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Natural infection by the protozoan Leptomonas wallacei impacts the morphology, physiology, reproduction, and lifespan of the insect Oncopeltus fasciatus

Vasconcellos, Luiz Ricardo C. ; Carvalho, Luiz Max F. ; Silveira, Fernanda A. M. ; [et al.]

Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019

In: Scientific Reports Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-11-25)

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In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-11-25)

Abstract: Trypanosomatids are protozoan parasites that infect thousands of globally dispersed hosts, potentially affecting their physiology. Several species of trypanosomatids are commonly found in phytophagous insects. Leptomonas wallacei is a gut-restricted insect trypanosomatid only retrieved from Oncopeltus fasciatus . The insects get infected by coprophagy and transovum transmission of L. wallacei cysts. The main goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of a natural infection by L. wallacei on the hemipteran insect O. fasciatus , by comparing infected and uninfected individuals in a controlled environment. The L. wallacei -infected individuals showed reduced lifespan and morphological alterations. Also, we demonstrated a higher infection burden in females than in males. The infection caused by L. wallacei reduced host reproductive fitness by negatively impacting egg load, oviposition, and eclosion, and promoting an increase in egg reabsorption. Moreover, we associated the egg reabsorption observed in infected females, with a decrease in the intersex gene expression. Finally, we suggest alterations in population dynamics induced by L. wallacei infection using a mathematical model. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that L. wallacei infection negatively affected the physiology of O. fasciatus , which suggests that L. wallacei potentially has a vast ecological impact on host population growth.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2045-2322

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53678-1

Language: English

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Publication Date: 2019

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3

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Trypanosoma cruzi Infection Is Enhanced by Vector Saliva through Immunosuppressant Mechanisms Mediated by Lysophosphatidylcholine

Mesquita, Rafael D. ; Carneiro, Alan Brito ; Bafica, André ; [et al.]

American Society for Microbiology ; 2008

In: Infection and Immunity Vol. 76, No. 12 ( 2008-12), p. 5543-5552

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In: Infection and Immunity, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 76, No. 12 ( 2008-12), p. 5543-5552

Abstract: Trypanosoma cruzi , the etiological agent of Chagas disease, is transmitted by bug feces deposited on human skin during a blood meal. However, parasite infection occurs through the wound produced by insect mouthparts. Saliva of the Triatominae bug Rhodnius prolixus is a source of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). Here, we tested the role of both triatomine saliva and LPC on parasite transmission. We show that vector saliva is a powerful inducer of cell chemotaxis. A massive number of inflammatory cells were found at the sites where LPC or saliva was inoculated into the skin of mice. LPC is a known chemoattractant for monocytes, but neutrophil recruitment induced by saliva is LPC independent. The preincubation of peritoneal macrophages with saliva or LPC increased fivefold the association of T. cruzi with these cells. Moreover, saliva and LPC block nitric oxide production by T. cruzi -exposed macrophages. The injection of saliva or LPC into mouse skin in the presence of the parasite induces an up-to-sixfold increase in blood parasitemia. Together, our data suggest that saliva of the Triatominae enhances T. cruzi transmission and that some of its biological effects are attributed to LPC. This is a demonstration that a vector-derived lysophospholipid may act as an enhancing factor of Chagas disease.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0019-9567 , 1098-5522

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00683-08

RVK:

XA 10000

Language: English

Publisher: American Society for Microbiology

Publication Date: 2008

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483247-1

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Platelet-activating factor-like activity isolated from Trypanosoma cruzi

Gomes, Marta T. ; Monteiro, Robson Q. ; Grillo, Luciano A. ; [et al.]

Elsevier BV ; 2006

In: International Journal for Parasitology Vol. 36, No. 2 ( 2006-2), p. 165-173

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In: International Journal for Parasitology, Elsevier BV, Vol. 36, No. 2 ( 2006-2), p. 165-173

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0020-7519

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.09.016

Language: English

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Publication Date: 2006

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2011817-X

SSG: 12

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Structural and Functional Analysis of a Platelet-Activating Lysophosphatidylcholine of Trypanosoma cruzi

Gazos-Lopes, Felipe ; Oliveira, Mauricio M. ; Hoelz, Lucas V. B. ; [et al.]

Public Library of Science (PLoS) ; 2014

In: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Vol. 8, No. 8 ( 2014-8-7), p. e3077-

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In: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 8, No. 8 ( 2014-8-7), p. e3077-

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 1935-2735

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.g001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.g002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.g003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.g004

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.g005

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.g006

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.g007

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.g008

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.t001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.t002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.t003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s004

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s005

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s006

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s007

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s008

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s009

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s010

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s011

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s012

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s013

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s014

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s015

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003077.s016

Language: English

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Publication Date: 2014

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2429704-5

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Child-Rearing Values in Southern Brazil : Mutual Influences of Social Class and Parents’ Perceptions of Their Children’s Development

Tudge, Jonathan R. H. ; Lopes, Rita S. C. ; Piccinini, Cesar A. ; [et al.]

