compensation deductions to “reasonable compensation”; however, primary tax authorities do not provide a standard definition, leaving the courts to determine what is reasonable and what is not. The courts have generally followed two approaches: a multi-factor test and an independent investor test. We provide an in-depth exploration of reasonable compensation case law with a focus on disparity within and across court circuits. We supplement this exploration with an analysis of whether multi-factor determined court outcomes would have changed under the independent investor test. Overall, our findings show disparity in reasonable compensation court determinations within and across circuits and highlight the need for a consistent standard to create tax equity in employee-shareholder compensation practices.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1543-866X
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Accounting Association
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2193184-7
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Accounting Association ; 2014
    In:  Journal of the American Taxation Association Vol. 36, No. 1 ( 2014-04-01), p. 27-55
    In: Journal of the American Taxation Association, American Accounting Association, Vol. 36, No. 1 ( 2014-04-01), p. 27-55
    Abstract: This paper examines the relative valuation of alternative methods of tax avoidance. Prior studies find that firm value is positively associated with overall tax avoidance; I provide evidence that investors distinguish between methods of tax reduction in their valuation of tax avoidance. My analyses suggest that the impact of tax avoidance on firm value varies with tax risk, permanence of tax savings, tax planning costs, implicit taxes, and contrasts in disclosures of tax reduction in the financial statements. Tax avoidance resulting from stock option deductions is positively associated with firm value, accelerated depreciation is not associated with firm value, and deferral of residual U.S. tax on foreign earnings is negatively associated with firm value. The discount on tax avoidance generated by residual tax deferral is limited to firms with a presence in a tax haven and to tax avoidance revealed to investors through disclosure of the estimated residual tax.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0198-9073 , 1558-8017
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Accounting Association
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094578-4
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Accounting Association ; 2021
    In:  Issues in Accounting Education Vol. 36, No. 1 ( 2021-02-01), p. 57-64
    In: Issues in Accounting Education, American Accounting Association, Vol. 36, No. 1 ( 2021-02-01), p. 57-64
    Abstract: This tax research case introduces students to virtual currency taxation issues, which are increasingly important in the global economy. The setting provides an overarching story with three inter-related taxpayers and a variety of transactions—miner, short-term investor, and long-term investor—thus, allowing instructors to assign individuals or groups to one or more scenarios. There is limited primary authority on virtual currency, leading students to relate the virtual currency transactions to existing primary authority. The case learning objectives are: (1) critical thinking, (2) technical knowledge, (3) tax research proficiency, and (4) written communication skills. Students identify relevant tax-related issues, conduct tax research, and prepare a research memorandum that summarizes their findings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1558-7983 , 0739-3172
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Accounting Association
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2068538-5
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Accounting Association ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Management Accounting Research Vol. 31, No. 2 ( 2019-06-01), p. 75-94
    In: Journal of Management Accounting Research, American Accounting Association, Vol. 31, No. 2 ( 2019-06-01), p. 75-94
    Abstract: In this study, we examine the effects of tax avoidance and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities on equity market valuation. Economic theory suggests that managers should avoid taxes through any legal means (Friedman 1970), and that CSR activities are of value to the extent that shareholder wealth is maximized (Hales, Matsumura, Moser, and Payne 2016). We hypothesize that while equity market participants may positively value both CSR and tax avoidance, these two actions are viewed as inconsistent with one another when engaged upon contemporaneously, where increased activity of one diminishes the value of the other. Results, using a sample of U.S. public firms during years 2000–2013, support our expectation and show a negative interaction between CSR and tax avoidance. A series of robustness checks provide additional evidence consistent with investors viewing CSR and tax avoidance as contradictory. JEL Classifications: G32; M41; M49; M410. Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1049-2127 , 1558-8033
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Accounting Association
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2069727-2
    SSG: 3,2
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Accounting Association ; 2017
    In:  Issues in Accounting Education Vol. 32, No. 4 ( 2017-11-01), p. 81-99
    In: Issues in Accounting Education, American Accounting Association, Vol. 32, No. 4 ( 2017-11-01), p. 81-99
    Abstract: “The Not So Pokey Hokies” is a running club comprised of runners based on real people who participate in a wide range of running activities including charitable race participation, not-for-profit running organization management, nationally competitive racing, pacing, competitive team membership, coaching, and collegiate sports. This case requires students to identify tax issues related to the running club members' running activities and address the issues using tax research skills. Each runner in the case is based on a real person and is presented as a separate scenario with some common concepts across the scenarios. Specific concepts included are hobby versus for-profit activity classification, independent contractor versus employee role classification, income recognition, expense deductibility, charitable contribution deductions, and athletic scholarship taxation. The modular nature of the case allows the instructor to assign specific tax issues or entire scenarios, depending on the nature of the class. As the students complete the case, they are required to use critical thinking to identify and build tax research skills to address the issues. In addition, students gain technical knowledge through exposure to a variety of tax concepts and written communication skills through completion of a written analysis of the case.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1558-7983 , 0739-3172
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Accounting Association
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2068538-5
    SSG: 3,2
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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