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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Instituto de Geografia, UNAM ; 2016
    In:  Investigaciones Geográficas , No. 89 ( 2016-03-31), p. 23-
    In: Investigaciones Geográficas, Instituto de Geografia, UNAM, , No. 89 ( 2016-03-31), p. 23-
    Abstract: 〈 p 〉 La zona cafetera colombiana está ubicada enteramente en el hemisferio norte, entre los 1 y 11° grados de latitud, sobre la cordillera de los Andes. Esta condición (ecuatorial andina) ha hecho que se dé por sentado que la variación temporal de la temperatura es mínima y que por ello, en su mayor parte la variabilidad de este elemento es espacial, atribuible casi exclusivamente a los cambios en altura sobre el nivel del mar. En este estudio se exploran factores de variación alternas, que muestran cómo, además de la altitud, otros factores, como la latitud, la zona de convergencia intertropical, El Niño Oscilación del Sur y el Cambio Climático, inciden sobre esta variable climática, que a su vez ejerce un papel fundamental sobre las plantaciones de cafeto. 〈 /p 〉
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0188-4611
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Instituto de Geografia, UNAM
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2416644-3
    SSG: 14
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  • 2
    In: Revista Cenicafé, Federacion Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia (CENICAFE), Vol. 63, No. 2 ( 2012), p. 98-115-
    Abstract: En el presente trabajo se considera el riesgo como el producto de la amenaza ocasionada por la variabilidad climática y la vulnerabilidad del sistema de producción de café de reducir la productividad por déficit y exceso hídricos. La fuente de variabilidad climática analizada en este estudio es la variabilidad anual ocasionada por los eventos de El Niño y La Niña. La vulnerabilidad se estima a partir del cálculo del Índice de Humedad del Suelo (IHS) en cafetales productivos a partir de la integración de variables edáficas, de cultivo y atmosféricas que permiten definir la relación que existe entre el comportamiento de la humedad del suelo y variables de productividad del cultivo de café. La aplicación de la metodología se realizó para el departamento del Quindío por tener una adecuada cobertura en la red meteorológica y unidades de suelos georeferenciadas. La metodología permite el análisis histórico para fines de regionalización o zonificación y el análisis dinámico para fines de toma de decisiones y ajustes a los sistemas de producción. Como producto final se entrega un sistema en ambiente web que le permite a cada usuario conocer el nivel de riesgo de su sistema de producción.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0120-0275 , 2711-3477
    URL: Issue
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Federacion Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia (CENICAFE)
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2020
    In:  Frontiers in Agronomy Vol. 2 ( 2020-12-1)
    In: Frontiers in Agronomy, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 2 ( 2020-12-1)
    Abstract: Calcium (Ca 2+ ) is an important macronutrient in coffee and is involved in several physiological processes that influence crop growth, development, productivity, and stress response. This paper presents results from five experiments conducted on coffee under greenhouse and field conditions for over 5 years (2014–2018). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of Ca +2 application on coffee growth, development, abiotic stress response, cation uptake, leaf cell structure, and productivity. The results show that Ca +2 directly influences the growth and development of plants and has a strong effect on root growth. Drought stress and low Ca +2 rates of 8 mg.L −1 showed no differences in photosynthetic rates (P N ) and biomass accumulation; high Ca +2 rates between 75 and 150 mg.L −1 increased P N and biomass accumulation in plants under drought stress, with a positive correlation between Ca +2 content in the leaves and P N with and without drought stress. High air temperature ( & gt;30°C) reduced P N rates, and the treatment with proper Ca +2 application showed better P N compared to the treatments with low Ca +2 . Ca +2 application showed a synergistic effect with potassium (K + ) uptake and no influence on the magnesium (Mg +2 ) uptake but a reduction in the leaf concentration with the increase in Ca +2 application. Additionally, coffee plants with proper Ca +2 application showed thicker leaves, denser epidermis, and larger, more compact, and better-structured palisade parenchyma compared with the plants treated with Ca +2 at lower rates. After 5 years, the mean coffee yield showed a polynomial response with respect to the doses of Ca +2 applied, with optimum rate of 120 kg CaO ha −1 year −1 and a peak of Ca +2 uptake by the coffee cherries during 110–220 days after flowering.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2673-3218
