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  • 1
    In: Veterinary Surgery, Wiley, Vol. 39, No. 5 ( 2010-06-18), p. 535-544
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0161-3499 , 1532-950X
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491071-8
    SSG: 22
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  • 2
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2021-04-08)
    Abstract: The main objective of this pilot clinical trial was to evaluate outcome measures for the assessment of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) robenacoxib in cats with degenerative joint disease-associated pain (DJD-pain). Otherwise healthy cats (n = 109) with DJD-pain entered a parallel group, randomized, blinded clinical trial. Cats received placebo (P) or robenacoxib (R) for two consecutive 3-week periods. Treatment groups were PP, RR, and RP. Actimetry and owner-assessment data were collected. Data were analyzed using mixed-effects and generalized mixed-effects linear models. Activity data showed high within-cat and between-cat variability, and 82.4% of the values were zero. Compared to placebo, mean total activity was higher (5.7%) in robenacoxib-treated cats (p = 0.24); for the 80th percentile of activity, more robenacoxib-treated cats had a  〉  10% increase in activity after 3 (p = 0.046) and 6 weeks (p = 0.026). Robenacoxib treatment significantly decreased owner-assessed disability, (p = 0.01; 49% reduction in disability; effect size ~ 0.3), and improved temperament (p = 0.0039) and happiness (p = 0.021) after 6 weeks. More robenacoxib-treated cats were successes at 6 weeks (p = 0.018; NNT: 3.8). Adverse effect frequencies were similar across groups. Results identified suitable endpoints for confirmatory studies, while also indicating efficacy of robenacoxib in cats with DJD-pain.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 3
    In: Veterinary and Comparative Oncology, Wiley, Vol. 18, No. 1 ( 2020-03), p. 64-75
    Abstract: Since William Coley utilized bacterial immunotherapy to treat sarcomas in the late 19th century, an association between infection and improved survival has been reported for human and canine osteosarcoma patients. One of the reasons for this improved survival is likely a reactivation of the host immune system towards an inflammatory anti‐tumour response, and one of the key players is the macrophage. Yet, despite their importance, the response of macrophages to infectious agents in the context of osteosarcoma has not been thoroughly evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate how in vitro exposure to a bacterial agent ( Staphylococcus aureus ) influenced canine and human macrophage differentiation in the presence of osteosarcoma. Our hypothesis was that S. aureus would, in the presence of osteosarcoma, induce a macrophage phenotype with significantly increased inflammatory signatures. Consistent with our hypothesis, human macrophages co‐cultured with osteosarcoma and S. aureus exhibited increased IFN‐γ, TNF‐α and IL‐12p70 cytokine secretion, decreased TGF‐β cytokine secretion and increased mRNA expression of TNF‐α when compared with macrophages co‐cultured with osteosarcoma and to macrophages cultured alone. Canine macrophages similarly exhibited increased IFN‐γ and TNF‐α cytokine secretion, decreased TGF‐β cytokine secretion, increased mRNA expression of TNF‐α and increased surface receptor expression of CD80 when co‐cultured with osteosarcoma and S. aureus . Collectively, the findings of this study suggest that infection upregulates the inflammatory immune response to counteract osteosarcoma‐induced immune suppression. This work informs a potential therapeutic strategy to optimize inflammatory stimuli for triggering an anti‐osteosarcoma macrophage response.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1476-5810 , 1476-5829
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2129634-0
    SSG: 22
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) ; 2015
    In:  American Journal of Veterinary Research Vol. 76, No. 11 ( 2015-11), p. 931-938
    In: American Journal of Veterinary Research, American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), Vol. 76, No. 11 ( 2015-11), p. 931-938
    Abstract: OBJECTIVE To assess intraobserver repeatability and interobserver and in vivo versus photographic agreement of a scoring system for the implant-skin interface (ISI) of external skeletal fixation (ESF). SAMPLE 42 photographs of ISIs from 18 dogs for interobserver agreement and intraobserver repeatability and 27 photographs of ISIs from 6 dogs for in vivo versus photograph agreement. PROCEDURES An ISI inflammation scoring system was developed. It included scales for 6 metrics (erythema, drainage amount, drainage type, swelling, hair loss or lack of hair regrowth, and granulation tissue). Photographs of the ISI of ESF were obtained by use of a standard protocol and evaluated to determine intraobserver repeatability and interobserver agreement (Cronbach α; 4 raters) of the ISI score. Agreement between in vivo and photographic ISI scores (2 raters) and correlation between median scores across metrics were evaluated. RESULTS 42 photographs met the inclusion criteria. Overall intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.922 to 0.975. Interobserver overall Cronbach α ranged from 0.835 to 0.943. For in vivo versus photographic assessment, 27 ISIs in 6 dogs and their photographs were evaluated. The Cronbach α for both raters ranged from 0.614 to 0.938. Overall, the Cronbach α ranged from 0.725 to 0.932. Mean photographic scores were greater than mean in vivo scores for each metric. Pearson correlation coefficients ranged from 0.221 to 0.923. Erythema, swelling, and granulation were correlated with all other metrics. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this study, an ISI scoring system used in this study had high repeatability and agreement and may therefore be considered for use in clinical situations. Photographic scores were not equivalent to in vivo scores and should not be used interchangeably.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0002-9645
