In:
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 9, No. 6 ( 2003-09), p. 815-829
Abstract:
We investigated the frequency and neurocognitive correlates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and traits of this disorder (ADHD/Traits) after childhood stroke and orthopedic diagnosis in medical controls. Twenty-nine children with focal stroke lesions and individually matched children with clubfoot or scoliosis were studied with standardized psychiatric, intellectual, academic, adaptive, executive, and motivation function assessments. Lifetime ADHD/Traits were significantly more common in stroke participants with no prestroke ADHD than in orthopedic controls (16/28 vs. 7/29; Fisher's Exact p 〈 .02). Lifetime ADHD/Traits in the orthopedic controls occurred exclusively in males with clubfoot (7/13; 54%). Participants with current ADHD/Traits functioned significantly worse ( p 〈 .005) than participants without current ADHD/Traits on all outcome measures. Within the stroke group, current ADHD/Traits was associated with significantly lower verbal IQ and arithmetic achievement ( p 〈 .04), more nonperseverative errors ( p 〈 .005), and lower motivation ( p 〈 .004). A principal components analysis of selected outcome variables significantly associated with current ADHD/Traits revealed “impaired neurocognition” and “inattention-apathy” factors. The latter factor was a more consistent predictor of current ADHD/Traits in regression analyses. These findings suggest that inattention and apathy are core features of ADHD/Traits after childhood stroke. This association may provide clues towards the understanding of mechanisms underlying the syndrome. ( JINS , 2003, 9 , 815–829.)
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1355-6177
,
1469-7661
DOI:
10.1017/S1355617703960012
Language:
English
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Publication Date:
2003
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2000018-2
SSG:
5,2
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