In:
Geoscientific Model Development, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 13, No. 10 ( 2020-10-08), p. 4809-4829
Abstract:
Abstract. With semiconductor technology gradually approaching its physical and thermal limits, recent supercomputers have adopted major
architectural changes to continue increasing the performance through more
power-efficient heterogeneous many-core systems. Examples include Sunway
TaihuLight that has four management processing elements (MPEs) and 256
computing processing elements (CPEs) inside one processor and Summit that has
two central processing units (CPUs) and six graphics processing units (GPUs)
inside one node. Meanwhile, current high-resolution Earth system models that
desperately require more computing power generally consist of millions of
lines of legacy code developed for traditional homogeneous multicore
processors and cannot automatically benefit from the advancement of
supercomputer hardware. As a result, refactoring and optimizing the legacy
models for new architectures become key challenges along the road of taking
advantage of greener and faster supercomputers, providing better support for
the global climate research community and contributing to the long-lasting
societal task of addressing long-term climate change. This article reports
the efforts of a large group in the International Laboratory for
High-Resolution Earth System Prediction (iHESP) that was established by the
cooperation of Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and
Technology (QNLM), Texas A&M University (TAMU), and the National Center for
Atmospheric Research (NCAR), with the goal of enabling highly efficient
simulations of the high-resolution (25 km atmosphere and 10 km ocean)
Community Earth System Model (CESM-HR) on Sunway TaihuLight. The refactoring
and optimizing efforts have improved the simulation speed of CESM-HR from 1 SYPD (simulation years per day) to 3.4 SYPD (with output disabled) and
supported several hundred years of pre-industrial control simulations. With
further strategies on deeper refactoring and optimizing for remaining
computing hotspots, as well as redesigning architecture-oriented
algorithms, we expect an equivalent or even better efficiency to be gained on the
new platform than traditional homogeneous CPU platforms. The refactoring and
optimizing processes detailed in this paper on the Sunway system should have
implications for similar efforts on other heterogeneous many-core systems
such as GPU-based high-performance computing (HPC) systems.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1991-9603
DOI:
10.5194/gmd-13-4809-2020
Language:
English
Publisher:
Copernicus GmbH
Publication Date:
2020
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2456725-5
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