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3017794-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Federacion Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia (CENICAFE) ; 2014
    In:  Avances Técnicos Cenicafé Vol. 445 ( 2014-7-1), p. 1-12
    In: Avances Técnicos Cenicafé, Federacion Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia (CENICAFE), Vol. 445 ( 2014-7-1), p. 1-12
    Abstract: Recomendaciones para la reducción del riesgo en la caficultura de Colombia ante un evento climático de El Niño. El Niño es un evento de variabilidad climática producido por el calentamiento del océano Pacífico ecuatorial, el cual influye sobre las condiciones hídricas y meteorológicas de la zona cafetera Colombiana. Es un evento de frecuencia, duración e intensidad variable. Los eventos de El Niño pueden durar entre 7 meses hasta 2 años, y su impacto sobre las condiciones hídricas y meteorológicas puede ser muy pronunciado o no. Sin embargo, es muy importante estar atentos a la ocurrencia de estos eventos y emprender acciones que ayuden a reducir el riesgo.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2145-3691 , 0120-0178
    URL: Issue
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Federacion Nacional de Cafeteros de Colombia (CENICAFE)
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 5
    In: Plants, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2023-05-19), p. 2033-
    Abstract: Chloride (Cl−) is applied in coffee at rates as a “macronutrient” in the form of muriate of potash (MOP). Potassium (K+) is one of the most demanded nutrients by the coffee plant, and MOP is one of the most used fertilizers in coffee production. No scientific evidence shows how Cl− applied with MOP influences coffee growth, nutrient uptake, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). In order to address these questions, a greenhouse trial over two years and a field trial over four years were conducted. The trials were designed to test the influence of variable Cl−/S ratios on biomass accumulation, nutrient uptake, and NUE. A significant effect of the Cl− rates on growth was observed under greenhouse conditions but a non-significant effect on yield under field conditions. Cl− and S significantly influenced the NUE in coffee. The results allow us to conclude that Cl− rates need to be balanced with S rates, and that Cl− applied at macronutrient rates can improve the NUE in coffee between 7 and 21% in greenhouse conditions and between 9% and 14% in field conditions, as long as the rates do not exceed 180 mg L−1 Cl− and 80 mg·L−1 S in the greenhouse and 150 kg·ha−1·year−1 Cl− and 50 kg ha−1·year−1 S in the field. With the aim to improve the NUE in coffee, the Cl− content in leaves in coffee should be lower than 0.33% of dry matter, and in soil lower than 30 mg·L−1. In practical terms, coffee farmers need to balance K-based fertilizers to avoid the excessive Cl− applications that reduce the nutrient use efficiency, especially the NUE.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2223-7747
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704341-1
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  • 6
    In: Acta Agronómica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Vol. 66, No. 1 ( 2016-10-16)
    Abstract: This paper presents the conceptualization, methodological adjustment and experimental application of the micrometeorological technique eddy covariance - EC, to measure energy, water vapor and CO2 fluxes in two coffee agroecosystems: the first under full sunlight, and the second under shade, both with equatorial Andean hillslope conditions. With a footprint and fetch calculation, the required distance from the edge of the field in the prevailing wind direction to the EC tower is three times higher under shade than full sun. The shaded agroecosystem reached maximum average carbon fixation rates of 21.26 ± 2.469 μmolCO2.m-2s-1 ( = 0.05) (61% higher than under 100% sunlight) which gives a high carbon sink capacity to the association of coffee plants with shading Pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan L). The average evapotranspiration rate was 2.33 ± 0.0102 mm.d-1 ( = 0.05) and 2.08 ± 0.00732 mm.d-1 under shade and 100% sunlight, respectively. The proportion of net radiation that reached the soil was 2% under shade and 4% under 100% sunlight. Likewise, the soil energy loss during the night was lower under shade, indicating less day-night temperature range in the latter agroecosystem. The methodological adjustment and the results of this first work using EC in Colombian coffee plantations, contribute to the development of reliable research regarding gas and energy exchanges between the atmosphere and ecosystems in conditions of the equatorial Andean hillslope.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2323-0118 , 0120-2812
