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  • 1
    In: Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 17, No. 2 ( 2021-02-01), p. 554-559
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2164-5515 , 2164-554X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2664177-X
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    BMJ ; 2020
    In:  BMJ Global Health Vol. 5, No. 9 ( 2020-09), p. e003760-
    In: BMJ Global Health, BMJ, Vol. 5, No. 9 ( 2020-09), p. e003760-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2059-7908
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2851843-3
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  • 3
    In: Health Policy and Planning, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 37, No. 5 ( 2022-05-12), p. 655-674
    Abstract: Health system governance has been recognized as critical to strengthening healthcare responses in settings with conflict-affected populations. The aim of this review was to examine existing evidence on health system governance in settings with conflict-affected populations globally. The specific objectives were (1) to describe the characteristics of the eligible studies; (2) to describe the principles of health system governance; (3) to examine evidence on barriers and facilitators for stronger health system governance; and (4) to analyse the quality of available evidence. A systematic review methodology was used following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis criteria. We searched six academic databases and used grey literature sources. We included papers reporting empirical findings on health system governance among populations affected by armed conflict, including refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced populations, conflict-affected non-displaced populations and post-conflict populations. Data were analysed according to the study objectives and informed primarily by a governance framework from the literature. Quality appraisal was conducted using an adapted version of the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Of the 6511 papers identified through database searches, 34 studies met eligibility criteria. Few studies provided a theoretical framework or definition for governance. The most frequently identifiable governance principles related to participation and coordination, followed by equity and inclusiveness and intelligence and information. The least frequently identifiable governance principles related to rule of law, ethics and responsiveness. Across studies, the most common facilitators of governance were collaboration between stakeholders, bottom-up and community-based governance structures, inclusive policies and longer-term vision. The most common barriers related to poor coordination, mistrust, lack of a harmonized health response, lack of clarity on stakeholder responsibilities, financial support and donor influence. This review highlights the need for more theoretically informed empirical research on health system governance in settings with conflict-affected populations that draws on existing frameworks for governance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1460-2237
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1484858-2
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2023
    In:  Globalization and Health Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2023-03-23)
    In: Globalization and Health, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2023-03-23)
    Abstract: Active and protracted conflict settings demonstrate the need to prioritise the peace through health agenda. This can be achieved by reorienting attention toward gender diverse leadership and more effective governance within health systems. This approach may enable women to have a greater voice in the decision-making of health and social interventions, thereby enabling the community led and context specific knowledge required to address the root causes of persistent inequalities and inequities in systems and societies. Methods We conducted a qualitative study, which included semi-structured interviews with 25 key informants, two focus group discussions and one workshop with humanitarian workers in local and international non-governmental organisations (NGOs), United Nations (UN) agencies, health practitioners, and academics, from Sub-Saharan Africa, Middle East and North Africa (MENA), and Latin America. Findings were then applied to the peacebuilding pyramid designed by John Paul Lederach which provides a practical framework for mediation and conflict resolution in several conflict-affected settings. The purpose of the framework was to propose an adapted conceptualisation of leadership to include women’s leadership in the health system and be more applicable in protracted conflict settings. Results Five interrelated themes emerged. First, perceptions of terms such as gender equality, equity, mainstreaming, and leadership varied across participants and contexts. Second, armed conflict is both a barrier and an enabler for advancing women’s leadership in health systems. Third, health systems themselves are critical in advancing the nexus between women’s leadership, health systems and peacebuilding. Fourth, across all contexts we found strong evidence of an instrumental relationship between women’s leadership in health systems in conflict-affected settings and peacebuilding. Lastly, the role of donors emerged as a critical obstacle to advance women’s leadership. Conclusion Continuing to empower women against social, cultural, and institutional barriers is crucial, as the emerging correlation between women’s leadership, health systems, and peacebuilding is essential for long-term stability, the right to health, and health system responsiveness.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1744-8603
