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In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 122, No. 21 ( 2013-11-15), p. 1971-1971

Abstract: Prognosis of relapses is severe in elderly multiple myeloma (MM). In recent studies, median survival at progression after 1st line therapy was between 9 and 13 months (T. Facon, Lancet 2007; C. Hulin, J Clin Oncol 2009). Bortezomib (V) plus dexamethasone (D) is a major regimen in the treatment of relapses. Bendamustine (B) demonstrated to be highly active in advanced MM. The IFM 2009-01 trial evaluates the combination of B, V and D in elderly patients with progressive MM on or after 1stline treatment. Methods Phase 2 IFM 2009-01 trial was dedicated to patients older than 65 years in 1st relapse or refractory to 1st line therapy. Inclusion criteria were measurable disease, PS ECOG 0-2, ANC 〉 1.5x109/l, platelets 〉 100x109/l, serum creatinine level 〈 250 mcmol/l, AST and ALT 〈 3xULN. Pts with prior exposure to bortezomib were excluded. Treatment regimen was B 70 mg/m2 day 1-8, V 1.3 mg/m2 day 1-8-15-22 and D 20 mg day 1-8-15-22 every 28 days. 6 cycles were administered. Responders were assigned to receive maintenance treatment with 6 additional cycles administered 1 month out of 2. Response was evaluated according to IMWG criteria. Response rate was the primary objective. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and toxicity were secondary end-points. Results From 03/2010 to 07/2011, 73 pts were included. Median age was 75.8 years (range 66-86). Median time from diagnosis to inclusion was 29 months. All pts received only 1 prior line of therapy: Melphalan-Prednisone (MP) in 12, MP-Thalidomide in 42, Lenalidomide-Dexamethasone (LD) in 14, other IMiD-based regimen in 5. Median treatment cycles administered was 7 (1-12). 51 pts (69.8%) achieved at least partial response [best response CR: 10 pts (13.6%), VGPR: 12 pts (16.5%), PR: 29 pts (39.7%), MR: 4 pts (5.5%), SD: 5 pts (6.8%), progression: 12 pts (16.5%), unrelated early death: 1 pt (1.3%)]. Median PFS was 10.8 months (95%CI: 7-18.2 months) and median OS 23 months (15.4-27.5). Adverse prognostic factors for PFS were PS ECOG 2 (p=0.0002), beta 2 microglobulin level 〉 3.5 mg/l (p=0.0006) and del17p (p=0.01). 26 pts (35.6%) completed the planned 12 cycles of treatment. Cause of treatment discontinuation was progressive MM in 30 pts (41.1%), failure to achieve PR in 5 pts (6.8%), adverse event in 10 pts (13.6%), patient refusal and unknown 1 pt (1.3%) each. 37 pts (50.6%) had died at time of final analysis. Cause of death was MM in 30 pts, sepsis in 5 pts, renal failure in 1 pt and unrelated in 1 pt. Grade 3-4 adverse events were neutropenia: 14 pts (19.1%), thrombocytopenia: 8 pts (10.9%), sepsis: 14 pts (19.1%), gastro-intestinal: 6 pts (8.2%), anaphylaxis: 2 pt (2.7%). Grade 2 peripheral neuropathy occurred in 8 pts (10.%) and grade 3 in 3 pts (4.1%). Conclusions In this elderly population with poor prognosis MM, BVD combination provides a high overall response rate and manageable toxicity. These results compare favourably with those achieved with VD or LD. Disclosures: Roussel: CELGENE: Honoraria; JANSSEN: Honoraria. Leleu:CELGENE: Honoraria; JANSSEN: Honoraria. Cony-Makhoul:BMS: Honoraria. Avet-Loiseau:CELGENE: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; JANSSEN: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Moreau:Janssen: Honoraria; Janssen and Millennium: Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1182/blood.V122.21.1971.1971

Language: English

Publisher: American Society of Hematology

Publication Date: 2013

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detail.hit.zdb_id: 80069-7

In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 116, No. 21 ( 2010-11-19), p. 614-614

