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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Hematological Profiles in Hemoglobinopathy Patients in South Western Nepal
    Nepal Journals Online (JOL) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-07-02), p. 27-32
    Details
    In: Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-07-02), p. 27-32
    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Homozygous inheritance of the hemoglobin results in sickle cell anemia (SCA), heterozygous inheritance results in sickle cell trait (SCT). Sickle cell anemia and β-thalasemia (β-TT) have been a major health threat for the tharu living in the South-Western Terai of  Nepal. This study is carried out to apply and optimise the phenotypic method and haematological profile to characterise the SCT, SCA and β-TT from suspected tharu community dwellers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We enrolled 100 suspected cases of hemoglobinopathies of 12-14 years children and ≥15 years adults tharu community dwellers from Dang, Kapilvastu, Nepalgunj, Rupandehi and Nawalparasi of South-Western Nepal from May 2018 to November 2018. Five mililitre of blood was collected in EDTA vial and transported to the laboratory maintaining cold chain. The hematological profile was recorded after investigations. The hemolysate from blood samples were subjected to phenotypic testing by adopting cellulose acetate electrophoresis at pH 8.6. RESULTS: Our result showed the commonest hemoglobinopathy was SCT (38%) followed by β-TT (21%) and SCA (5%). Males were more affected with SCA (60%) while that of females were most affected with β-TT (57.1%). Only 44.7% females were affected with SCT while 42.9% males were affected with β-TT. The significant difference in mean was observed in Hb level (p=0.0001), RBC (p=0.004), MCHC (p=0.015) and RDW (p=0.028) whereas the non-significant difference in mean was observed for glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) level (p=0.063) in hemoglobinopathy patients. CONCLUSION: Most cases develop severe type of anemia as shown by change in hematological parameters. This information could advocate for timely counselling before constellation of associated condition appeared in hemoglobinopathy patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2350-8582 , 2091-2846
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/jucms.v8i1.29813
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    MECONIUM AND URINARY PATTERNS OF HEALTHY TERM NEWBORNS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF WESTERN NEPAL- A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
    Nepal Journals Online (JOL) ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2018-11-20), p. 8-10
    Details
    In: Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2018-11-20), p. 8-10
    Abstract: Introduction: The time of passage   of the newborn's   first meconium/stool    is an indicator of health and is used to screen for normal gastrointestinal   tract function. Most newborns urinate after birth, and this is an indication of normal renal function.  The aim of this study is to investigate   the meconium/stool and urinary patterns of healthy neonates so that it will help us to know the average time of passing meconium and Urine in newborns.Materials and Methods: A hospital based observational   study was conducted for a period of one year in healthy term newborns delivered at UCMS-TH, a tertiary care hospital in western Nepal.  Newborns with a gestational age of ≥ 37 weeks delivered by normal vaginal delivery or cesarean section were included. The newborns were fed either breast milk exclusively or a combination of breast milk and formula.  The frequency of meconium/stool and urine passage was recorded throughout their hospital stay with their timings.  Babies with congenital anomalies were excluded from the study (like imperforate anus, cleft lip and palate and spina bifida, colloidal baby).Results: Out of 1050 delivered babies,  5 were  excluded  from final analysis  as they did not meet the inclusion  criteria. The study showed  that  majority   (97.8%)  of newborns   passed  meconium   within 24 hours  of  life  while  only  2%  babies passed meconium  after  1st day (24 hours-48  hours)  suggesting  that majority  of newborns   pass stool within  48 hours of life. Also, the study showed  that majority (99.8%)  of babies  passed  urine within  first 12 hours while  only 0.2 % babies passed  urine between  13-24 hours suggesting  that most babies passed urine within first 12 hours. Conclusions: It was observed  in study that average  time of passage  of meconium  in most of the babies were before 48 hours and passage of urine  within  12 hours.Journal of Universal College of Medical ScienceVol. 6, No. 1, 2018, page: 8-10
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2350-8582 , 2091-2846
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/jucms.v6i1.21658
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Clinical Profile and Role of Septic Screen in Early Onset Sepsis in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Nepal - A Prospective Observational Study
    Nepal Journals Online (JOL) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-07-02), p. 14-18
    Details
    In: Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2020-07-02), p. 14-18
    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Neonatal sepsis is an important cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity with wide range of clinical manifestations. This study was aimed to study the clinical characteristics of sepsis along with the role of septic screen for early diagnosis of septicemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective observational hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in 113 screen positive newborns over a 12-month period at Universal College of Medical Sciences, Teaching Hospital Bhairahawa, Nepal. RESULTS: Out of 489 cases admitted to the NICU during the study period, 113 babies with screen positive sepsis were included in the study. Poor feeding (46%, n=52), respiratory distress (38.9%, n=44) and lethargy (30.1%, n=34) were top three clinical presentations in neonates with sepsis followed by seizures, jaundice, vomiting, fever and hypothermia respectively. 57.5% (n=65) of clinical sepsis cases enrolled had culture positivity with staphylococcus aureus in 41.5% (n=27) and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CONS) in 27.7% (n=18).  Klebsiella was the third common organism isolated in blood culture (23.1%, n=15). The sensitivities and specificities of two-test and three-test combinations in proven sepsis was calculated. Two-test combinations showed sensitivities between 33-100% and specificities between 30-90% whereas three-test combinations showed the sensitivities and specificities between 60-100% and 20-90% respectively. CONCLUSION: Poor feeding, respiratory distress and lethargy were common presentations in early onset neonatal sepsis. Three-test combination of septic screen had no overall advantage over two-test combination in the present study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2350-8582 , 2091-2846