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2056942-7
    SSG: 22
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SAGE Publications ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2022-02), p. 142-151
    In: Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, SAGE Publications, Vol. 24, No. 2 ( 2022-02), p. 142-151
    Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and responsiveness of the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index (FMPI) using the collective results of multiple clinical studies and iteratively refine the FMPI for future use. Methods Data were compiled from previously conducted studies involving client-owned cats with degenerative joint disease (DJD) and which used the FMPI. The reliability of the FMPI was assessed using the data from the initial visits of those studies. For the assessment of responsiveness of the FMPI, only placebo-controlled studies that used analgesic treatments were included. Treatment groups from each study were combined and categorized as ‘placebo’ group and ‘analgesic’ group. Then, the mean change from baseline in score of each FMPI item and across all items within and between these groups were assessed. Based on the results of the reliability and responsiveness of the FMPI, stepwise elimination was used to remove the items that were least able to distinguish between the placebo and analgesic groups. Finally, after the stepwise elimination, a proposed new FMPI-short form (FMPI-sf) was constructed and its reliability was reassessed using the data sets described above. Individual and combined data sets of the studies were also used to compare the responsiveness of the original FMPI and the FMPI-sf. Results The data from 180 cats from four studies were included. The original FMPI had a reasonable reliability, but low/no responsiveness. The elimination process of FMPI items refined the responsiveness of the instrument while maintaining its reliability. When the responsiveness was compared between the original FMPI (17 items) and the FMPI-sf (nine items), the treatment effect between groups was always greater when the FMPI-sf was used. Conclusions and relevance The proposed FMPI-sf may be able to better distinguish between placebo and analgesic effects in cats with DJD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1098-612X , 1532-2750
    Language: English
    Publisher: SAGE Publications
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2049047-1
    SSG: 22
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  • 6
    In: Veterinary Surgery, Wiley, Vol. 47, No. 8 ( 2018-11), p. 1021-1030
    Abstract: To evaluate the effects of nanoparticle hyperthermia therapy on monocyte function and tumor‐derived factors associated with macrophage polarization in a murine osteosarcoma model. Study design Experimental study. Animals Female C3H mice. Methods Peripheral blood monocyte cell surface phenotype, monocyte chemotaxis, tumor messenger RNA expression, and survival were compared among osteosarcoma (OS)‐bearing mice treated with nanoparticle hyperthermia therapy, OS‐bearing mice with osteomyelitis, OS‐bearing mice, vehicle control mice, and normal control mice. Results OS‐bearing mice with osteomyelitis had a higher proportion of “nonclassical” monocytes (Ly6C lo ) compared with all other experimental groups. There were alterations in monocyte expression of multiple chemokine receptors among experimental groups including CXCR2, CCR2, and CXCR4. Monocytes from OS‐bearing mice treated with hyperthermia therapy exhibited greater chemotaxis compared with monocytes from OS‐bearing mice with osteomyelitis. Conclusion OS likely induced alterations in monocyte phenotype and function. Nanoparticle hyperthermia therapy increased in vitro monocyte chemotaxis. Clinical impact Enhancing monocyte/macrophage function in dogs with OS may enhance antitumor immunity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0161-3499 , 1532-950X
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491071-8
    SSG: 22
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  • 7
    In: Radiation Research, Radiation Research Society, Vol. 196, No. 4 ( 2021-7-29)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-7587
    RVK:
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Radiation Research Society
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2135113-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 80322-4
    SSG: 11
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  • 8
    In: Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound, Wiley, Vol. 62, No. 2 ( 2021-03), p. 255-263
