In:
PLOS Biology, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 18, No. 12 ( 2020-12-7), p. e3000963-
Abstract:
Approximately 28% of the human population have been exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), with the overwhelming majority of infected individuals not developing disease (latent TB infection (LTBI)). While it is known that uncontrolled HIV infection is a major risk factor for the development of TB, the effect of underlying LTBI on HIV disease progression is less well characterized, in part because longitudinal data are lacking. We sorted all participants of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) with at least 1 documented MTB test into one of the 3 groups: MTB uninfected, LTBI, or active TB. To detect differences in the HIV set point viral load (SPVL), linear regression was used; the frequency of the most common opportunistic infections (OIs) in the SHCS between MTB uninfected patients, patients with LTBI, and patients with active TB were compared using logistic regression and time-to-event analyses. In adjusted models, we corrected for baseline demographic characteristics, i.e., HIV transmission risk group and gender, geographic region, year of HIV diagnosis, and CD4 nadir. A total of 13,943 SHCS patients had at least 1 MTB test documented, of whom 840 (6.0%) had LTBI and 770 (5.5%) developed active TB. Compared to MTB uninfected patients, LTBI was associated with a 0.24 decreased log HIV SPVL in the adjusted model ( p 〈 0.0001). Patients with LTBI had lower odds of having candida stomatitis (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.68, p = 0.0035) and oral hairy leukoplakia (adjusted OR = 0.67, p = 0.033) when compared to MTB uninfected patients. The association of LTBI with a reduced HIV set point virus load and fewer unrelated infections in HIV/TB coinfected patients suggests a more complex interaction between LTBI and HIV than previously assumed.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1545-7885
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.g002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.g003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.g004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.g005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.t001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.s001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.s002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.s003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.s004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.s005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.s006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.s007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.r001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.r002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.r003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.r004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.r005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000963.r006
Language:
English
Publisher:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publication Date:
2020
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2126773-X
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