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2185774-X
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  • 5
    In: Conflict and Health, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 17, No. 1 ( 2023-06-14)
    Abstract: Healthcare is a basic human right extending across all humanitarian contexts, including conflict. Globally, two billion people are living under conditions of insecurity and violent armed conflict with a consequent impact on public health. Health research in conflict-affected regions has been recognised as important to gain more understanding of the actual needs of such populations, to optimise healthcare delivery, as well as to inform advocacy and policy change. International collaborative research maximises the resources and skills available for dealing with global health issues, builds capacity and endeavours to ensure the research reflects real needs of the populations. Under the UK’s Global Challenge Research Fund in 2017 a number of such international programs were created including the Research for Health in Conflict-Middle East and North Africa (R4HC-MENA) partnership to build capacity in conflict and health research as well as study specific areas, namely noncommunicable diseases in conflict (cancer & mental health) and the political economy of health in conflict. Methods A qualitative study using semi-structured online interviews was conducted to explore researchers’ and stakeholders’ perspectives on the R4HC-MENA programme over its lifetime from 2017 to 2021. It aimed to understand the factors that influenced and accelerated international collaboration within the R4HC-MENA programme on conflict and health research, and to provide deeper insights into the implementation of the programme. Data collection was conducted from March 2022 to June 2022. Purposive and snowball sampling techniques were used for participant recruitment. Thematic analysis was applied for data analysis. Results Twelve researchers/stakeholders participated in this study: four men and eight women. Four main themes were generated: Theme 1: Network building (personal and institutional levels); Theme 2: Hierarchies and power dynamics (power imbalance between different academic status, genders and institutions); Theme 3: Communication challenges; Theme 4: Career development (management, leadership, research, and teaching skills). Conclusions This study provided preliminary insights into perspectives on international collaboration in a major international programme of research on conflict and health. Several key challenges and outputs were generated by the researchers in this study. The findings are important for further developing effective strategies to tackle the challenge of power imbalance and ineffective communication in international research collaborations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1752-1505
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2273783-2
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  • 6
    In: Conflict and Health, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: Conflicts pose new challenges for health systems, requiring rapid and practical approaches to meet emerging needs on the ground. Lebanon has been highly influenced by surrounding conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, especially the Syrian crisis. Strengthening research capacity to collect evidence on conflict in the MENA region and beyond is crucial to inform healthcare policy and practice. For targeted capacity strengthening interventions, the main objective of this paper is to present key findings of a needs assessment of conflict and health research in Lebanon. This will support recent efforts to scale up context-specific policies, interventions to strengthen the country’s health system, and research capacity. Methods The study is based on 30 semi-structured interviews with key informants such as specialist academics, humanitarian workers and public sector officials. Results Despite being ranked third in the number of publications on biomedical and health research per capita in MENA and in hosting reputable universities which are considered central academic hubs in the region, lack of nationwide research culture, insufficient funding and limited access to data were reported to be major challenges for health researchers in Lebanon. Even with the ongoing efforts, poor impact of research on policy continues to be a persistent gap. Large disparities in research capacities and taught skills were reported between different universities in Lebanon, with a disproportionate emphasis on quantitative over qualitative skills. Most medical students are not trained to conduct research or to practice in conflict settings. Concerns were also expressed regarding the ethics of research conducted, specifically by local non-governmental organizations. Recommendations To conduct contextualized trainings on research skills with a stronger focus on qualitative approaches, medical practice, and ethical research in conflict. To better involve policymakers in designing research agendas by organizing multiple stakeholder meetings. Conclusion The study indicates that health research in Lebanon is characterized by considerable strengths in terms of human capital and research capacities of certain universities. However, the Lebanese research infrastructure needs further development in terms of ensuring sustainable funding, providing access to data, teaching qualitative research skills, conducting ethical and multidisciplinary research, and promoting cross-sectoral knowledge transfer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1752-1505