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/jucms.v8i1.29826
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Sheath Structure in Oxygen Plasma for Different Presheath Plasma Density
    Nepal Journals Online (JOL) ; 2011
    In:  Himalayan Physics Vol. 1 ( 2011-07-27), p. 10-13
    Details
    In: Himalayan Physics, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 1 ( 2011-07-27), p. 10-13
    Abstract: Zinc oxide films are used as transparent conductive electrode for preparing organic light-emitting devices. In plasma-enhanced vapor deposition oxygen plasma is formed which then react with zinc atoms forming zinc oxide plasma, which is then deposited to the substrate. Hence, the proper understanding of the oxygen plasma-wall interaction is of crucial importance because of its application in plasma depositions. We have studied the sheath structure in oxygen plasma formed in front of an absorbing material wall for different density at the presheath side. We have used a kinetic trajectory simulation model to simulate the oxygen plasma. It has been observed that the sheath structure is highly affected by the plasma density at the presheath side. Hence, the densities of particles reaching the wall can be controlled by adjusting the presheath plasma density which is the key to thin film deposition.Keywords: Plasma; Sheath; Presheath; Quasineutrality; Bohm criterionThe Himalayan Physics Vol.1, No.1, May, 2010Page: 10-13Uploaded Date: 28 July, 2011
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2542-2545
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/hj.v1i0.5164
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Breast Feeding and Weight Loss Pattern in Term Neonates During First 72 Hours of Life: A Cross Sectional Observational Study
    Nepal Journals Online (JOL) ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2018-12-03), p. 3-6
    Details
    In: Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, Nepal Journals Online (JOL), Vol. 6, No. 2 ( 2018-12-03), p. 3-6
    Abstract: Introduction: Healthy, full term, exclusively breastfed infants are expected to lose weight in the first days following birth. There are conflicting opinions about what constitutes a normal neonatal weight loss. This study was conducted to establish the reference weight loss pattern in exclusively breastfed neonates.  Materials and methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital of western Nepal for a period of 12 months. All babies delivered were recruited. Newborns with birthweight of 〉 2500 grams without any congenital anomalies and Apgar score 〉 7/10 were finally included for analysis. Breast feeding was started as soon as possible and all newborns were fed within 6 hours of life. If breast feeding was not possible within first 2 hours of life, expressed breast milk (EBM) or formula feeding was initiated as recommended. Data was analyzed showing distribution and frequency of various parameters like initiation of breastfeeding, weight of babies at different time intervals and weight loss patterns.  Results: Out of 1000 babies subjected to analysis, majority were males (n= 517, 51.7%). The average time of initiation of breast feeding was less than 6 hours. The weight loss pattern in babies was 7.1% at 72 hours of life.  Conclusion: Breast feeding was initiated as soon as possible in all healthy term neonates. The average weight loss pattern in all term healthy newborns were almost similar.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2350-8582 , 2091-2846
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3126/jucms.v6i2.22467
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Incidence, Clinical Signs and Co-morbidities of Feeding Intolerance among Preterm Infants Aged 28-34 Weeks of Gestation in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Nepal- A Prospective Observational Study
    JCDR Research and Publications ; 2021
    In:  JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ( 2021)
    Details
    In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, JCDR Research and Publications, ( 2021)
    Abstract: Introduction: Feeding intolerance is common among the preterm neonates and is associated with different co-morbidities like respiratory depression, respiratory distress syndrome, apnea, hyperbilirubinaemia, and hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. Aim: To find the incidence of feeding intolerance in preterm neonates from 28-34 weeks of gestation along with the clinical signs and co-morbidities associated with feeding intolerance. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational hospital based study was conducted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and postnatal ward of Universal College of Medical Sciences, a tertiary care hospital situated in western Nepal for 12 months (June 2018 to May 2019). All admitted preterm neonates between 28-34 weeks of gestation were included in the study and were followed-up for any neonatal morbidities along with feeding intolerance. Feeding intolerance was defined when the newborn had vomiting and/or abdominal distension and/or increased gastric residual volume with normal disruption of feeding process. Babies with feeding intolerance were subjected to final analysis for clinical signs and co-morbidities. Results: Out of 490 admitted preterm babies (28-34 weeks), 54 (11.02%) had feeding intolerance with 33 (61.1%) babies in the very low birth weight group. The mean birth weights of the total enrolled babies (n=490) and feed intolerant (n=54) babies were 1550 gm and 1418 gm, respectively. Different co- morbidities associated with feeding intolerance were respiratory distress (25.9%), respiratory distress syndrome (22.2%), jaundice (16.7%), apnea (5.6%) and necrotising enterocolitis (3.7%). Among the total 37 preterm deaths, four babies were in the feeding intolerance group. Majority of all feed intolerant babies had vomiting 49 (90.7%) followed by gastric residue (57.4%), abdominal distension (55.6%), and reduced or absent bowel sounds (7.4%), respectively. The incidence of feeding intolerance was increased in babies fed with formula feed (p=0.46) and when feeding was started 〈 24 hours (p=0.22) but the results were statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The incidence of feeding intolerance was 11.02% in the preterm neonates (28-34 weeks) with high proportion in very low birth weight babies. Vomiting, gastric residue and abdominal distension were three important signs of feeding intolerance in newborns.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2249-782X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2021/49172.15228
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: JCDR Research and Publications
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2775283-5
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