SAGE Publications ; 2013

In: Journal of Family Issues Vol. 34, No. 10 ( 2013-10), p. 1379-1400

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In: Journal of Family Issues, SAGE Publications, Vol. 34, No. 10 ( 2013-10), p. 1379-1400

Abstract: The authors examine social-class differences in parents’ child-rearing values for autonomy, self-direction, and conformity and the extent to which their values are influenced by their perceptions of their developing children’s characteristics. Parents from 25 middle-class or working-class families in a Brazilian city participated in interviews, observations, and completed Kohn’s Q-Sort measure when their children were 3, 36, and 72 months of age. Parents’ child-rearing values differed significantly by social class: middle-class parents were more likely to value autonomy and self-direction in their children, whereas working-class parents were more likely to value conformity. In addition, the strength and direction of parental values changed significantly as their children developed. Parents were less likely to value autonomy and self-direction when their children were 36 months than when they were either 3 or 72 months. Middle-class parents were more likely to value conformity when their children were 36 than when they were younger or older.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0192-513X , 1552-5481

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1177/0192513X12453820

Language: English

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Publication Date: 2013

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1494068-1

SSG: 3,4

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In vitro selection of Phytomonas serpens cells resistant to the calpain inhibitor MDL28170: alterations in fitness and expression of the major peptidases and efflux pumps

OLIVEIRA, SIMONE S. C. ; GONÇALVES, INÊS C. ; ENNES-VIDAL, VITOR ; [et al.]

Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2018

In: Parasitology Vol. 145, No. 3 ( 2018-03), p. 355-370

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In: Parasitology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 145, No. 3 ( 2018-03), p. 355-370

Abstract: The species Phytomonas serpens is known to express some molecules displaying similarity to those described in trypanosomatids pathogenic to humans, such as peptidases from Trypanosoma cruzi (cruzipain) and Leishmania spp. (gp63). In this work, a population of P. serpens resistant to the calpain inhibitor MDL28170 at 70 µ m (MDL R population) was selected by culturing promastigotes in increasing concentrations of the drug. The only relevant ultrastructural difference between wild-type (WT) and MDL R promastigotes was the presence of microvesicles within the flagellar pocket of the latter. MDL R population also showed an increased reactivity to anti-cruzipain antibody as well as a higher papain-like proteolytic activity, while the expression of calpain-like molecules cross-reactive to anti-Dm-calpain (from Drosophila melanogaster ) antibody and calcium-dependent cysteine peptidase activity were decreased. Gp63-like molecules also presented a diminished expression in MDL R population, which is probably correlated to the reduction in the parasite adhesion to the salivary glands of the insect vector Oncopeltus fasciatus . A lower accumulation of Rhodamine 123 was detected in MDL R cells when compared with the WT population, a phenotype that was reversed when MDL R cells were treated with cyclosporin A and verapamil. Collectively, our results may help in the understanding of the roles of calpain inhibitors in trypanosomatids.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0031-1820 , 1469-8161

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1017/S0031182017001561

RVK:

WA 15000

Language: English

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Publication Date: 2018

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491287-9

SSG: 12

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Image_4.tif

Souza, Juliana L. ; Martins-Cardoso, Karina ; Guimarães, Isabella S. ; [et al.]

Frontiers Media SA ; 2020

In: Frontiers in Oncology Vol. 10 ( 2020-12-17)

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In: Frontiers in Oncology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 10 ( 2020-12-17)

Abstract: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase widely expressed in cervical tumors, being correlated with adverse clinical outcomes. EGFR may be activated by a diversity of mechanisms, including transactivation by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Studies have also shown that platelet-activating factor (PAF), a pro-inflammatory phospholipid mediator, plays an important role in the cancer progression either by modulating the cancer cells or the tumor microenvironment. Most of the PAF effects seem to be mediated by the interaction with its receptor (PAFR), a member of the GPCRs family. PAFR- and EGFR-evoked signaling pathways contribute to tumor biology; however, the interplay between them remains uninvestigated in cervical cancer. In this study, we employed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and cancer cell lines to evaluate possible cooperation between EGFR, PAFR, and lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferases (LPCATs), enzymes involved in the PAF biosynthesis, in the context of cervical cancer. It was observed a strong positive correlation between the expression of EGFR × PAFR and EGFR × LPCAT2 in 306 cervical cancer samples. The increased expression of LPCAT2 was significantly correlated with poor overall survival. Activation of EGFR upregulated the expression of PAFR and LPCAT2 in a MAPK-dependent fashion. At the same time, PAF showed the ability to transactivate EGFR leading to ERK/MAPK activation, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induction, and cell migration. The positive crosstalk between the PAF-PAFR axis and EGFR demonstrates a relevant linkage between inflammatory and growth factor signaling in cervical cancer cells. Finally, combined PAFR and EGFR targeting treatment impaired clonogenic capacity and viability of aggressive cervical cancer cells more strongly than each treatment separately. Collectively, we proposed that EGFR, LPCAT2, and PAFR emerge as novel targets for cervical cancer therapy.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2234-943X

URL: Article

DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.557280

DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.557280.s001

DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.557280.s002

DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.557280.s003

DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.557280.s004

Language: Unknown

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Publication Date: 2020

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2649216-7

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The Enhanced Expression of Cruzipain-Like Molecules in the Phytoflagellate Phytomonas serpens Recovered From the Invertebrate and Plant Hosts

Oliveira, Simone S. C. ; Elias, Camila G. R. ; Dias, Felipe A. ; [et al.]