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2273783-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Public Health Vol. 42, No. 3 ( 2020-08-18), p. 504-509
    In: Journal of Public Health, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 42, No. 3 ( 2020-08-18), p. 504-509
    Abstract: Despite lacking capacity and resources, the health system in the northwest Syria is using innovative approaches for the containment of COVID-19. Lessons drawn from previous outbreaks in the region, such as the polio outbreak in 2013 and the annual seasonal influenza, have enabled the Early Warning and Response Network, a surveillance system to develop mechanisms of predicting risk and strengthening surveillance for the new pandemic. Social media tools such as WhatsApp are effectively collecting health information and communicating health messaging about COVID-19. Community engagement has also been scaled up, mobilizing local resources and encouraging thousands of volunteers to join the ‘Volunteers against Corona’ campaign. Bottom-up local governance technical entities, such as Idleb Health Directorate and the White Helmets, have played key leadership role in the response. These efforts need to be scaled up to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 in a region chronically affected by a complex armed conflict.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-3842 , 1741-3850
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1497445-9
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elsevier BV ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Migration and Health Vol. 5 ( 2022), p. 100093-
    In: Journal of Migration and Health, Elsevier BV, Vol. 5 ( 2022), p. 100093-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2666-6235
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3049354-7
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Public Health Vol. 44, No. 1 ( 2022-03-07), p. e161-e165
    In: Journal of Public Health, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 44, No. 1 ( 2022-03-07), p. e161-e165
    Abstract: There is considerable global momentum from Syrian researchers, policy makers and diaspora to address health, security and development challenges posed by almost a decade of armed conflict and complex geopolitics that has resulted in different areas of political control. However, research funders have been so far reluctant to invest in large-scale research programmes in severely conflict-affected areas such as northern Syria. This paper presents examples of collaborations and programmes that could change this through equitable partnerships between academic and operational humanitarian organizations involving local Syrian researchers—a tremendous way forward to capitalize and accelerate this global momentum. Several academic and humanitarian organizations have initiated collaborations to build new networks and partnerships for better research and policy engagement in Syria. The networks conducted two consecutive annual conferences in 2019 and 2020. Key messages from these conference include: (1) equitable partnerships between organizations and individual researchers must form the basis of conducting better research; (2) ensuring the inclusion of local Syrian researchers is crucial in the development of any viable partnership; (3) capacity strengthening in health research is urgently needed in Syria’s current phase of active conflict to inform, develop and implement strengthened and sustainable health systems in the post-conflict phase.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1741-3842 , 1741-3850
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1497445-9
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Walter de Gruyter GmbH ; 2021
    In:  Open Health Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2021-01-01), p. 1-20
    In: Open Health, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2021-01-01), p. 1-20
    Abstract: Background: It is estimated that by 2050, almost 70 percent of the global population will be residing in urban areas. In recent years, cities have become central in tackling key urban challenges and have demonstrated greater flexibility in policymaking and innovation than national governments. Cities are currently more inclined to learn from each other via networks, partnerships, and pairings to develop solutions to many global challenges including pandemics such as COVID-19. Aim: To explore the role cities and city networks present in supporting urban resilience to pandemics focusing on conflict-affected settings. Methods: A desk-based literature review of academic and grey sources was conducted followed by thematic analysis. Results: Although most COVID-19 response plans have been developed and implemented by governments, the pandemic has revealed the significant potential for city networks in providing platforms for knowledge sharing and coordination of mitigation plans to address pandemic-specific interventions. We found that in conflict settings, city networks continue to play only a minor role, if any, compared to humanitarian and informal actors. Conclusion: City networks have the potential to contribute to strengthening global collaborative approaches to pandemic responses, but this has not been given sufficient investment and even less so in conflict-affected settings. It is essential for these networks to be integrated within a wider multidisciplinary and multisectoral platform that includes academics, humanitarian and informal actors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2544-9826
    Language: English
    Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2977980-7
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