Abstract: Abstract 614 We previously reported that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) from newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients were abnormal. In particular, we showed that Growth Differentiation 15 (GDF15) expression was higher in MM BMMSCs than in normal BMMSCs. GDF15 is a divergent member of the human TGFβ superfamily. GDF15 overexpression has been described in numerous malignancies and its concentration is increased in the serum of patients with glioma, prostate, colorectal or pancreatic cancers. Contradictory data prevent to understand clearly GDF15 implication in pathophysiology of tumors. Furthermore, GDF15 has never been studied in haematological malignancies. Our first objective was thus to determine the effect of human recombinant GDF15 (rGDF15) on MOLP-6 stroma-dependent cell line and MM1.S stroma-independent cell line under serum free culture conditions. rGDF15 could significantly increase cell survival in MOLP-6 but not in MM1.S. Interestingly, rGDF15 was able to induce Akt phosphorylation on Threonine 308 in MOLP-6 and primary MM cells but not in MM1.S cells. Furthermore, pre-treatment of MOLP-6 with Akt pharmacologic inhibitor abrogated the prosurvival effect of GDF15, suggesting an Akt-dependent mechanism. In the same culture conditions, we observed that rGDF15 could abrogate toxicity of drugs classically used in MM treatment (melphalan, bortezomid and lenalidomide) for both cell lines MOLP-6 and MM1.S, suggesting that this cytoprotective effect may be Akt-independent. Because of the in vitro effects of GDF15, our second objective was to determine whether the plasma concentration of GDF15 (pGDF15) in patients with MM may be indicative of the seriousness of the disease or correlate with the response to the treatment. Thus, we investigated the pGDF15 in 131 patients with newly diagnosed MM and 13 healthy subjects. We first found that it was significantly higher for patients with MM (0.90±1.10 ng/mL) than for healthy subjects (0.25±0.08 ng/mL) (P 〈 .001). In patients with MM, pGDF15 correlated with the main prognostic factor of the disease (i.e. International Staging System, b2 microglobulin level, presence or absence of deletion of chromosome 13, and bone status). For the 81 patients with high pGDF15 level (≥ 0.50 ng/mL), the probabilities of event-free and overall survival 30 months after diagnosis were 50% and 75%. For the 50 patients with low pGDF15 level ( 〈 0.5 ng/mL), the probabilities were 80% and 97% (P 〈 .0045 and P 〈 .013, respectively). However, we did not find a clear relationship between pGDF15 and response to treatment. We analysed the impact of prognostic factors on event-free survival for the 131 patients with MM. On univariate analysis, event-free survival was significantly related to age (P= .003), b2-microglobulin level (P= .02) and pGDF-15 level (P= .003). On multivariate analysis, event-free survival was significantly related to age (P= .001) and pGDF15 level (P= .04). Our study demonstrates that GDF15 is a survival and cytoprotective factor for MM cells and that pGDF15 is related to initial parameters of the disease and survival, which specifically implicates the MM microenvironment in the pathophysiology and the prognosis of the disease. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1182/blood.V116.21.614.614

Language: English

Publisher: American Society of Hematology

Publication Date: 2010

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detail.hit.zdb_id: 80069-7

In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 118, No. 21 ( 2011-11-18), p. 1612-1612