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2260321-9
    SSG: 7,36
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  • 7
    In: Hydrology, MDPI AG, Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2021-05-01), p. 75-
    Abstract: Coffee (Coffea spp.) represents one of the most important sources of income and goods for the agricultural sector in Central America, Colombia, and the Caribbean region. The sustainability of coffee production at the global and regional scale is under threat by climate change, with a major risk of losing near to 50% of today’s suitable area for coffee by 2050. Rain-fed coffee production dominates in the region, and under increasing climate variability and climate change impacts, these production areas are under threat due to air temperature increase and changes in rainfall patterns and volumes. Identification, evaluation, and implementation of adaptation strategies for growers to cope with climate variability and change impacts are relevant and high priority. Incremental adaptation strategies, including proper soil and water management, contribute to improved water use efficiency (WUE) and should be the first line of action to adapt the coffee crop to the changing growing conditions. This research’s objective was to evaluate at field level over five years the influence of fertilization with calcium (Ca+2) and potassium (K+) on WUE in two coffee arabica varieties: cv. Castillo and cv. Caturra. Castillo has resistance against coffee leaf rust (CLR) (Hemileia vastatrix Verkeley and Brome), while Caturra is not CLR-resistant. WUE was influenced by yield changes during the years by climate variability due to El Niño–ENSO conditions and CLR incidence. Application of Ca+2 and K+ improved the WUE under such variable conditions. The highest WUE values were obtained with an application of 100 kg CaO ha−1 year−1 and between 180 to 230 kg K2O ha−1 year−1. The results indicate that adequate nutrition with Ca+2 and K+ can improve WUE in the long-term, even underwater deficit conditions and after the substantial incidence. Hence, an optimum application of Ca+2 and K+ in rain-fed coffee plantations can be regarded as an effective strategy to adapt to climate variability and climate change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2306-5338
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2777964-6
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  • 8
    In: Acta Agronómica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Vol. 67, No. 3 ( 2018-07-01), p. 402-413
    Abstract: El café es un cultivo dependiente del agua disponible en el suelo, bien sea a través de la lluvia o del riego, ya que ésta tiene un marcado efecto en la productividad y la distribución de la cosecha. Conocer el efecto de la distancia entre plantas sobre el comportamiento de la humedad en el suelo y el consumo de agua, influye en las prácticas agronómicas del sistema productivo del café, entre ellas: la densidad de siembra, la fertilización, y las épocas de siembra. El estudio se realizó en la Estación Experimental Naranjal ubicada en Chinchiná (Caldas, Colombia) a 04° 58’ N, 75° 39’ O; 1,381 m de altitud y tuvo como objetivos conocer el comportamiento de la humedad en un Andisol sembrado con café en tres densidades de siembra, estimar la evapotranspiración de referencia (ETo) y evaluar la evapotranspiración del cultivo (ETc). La humedad del suelo se midió con una sonda de capacitancia de 100 cm con sensores espaciados cada 10 cm. La humedad en el perfil del suelo varió con la densidad de siembra y entre los periodos secos y húmedos considerados. La ETo y la ETc fueron influenciadas por las condiciones de clima, siendo mayores en la época seca y menores en la época de lluvias. La densidad de siembra afectó las propiedades hidráulicas del suelo. No obstante, por la capacidad de almacenar agua que caracteriza a los Andisoles, las plantas tuvieron agua disponible aún en las épocas secas. La sonda de capacitancia mostró ser un instrumento efectivo para el estudio del comportamiento del agua en los suelos de la región cafetera de Colombia, especialmente aquellos sensibles a las limitaciones ocasionadas por el déficit hídrico como producto de la variabilidad climática actual y futura.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2323-0118 , 0120-2812
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Universidad Nacional de Colombia
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2260321-9
    SSG: 7,36
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