In:
BMC Medicine, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 19, No. 1 ( 2021-12)
Abstract:
Despite recent advances through the development pipeline, how novel tuberculosis (TB) vaccines might affect rifampicin-resistant and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (RR/MDR-TB) is unknown. We investigated the epidemiologic impact, cost-effectiveness, and budget impact of hypothetical novel prophylactic prevention of disease TB vaccines on RR/MDR-TB in China and India. Methods We constructed a deterministic, compartmental, age-, drug-resistance- and treatment history-stratified dynamic transmission model of tuberculosis. We introduced novel vaccines from 2027, with post- (PSI) or both pre- and post-infection (P & PI) efficacy, conferring 10 years of protection, with 50% efficacy. We measured vaccine cost-effectiveness over 2027–2050 as USD/DALY averted-against 1-times GDP/capita, and two healthcare opportunity cost-based (HCOC), thresholds. We carried out scenario analyses. Results By 2050, the P & PI vaccine reduced RR/MDR-TB incidence rate by 73% (UI:66–76) and 72% (UI:65–77), and the PSI vaccine by 29% (UI: 27–31) and 47% (UI: 37–58) in China and India, respectively. In India, we found both USD 10 P & PI and PSI vaccines cost-effective at the 1-times GDP and upper HCOC thresholds and P & PI vaccines cost-effective at the lower HCOC threshold. In China, both vaccines were cost-effective at the 1-times GDP threshold. P & PI vaccine remained cost-effective at the lower HCOC threshold with 49% probability and PSI vaccines at the upper HCOC threshold with 21% probability. The P & PI vaccine was predicted to avert 1.0 million (UI: 0.6–1.3) and 0.8 million (UI: 0.5–1.4) second-line therapy regimens in China and India between 2027 and 2050, respectively. Conclusions Novel TB vaccination is likely to substantially reduce the future burden of RR/MDR-TB, while averting the need for second-line therapy. Vaccination may be cost-effective depending on vaccine characteristics and setting.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1741-7015
DOI:
10.1186/s12916-021-01932-7
Language:
English
Publisher:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Publication Date:
2021
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2131669-7
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