Abstract: Abstract 1612 INTRODUCTION: in follicular lymphoma (FL) patients with high tumor burden (as defined by GELF criteria), R-CHOP is the standard upfront immunochemotherapy. Results from the PRIMA study suggest that a positive PET after induction therapy predicts for earlier relapses, even despite maintenance with rituximab (RTX) for two years [Trotman J, 2011]. For patients under 65y, who relapse after R-CHOP+/−RTX maintenance with high tumor burden, R-chemo+autografting is a recommended option. In a retrospective cohort of 43 relapsed FL pts in two French University Hospitals, we explored the role of such a strategy on outcome - in the era of new RTX based modalities - and also evaluated the impact of PET results before autografting. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with relapsed FL after R-CHOP, with at least 1 GELF criteria at relapse (high tumor burden), and who received R-chemo before autografting were eligible. IWC+PETresponse criteria (Cheson 2007) were used, after R-CHOP frontline, and after salvage (before autografting). Patients with Richter transformation at relapse were excluded from this study. OS was calculated from date of salvage to date of death or last follow-up; progression-free survival (PFS) and time to next treatment (TTNT) were calculated from completion of salvage to date of FL relapse or next chemotherapy, respectively. RESULTS: 43 pts (60% males) younger than 65y were identified: they received either FCR-based (2 cycles of FCR, 1 cycle of R-DHAP then stem cell harvest, 2 last cycles of FCR, n=25) or R-DHAP-based (4 cycles of R-DHAP or DHAOx (oxaliplatin replacing cisplatin), and stem cell harvest, n=18). Characteristics at salvage: median age was 54 (range 28–62), with median GELF score of 1 (1–4). Thirty % had progression within 6 mo of R-CHOP (refractory);median PFS was 12mo (range 1–40mo) andmedian TTNT was 15mo. RTX maintenance in 12/43 pts did not significantly increased PFS (15 vs 9 mo, p=0.1). FLIPI1 was low in 39%, Int 36%, high 25% of pts, and FLIPI2 was low in 22%, Int 62.5%, high 15.5% of pts. 1/43 pt had CD20- relapse (who received RTX maintenance), and received FC without RTX. Results: response to FCR/R-DHAP included CR+CRu 68/72%, PR 24/28% respectively, PET evaluation was found negative in 23.5/36% respectively (p=ns). Median stem cell harvest (median 2 leukaphereses) was 4.37 vs 7.8.106 CD34+/kg in FCR vs R-DHAP pts (Mann-Whitney p=0.09), without failure (only one patient required plerixafor). Four patients did not receive the planned autologous transplant (2 failures after FCR (including one Richter transformation), 1 hepatitis before conditioning regimen, 1 withdrawal of consent). Conditioning regimen for the remaining 39 pts was BEAM in 16 (4 FCR+12 R-DHAP), Zevalin-BEAM in 23 pts (9 FCR+14 R-DHAP), including 9 pts who further received RTX maintenance post-autografting. At a median follow up of living pts of 18mo, 9 pts had relapsed, of which 8 needed additional therapy. At time of analysis (June 2011), 37 pts were alive. Causes for death included 1 pancytopenia and infection, 1 Richter syndrome, 1second cancer, 2 complications of allografting (received later on). Late complications were common: pancytopenia or prolonged grade III-IV neutropenia ( 〉 3mo) after procedure occurred in 5/43 pts (3 FCR, 2 R-DHAP, without evidence of MDS/AML in these cases), Richter syndrome occurred in 2 patients (1 death), second cancer in 3 pts (1 Hodgkin, 1 womb sarcoma, 1 lung cancer). On an intend-to-treat basis, 41 pts are evaluable. For FCR/R-DHAP pts, 2y PFS was 68/68%, 2y TTNT 80/70%, and 2y OS 73/100%, respectively (logrank p=ns). Two years TTNT tended to be higher in pts receiving Z-BEAM (55 vs 83%), or with PET negativity before autografting (70 vs 85%), both without reaching significance (logrank p=0.1). PET negativity before autografting was the only variable statistically associated with superior OS in our series (logrank p=0.0003). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that PET negativity before consolidative autografting is an achievable and desirable goal in FL salvaged after R-CHOP. Disclosures: Ysebaert: Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1182/blood.V118.21.1612.1612

Language: English

Publisher: American Society of Hematology

Publication Date: 2011

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detail.hit.zdb_id: 80069-7

In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 118, No. 21 ( 2011-11-18), p. 1858-1858

