In:
American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, American Physiological Society, Vol. 321, No. 6 ( 2021-12-01), p. L1134-L1146
Abstract:
Over 40 million people use e-cigarettes worldwide, but the impact of chronic e-cigarette use on health has not been adequately defined. In particular, effects of e-cigarette aerosol inhalation on inflammation and host defenses across the body are not fully understood. We conducted a longitudinal cohort pilot study to explore changes in the inflammatory state and monocyte function of e-cigarette users ( n = 20) versus healthy controls ( n = 13) and to evaluate effects of e-cigarette use reduction on the same. Saliva, sputum, and blood were obtained from e-cigarette users at baseline and after a 2-wk intervention of decreased e-cigarette use. Overall, across 38 proteins quantified by multiplex, airway samples from e-cigarette users tended to have decreased levels of immunomodulatory proteins relative to healthy controls, whereas levels of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in the circulation tended to be elevated. Specifically, e-cigarette users had lower levels of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) in saliva ( P 〈 0.0001), with higher IL-1Ra and growth-regulated oncogene (GRO) levels in sputum ( P 〈 0.01 and P 〈 0.05, respectively), and higher levels of both TNFβ ( P 〈 0.0001) and VEGF ( P 〈 0.0001) in plasma. Circulating monocytes from e-cigarette users had alterations in their inflammatory phenotype in response to reduced e-cigarette use, with blunted IL-8 and IL-6 release upon challenge with bacterial lipopolysaccharide ( P 〈 0.001 and P 〈 0.05, respectively), suggesting a decreased ability to appropriately respond to bacterial infection. Based on these findings, chronic inhalation of e-cigarette aerosols alters the inflammatory state of the airways and systemic circulation, raising concern for the development of both inflammatory and infectious diseases in chronic users of e-cigarettes.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1040-0605
,
1522-1504
DOI:
10.1152/ajplung.00363.2021
Language:
English
Publisher:
American Physiological Society
Publication Date:
2021
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1477300-4
SSG:
12
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