Frontiers Media SA ; 2022

In: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Vol. 11 ( 2022-1-13)

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In: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 11 ( 2022-1-13)

Abstract: Phytomonas serpens is a protozoan parasite that alternates its life cycle between two hosts: an invertebrate vector and the tomato fruit. This phytoflagellate is able to synthesize proteins displaying similarity to the cysteine peptidase named cruzipain, an important virulence factor from Trypanosoma cruzi , the etiologic agent of Chagas disease. Herein, the growth of P. serpens in complex medium (BHI) supplemented with natural tomato extract (NTE) resulted in the increased expression of cysteine peptidases, as verified by the hydrolysis of the fluorogenic substrate Z-Phe-Arg-AMC and by gelatin-SDS-PAGE. Phytoflagellates showed no changes in morphology, morphometry and viability, but the proliferation was slightly reduced when cultivated in the presence of NTE. The enhanced proteolytic activity was accompanied by a significant increase in the expression of cruzipain-like molecules, as verified by flow cytometry using anti-cruzipain antibodies. In parallel, parasites incubated under chemically defined conditions (PBS supplemented with glucose) and added of different concentration of NTE revealed an augmentation in the production of cruzipain-like molecules in a typically dose-dependent way. Similarly, P. serpens recovered from the infection of mature tomatoes showed an increase in the expression of molecules homologous to cruzipain; however, cells showed a smaller size compared to parasites grown in BHI medium. Furthermore, phytoflagellates incubated with dissected salivary glands from Oncopeltus fasciatus or recovered from the hemolymph of infected insects also showed a strong enhance in the expression of cruzipain-like molecules that is more relevant in the hemolymph. Collectively, our results showed that cysteine peptidases displaying similarities to cruzipain are more expressed during the life cycle of the phytoflagellate P. serpens both in the invertebrate and plant hosts.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2235-2988

URL: Article

DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.819133

Language: Unknown

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Publication Date: 2022

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2619676-1

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Gp63-Like Molecules in Phytomonas serpens: Possible Role in the Insect Interaction

d’Avila-Levy, Claudia M. ; Santos, Lívia O. ; Marinho, Fernanda A. ; [et al.]

Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2006

In: Current Microbiology Vol. 52, No. 6 ( 2006-6), p. 439-444

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In: Current Microbiology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 52, No. 6 ( 2006-6), p. 439-444

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0343-8651 , 1432-0991

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1007/s00284-005-0222-8

Language: English

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Publication Date: 2006

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1458987-4

SSG: 12

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A novel receptor for platelet‐activating factor and lysophosphatidylcholine in Trypanosoma cruzi

Coelho, Felipe S. ; Oliveira, Mauricio M. ; Vieira, Danielle P. ; [et al.]

Wiley ; 2021

In: Molecular Microbiology Vol. 116, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 890-908

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In: Molecular Microbiology, Wiley, Vol. 116, No. 3 ( 2021-09), p. 890-908

Abstract: The lipid mediators, platelet‐activating factor (PAF) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), play relevant pathophysiological roles in Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Several species of LPC, including C18:1 LPC, which mimics the effects of PAF, are synthesized by T. cruzi . The present study identified a receptor in T. cruzi , which was predicted to bind to PAF, and found it to be homologous to members of the progestin and adiponectin family of receptors (PAQRs). We constructed a three‐dimensional model of the T. cruzi PAQR (TcPAQR) and performed molecular docking to predict the interactions of the TcPAQR model with C16:0 PAF and C18:1 LPC. We knocked out T. cruzi PAQR (TcPAQR) gene and confirmed the identity of the expressed protein through immunoblotting and immunofluorescence assays using an anti‐human PAQR antibody. Wild‐type and knockout (KO) parasites were also used to investigate the in vitro cell differentiation and interactions with peritoneal mouse macrophages; TcPAQR KO parasites were unable to react to C16:0 PAF or C18:1 LPC. Our data are highly suggestive that PAF and LPC act through TcPAQR in T. cruzi , triggering its cellular differentiation and ability to infect macrophages.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0950-382X , 1365-2958

URL: Issue

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1111/mmi.v116.3

DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14778

Language: English

Publisher: Wiley

Publication Date: 2021

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501537-3

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