Abstract: Abstract 1858 Introduction: High dose therapy (HDT) with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a standard treatment option for eligible frontline myeloma patients (pts). However, almost all patients ultimately relapse. Thus, new strategies are required to control the residual disease after HDT. Consolidation therapy, given early after HDT, could enhance the depth of response and further improve progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). We previously reported that either Thalidomide or Lenalidomide given after HDT was able to reduce this residual disease (IFM 99-02 and 2005-02 trials). During last EHA meeting (abstract #510)., Cavo M et al., updated results of their recently published phase 3 trial. Consolidation by Bortezomib-Thalidomide-Dexamethasone (VTD) after VTD induction and double ASCT improved response in 31 % of pts and 61 % of them achieved CR. This translated into a gain of PFS (62 % at 3 years) and a reduction of the relative risk of progression or death of 36 %. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of early consolidation therapy and its impact on PFS. Patients and Methods: In this prospective monocenter study, pts were eligible to receive early consolidation if they had the following: 1) at least partial response (PR) after HD melphalan (HDM), 2) no grade ≥ 2 peripheral neuropathy (PNY). The consolidation regimen was: vTD 61%, Lenalidomide 23%, Lenalidomide plus Dexamethasone 13% and Bortezomib-Lenalidomide-Dexamethasone (VRD) 3%. Consolidation had to be started within 3 months from HDM with no following maintenance. Response was assessed according to International Myeloma Working Group uniform response criteria 1 month after the last cycle of consolidation. The duration of PFS was calculated for all patients from time to HDT to time of progression, relapse, death from any cause or to last contact. PFS was analysed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: From February 2007 to December 2010, 100 frontline MM pts under 65 received HDM followed by ASCT. Seventy six pts were eligible for consolidation (conso group), 24 pts were not (no conso group). After HDT, response rates were: VGPR=29%, and CR=71% in the no conso group, vs PR=20%, VGPR=55%, and CR=25% in the conso group (p 〈 0.001). Early consolidation upgraded response in 17% of pts with PR=11%, VGPR=49%, and CR=36%. Three pts had progressive disease after or during consolidation. Median follow up is similar for the 2 groups (20 months). Maybe due to unbalanced response repartition, there was no impact of consolidation on PFS (median 25 mos in the 2 groups). Nevertheless, estimated median PFS was not reached in pts achieving CR after consolidation vs 27 mos in pts in CR after HDT in the no conso group (ns). If we focus on response after consolidation, estimated median PFS was not reached in CR pts versus 20 mos in PR pts, and 21 mos in VGPR pts (p=·006; figure 1), irrespective of post HDT status (already in CR or not). Moreover, if we compare pts in VGPR after ASCT (42) we observe two groups: those who upgrade their response to CR (19%) and those who stay in VGPR. The first group achieve the same PFS than patients in CR post ASCT and staying in CR after consolidation (28 mos). Interestingly, those pts (pts upgrading their response) present a longer PFS than those staying in VGPR post consolidation 28 mos versus 20 mos (p=0,032). Conclusion: Our data suggest that achieving CR after consolidation therapy is a major end-point to improve PFS, maybe even in pts already in CR after HDT. So we could propose to treat pts with consolidation until they obtain CR, they achieve a plateau or they present toxicities. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1182/blood.V118.21.1858.1858

Language: English

Publisher: American Society of Hematology

Publication Date: 2011

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detail.hit.zdb_id: 80069-7

In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 116, No. 21 ( 2010-11-19), p. 951-951