    Abstract: Radiation‐induced acute oral mucositis is associated with inflammation and pain. In other realms of pain research, nociceptors are known to be activated by inflammatory cytokines; for example, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) can activate transient receptor potential ion channels on sensory neurons. But there is an unclear relationship between inflammatory cytokines and molecular mediators of pain in radiation‐induced mucositis (RIM) and radiation‐associated pain (RAP). In this prospective, analytical, experimental pilot study, a common drug (pentoxifylline [PTX] ) was used with the goal of inhibiting TNF‐α signaling in mice that underwent lingual irradiation to induce severe acute oral RIM/RAP. Body weight and glossitis scores were recorded daily. Eye wiping behaviors were assayed as a surrogate measure of oral discomfort (which is possible due to cross‐sensitization of the mandibular and ophthalmic branches of the trigeminal nerve). Quantitative real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed on irradiated tongue tissue to measure changes in expression of TNF‐α, its receptor, nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4). Responsiveness of afferent sensory trigeminal neurons to TNF‐α, a TRPV1 agonist (capsaicin), and a partial TRPV4 agonist (histamine) was measured via calcium imaging. Although PTX treatment did not reduce glossitis severity or mitigate weight loss in mice with RIM/RAP, it did inhibit the upregulation of TNF‐α’s receptor that normally accompanies RIM, and it also reduced neuronal responsiveness to each of the aforementioned chemical stimuli. These results provide provisional evidence that inhibition of TNF‐α signaling with PTX treatment may serve as a useful tool for reducing pain in head and neck cancer patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1058-8183 , 1740-8261
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2142058-0
    SSG: 22
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Vol. 32, No. 6 ( 2018-11), p. 1996-2002
    In: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Wiley, Vol. 32, No. 6 ( 2018-11), p. 1996-2002
    Abstract: Gabapentin is the most commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain in cats. Despite this common and chronic usage, clinically relevant pharmacokinetic data is lacking. Objectives To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of clinically relevant dosing regimens of gabapentin in cats. Animals Eight research‐purpose mixed‐breed cats. Methods Cats were enrolled in a serial order, non‐randomized pharmacokinetic study. Gabapentin was administered as an IV bolus (5 mg/kg), orally (10 mg/kg) as a single dose or twice daily for 2 weeks, or as a transdermal gel (10 mg/kg) in serial order. Serial blood samples were collected up to 48 hours. Plasma concentrations were determined using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry. Compartmental analysis was used to generate gabapentin time‐concentration models. Results After IV administration CL (median (range)) and terminal half‐life were 160.67 mL/kg*hr (119.63‐199.11) and 3.78 hours (3.12‐4.47), respectively. The oral terminal half‐life was 3.63 hours (2.96‐4.77), and 3.72 hours (3.12‐4.51) for single and repeated dosing. T MAX and C MAX , as predicted by the model were 1.05 hours (0.74‐2.11), and 12.42 μg/mL (8.31‐18.35) after single oral dosing, and 0.77 hours (0.58‐1.64), and 14.78 μg/mL (9.70‐18.41) after repeated oral dosing. Bioavailability after a single oral dose was 94.77% (82.46‐122.83). Importance Repeated oral dosing of gabapentin did not alter the drug's pharmacokinetics, making dose adjustments unnecessary with long‐term treatment. As prepared, the transdermal route is an inappropriate choice for drug administration. These relevant data are important for future studies evaluating potential efficacy of the medication for treating chronic pain states in cats.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0891-6640 , 1939-1676
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2177690-8
    SSG: 22
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) ; 2006
    In:  American Journal of Veterinary Research Vol. 67, No. 2 ( 2006-02), p. 277-282
    In: American Journal of Veterinary Research, American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), Vol. 67, No. 2 ( 2006-02), p. 277-282
    Abstract: Objective —To compare ground reaction forces (GRFs) measured by use of a pressure-sensitive walk-way (PSW) and a force plate (FP) and evaluate weekly variation in the GRFs and static vertical forces in dogs. Animals —34 clinically normal dogs and 5 research dogs with lameness. Procedure —GRF data were collected from 5 lame and 14 clinically normal dogs by use of an FP and a PSW. Peak vertical force (PVF), vertical impulse (VI), and velocity measurements (determined by use of photocells and PSW data) were compared between groups. Peak vertical force, VI, stride length, ground phase time (ie, contact time), and static body weight distribution data were collected on 2 occasions, 1 week apart, in 20 different clinically normal dogs by use of a PSW; week-to-week variation in values was evaluated. Results —Measurements of velocity derived by use of the photocells were not different from those derived by use of the PSW. For any 1 limb, values derived by use of the PSW were significantly lower than values derived with the FP. For values obtained by use of either technique, there were no differences between left and right limbs except for values of PVF measured via PSW in forelimbs. Values of PVF, VI, contact time, stride length, and static weight distribution generated by the PSW did not vary from week to week. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance —Values for GRFs varied between the FP and PSW. However, data derived by use of PSW were consistent and could be used to evaluate kinetic variables over time in the same dog.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0002-9645
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2056942-7
    SSG: 22
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