Abstract: Abstract 951 AML cells with CD34+CD38-CD123+ phenotype represent a subset enriched in leukemic stem cells. Moreover, this subpopulation has been described to be resistant to genotoxic agents as compared with leukemic bulk. However, the clinical impact of the amount of CD34+CD38-CD123+ remains poorly described. In this study we evaluated the prognostic impact of the amount of CD34+CD38-CD123+ cells detected at diagnosis in a series of AML patients treated by intensive chemotherapy according to trials from the French GOELAMS group. Quantification of blast cells with the CD34+CD38-CD123+ phenotype was achieved by flow cytometry in 111 patients less than 66 years old with de novo AML treated by 3+7-like chemotherapy. The characteristics of the patients are shown in table 1. Age, WBC count, NPM1 mutation and FLT3-ITD had no impact on achievement of complete response (CR) whereas, CD34+CD38-CD123+ ( 〉 15%) and unfavourable karyotype were significantly correlated with lack of CR. By logistic regression, CD34+CD38-CD123+ ( 〉 15%) retains significance for CR achievement with an OR of 0.3 (0.11-0.84) (p=0.02). For the 91 complete responders, age, WBC count, karyotype, NPM1 mutation had no impact on disease-free survival (DFS).Interestingly, patients with 〈 1%, 1–15%, 〉 15% CD34+CD38-CD123+ had a median DFS of 57.6 (SE 6.6), 11.2 (SE 7.5) and 9.2 (SE 13.4) months, respectively (p 〈 0.0001, figure 1). FTL3-ITD was also significantly associated with a shorter DFS. In multivariate analysis, CD34+CD38-CD123+ 〈 1% was significantly associated with a longer DFS (p=0.00025). Age, %CD34+CD38-CD123+, karyotype, NPM mutation and FLT3-ITD significantly influenced overall survival (OS) whereas WBC count had no impact. Median OS was particularly impressive for patients with CD34+CD38-CD123+ 〈 1%. Indeed, median OS was 78.2 (SE 10.7), and 15.3 (SE 5.8) months for CD34+CD38-CD123+ 〈 1% vs others, respectively (p 〈 0.0001, figure 1). Multivariate analysis for OS retains two significant factors: adverse karyotype (95%CI, 1.19–4.02, p=0.012) and CD34+CD38-CD123+ 〈 1% (95%CI, 0.12–0.52, p=0.00018). Moreover, although the number of patients was low in favourable karyotype (CBF), CD34+CD38-CD123+ 〈 1% had a major impact on both DFS, median 57.6 vs 10.2 months for 〉 1% (HR, 0.19, 0.06–0.59, p=0.0038) and OS, median not reached vs 18.5 months (p=0.0025). This study emphasizes the prognosis impact of the CD34+CD38-CD123+ cell burden in AML patients, which is predictive for shorter OS and DFS when representing more than 1% of the leukemic cells, regardless of the usual prognosis categories. We provide here a new prognosis marker that may be easily translated to the clinical practice in AML although it remains to be validated on a large prospective cohort of patients. Moreover, new therapies targeting this subpopulation could help to improve outcome in AML patients.TableCharacteristics of patients.All patients N=111CD34+CD38-CD123+ 〈 1 % N=40CD34+CD38-CD123+ 1-15% N=20CD34+CD38-CD123+ 〉 15% N=20Gender, M/F50/6219/2124/276/14Age, median48 (20–65)47 (20–65)51 (20–64)50 (21–65)WBC,median (G/L)33.2 (1–254)13.8 (1–237.7)41 (1.3–254)32.9 (2.3–193.2)Favourable caryotype231184Intermediate caryotype6924378Unfavourable caryotype19568NPM1 mutation28/957/3116/455/19FLT3-ITD33/1007/3421/475/19Complete Response91 (82%)36 (90%)42 (81.4%)13 (65%)Relapse53 (58.2%)13 (36.1%)30 (71.4%)10 (76.9%)Allogeneic-SCT33 (36.3%)11 (30.6%)15 (35.7%)7 (53.8%) Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1182/blood.V116.21.951.951

Language: English

Publisher: American Society of Hematology

Publication Date: 2010

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detail.hit.zdb_id: 80069-7

In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 124, No. 21 ( 2014-12-06), p. 3383-3383

Abstract: Background. The depth of Hypogammaglobulinemia has been related to adverse prognosis in myeloma for decades, but most importantly, it has been suggested that its recovery following treatment was associated with good outcome and prolonged survival. However, none of the traditional techniques has allowed a precise measurement of isotype-matched (i.e. concentrations of IgGκ in an IgGλ myeloma patient) hypogammaglobulinemia. Recently, a new test quantifying paired clonal and non-clonal immunoglobulins (heavy/light chains HLC i.e. IgGκ/IgGλ) in serum was developed. Here we aim to assess the new HLC assays as tools to measure Hypogammaglobulinemia, and potentially replace traditional techniques for the monitoring of patients with myeloma. Materials and methods. 107 (59 IgGκ, 29 IgGλ, 12 IgAκ, 7 IgAλ) myeloma patients treated with pomalidomide and dexamethasone in two IFM studies (IFM 2009-02 in end-stage RRMM, and IFM 2010-02 in del17p and t(4;14) RRMM ) were included. The criteria for selection were that patients had measurable intact immunoglobulin myeloma according to IMWG criteria (M spike ≥10g/L), using serum and/or urine protein electrophoresis, with exclusion of patients solely measurable on UPEP and sFLC. All sera were collected centrally before initiation of treatment and sequentially every cycle until progression. Hevylite® (HLC) was measured in the biology laboratory of CHRU of Lille (France). For each patient we have measured the clonal isotype HLC level, and the corresponding non-clonal paired isotype HLC level, e.g. for IgAκ myeloma, the IgAλ non-clonal paired isotype. (Normal ranges: IgGκ 3.84-12.07, IgGλ 1.91-6.74 and IgGκ/IgGλ 1.12-3.21; IgAκ 0.57-2.08, IgAλ 0.44-2.04 and IgAκ/IgAλ 0.78-1.94 g/L). Results. Overall, 98 (92%) patients had an abnormal suppressed uninvolved HLC level at baseline with suppression being more common in IgG than IgA patients (95% v 73%, p 〈 0.001), and 94 (87%) at the time the greatest response was reached (IgG 90% 〉 IgA 77%), meaning that the vast majority of patients had not recovered from hypogammaglobulinemia at the time of best response. The median uninvolved IgG and IgA HLC concentrations at baseline were 0.62 and 0.2 g/L respectively (range: 05-6.9; 0.01-5.6). At best, response levels reached were 0.53 and 0.24g/L respectively (0.01-5.6; 0.01-7.4). Interestingly, more patients had recovered in the IFM 2009-02 study compared to the IFM2010-02 study, essentially different in the number of prior lines of therapy (3 and 9, respectively). We then sought to understand the relationship with response to therapy. We noted that very few patients’ hypogammaglobulinemia levels normalized completely, nor did their uninvolved paired isotype HLC levels normalize. However, we found that 55% of responders (IMWG) had improved levels (by at least 20%) of the uninvolved paired isotype HLC compared to 18.5% of the non-responders (p=0.001). Similarly, an improvement of at least 50% in the levels of uninvolved paired isotype HLC was achieved by 35% of responders compared to 13% of non-responders, respectively (p=0.013); an improvement of 75% was reached by 22.5% of responders and 7.4% of non-responders (p=0.028). This data strongly correlated to the depth of response, since, for example, 75% of patients in VGPR or better had improved levels of uninvolved paired isotype HLC by 50% at the time of greatest response, compared to 31% for PR and 13% for SD (p=0.005). Similar correlations were seen for 20% (p 〈 0.0001) and 75% (p=0.16) recoveries. Conclusion. The mechanism of immunosuppression in myeloma patients is poorly understood. Here we have shown for the first time that isotype-matched hypogammaglobulinemia correlates to depth of response. Hypogammaglobulinemia is important to assess not only because of its greater risk of infectious complications, often severe in myeloma, but also as it plays a predictive role in occurrence of response and more importantly depth of response. Future studies are needed to unravel the relationship between debulking of tumor cells and correction of hypogammaglobulinemia; in other words, is repopulating of the marrow with normal B cells associated to better outcome, and how does this affect the homeostasis of the bone marrow in its ability to support tumour cells. Disclosures Stoppa: Celgene Jansen: Honoraria. Marit:Celgene, Janssen: Congress expenses Other.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1182/blood.V124.21.3383.3383

Language: English

Publisher: American Society of Hematology

Publication Date: 2014

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detail.hit.zdb_id: 80069-7

In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 120, No. 21 ( 2012-11-16), p. 3096-3096

Abstract: Abstract 3096 Background. Several studies have demonstrated the impact of VTd on response rates and PFS either as induction or consolidation regimen. However there are limitations to these studies, especially that no data is available regarding the role of VTd consolidation in the context of bortezomib-triple based VTd induction regimen followed by a single auto. At completion of therapy, the response rate (ORR, PR and better) was 89%, VGPR+CR rate 74%, CR rate 29%, relapse rate and median PFS was 53% and 26 months (median F-up 32 months) in the VTd arm of the phase 3 IFM2007-02 trial conducted for newly diagnosed MM (Moreau et al, Blood 2012). In this study, only a minority of patients had received a consolidation or maintenance. On the other hand, Cavo et al. (Blood 2012) reported 97.5%, 92%, 61%, 39% 3-year progression and 62% estimated 5-year PFS (F-up 43 months) respectively in the VTd arm. VTd was given as induction before and consolidation after double auto in this upfront GIMEMA phase 3 trial (Cavo et al, Lancet 2010). We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of VTd as consolidation therapy in the context of VTd as induction regimen followed by a single auto (VTd-auto-VTd regimen). Method. This study has included a first group of 121 newly diagnosed MM from 2009 to 2011 across 9 IFM centers. Patients were to be eligible for auto upfront, aged less than 65 and treated with VTd-auto-VTd regimen. The second cohort included MM treated with VTd-auto without consolidation from the IFM2007-02 trial (n=76). A third cohort comprised MM that received upfront a triplet Vd-based combination induction (VCd, VRd) -auto without consolidation (n = 40). Results. In the whole study, the median age was 56 years, the sex ratio was 1,49, 50% had ISS 2 and 3, 22% had adverse FISH [t(4;14); del17p] (similar in the 3 groups). Overall, the ORR was identical in the 3 cohorts at completion of therapy, 104 (86%), 72 (94%) and 32 (80%) for the cohort 1 to 3, respectively. Nevertheless, the CR rate was significantly greater in patients that received a consolidation (cohort 1), as compared to the cohorts 2 and 3 that did not receive any consolidation, 59 (53%) vs. 26 (34%) and 13 (32.5%), respectively (p=0.0001). Interestingly, the CR rates were identical at the end of the induction in the 3 cohorts, 13%, 15% and 22.5%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 25 months, the incidence rate of relapse was significantly greater in the cohort 2 and 3 versus 1, further demonstrating the importance of the consolidation, 25 (21%), 42 (55%) and 13 (32.5%) patients (p=0.0001), respectively; and 9 (8%), 6 (8%) and 8 (20%) had died in cohorts 1 to 3 (p=0.07). The median (95%CI) PFS was not reached in cohort 1, and was 32 (28;36) months and 30 (26;33) months in cohort 2 and 3, respectively. Importantly, 54.5%, 32% and 32% of patients were free of relapse at 32 months in the 3 cohorts, respectively. Similar data were obtained for TTP. The median (95%CI) OS was not significantly different in cohorts 1 to 3, although not reached for the first 2 cohorts and 38 (33;43) months for the 3rdcohort. The 3-year survival was 84%, 91% and 76%, respectively (p=ns). A longer follow up will certainly demonstrate greater survival end points benefit in favor for consolidation. The safety profile of the cohort that contained a consolidation was superimposable to that of the remaining 2 cohorts without consolidation. The incidence rate of hematological EIs of grade 3 and 4 was 4%, 6% and 8% in the 3 cohorts (p=ns), respectively. The incidence rate of neuropathy grade 1–2 and 3–4 was 5% and 2% in the cohort 1 with consolidation, but only 1% occurred during the consolidation. This data compares favorably to the 3% reported in the cohort 2 (Moreau et al. Blood 2012). We have also observed 9 (9%) thromboembolic events (TE), 8 of venous type and 1 arterial. None of them happened during the consolidation, and again, this incidence rate if superimposable to that reported in the IFM2007-02 vTd cohort. Conclusion. This study showed an impressive increase in CR rate in relation to the consolidation that translated into a lower relapse rate. This study also demonstrated that the VTd regimen, used both as induction and consolidation, in the context of a single auto upfront in MM, significantly contributed to improve clinical outcomes with an acceptable toxicity profile. VTd-auto-VTd compared very favorably to the other upfront protocols, and may become in the near future a standard of care in newly diagnosed patients with Myeloma. Disclosures: Leleu: Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Sanofi: Honoraria; Onyx: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; LeoPharma: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Off Label Use: Pomalidomide. Roussel:celgene: Honoraria; janssen: Honoraria. Facon:onyx: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; millenium: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Attal:celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1182/blood.V120.21.3096.3096

Language: English

Publisher: American Society of Hematology

Publication Date: 2012

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detail.hit.zdb_id: 80069-7

In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 131, No. 3 ( 2018-01-18), p. 301-310

Abstract: Rd continuous significantly extended OS compared with MPT and resulted in comparable OS to that with Rd18 in patients with multiple myeloma. Patients achieving complete or very good partial response with Rd benefited greatly from continuous vs fixed treatment in terms of PFS.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-07-795047

Language: English

Publisher: American Society of Hematology

Publication Date: 2018

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468538-3

detail.hit.zdb_id: 80069-7

In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 122, No. 21 ( 2013-11-15), p. 406-406

Abstract: This randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial investigated the efficacy of lenalidomide (LEN) maintenance after transplantation for multiple myeloma. Patients, under 65 years of age, with non-progressive disease after a first-line autologous stem-cell transplant (ASCT) were randomized to receive maintenance with placebo or LEN (10 to 15 mg/d) until disease progression or unacceptable toxic effects. From July 2006 to August 2008, 614 patients were randomized. In January 2011, the DSMB recommended to stop LEN due to the increased incidence of second primary malignancies (SPMs). The median duration of maintenance treatment with LEN was 2 years (IQ range= 1-3). We previously reported this trial with a median follow-up of 45 months (Attal et al, N Engl J Med 2012). Results As of May 2013, median follow-up was 70 months from diagnosis and 60 months from randomization. LEN maintenance improved the 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) post randomization: 42%, versus 18% with placebo (p 〈 0.0001), respectively. Overall, 403 patients had disease progression and 364 have started a second line therapy. The median 2nd PFS for the treated patients (time from progression in first-line to the second progression or last follow-up or death) was 10 months within the LEN arm versus 18 months within the placebo arm (p 〈 0.0001), respectively. The median 2nd PFS in the LEN and placebo groups were 9 and 8 months (NS) for patients treated with a bortezomib-based regimen, 8 months and 18 months (p 〈 0.01) for patients treated with an IMiD-based regimen, 14 months and 28 months (p=0.03) for patients treated with a regimen without new agents or with a second line ASCT, respectively. The 5-year post randomization overall survival (OS) was similar in the 2 groups: 68% in the LEN group versus 67% in the placebo group (HR=1). In the multivariate analysis, the OS was significantly related to age (p=0.001), International Staging System (p=0.03), and poor cytogenetics (t(4;14) or chromosome 17 deletion; p=0.008). The median survival after the first progression was 29 months in the LEN group versus 48 months in the placebo group (p 〈 0.0001). An increased incidence of SPMs was observed in the LEN group: 44 SPMs (hematologic: 20, non-hematologic: 24) in 35 patients were reported in the LEN group versus 28 SPMs (hematologic: 6, non-hematologic: 22) in 20 patients in the placebo group. The incidence of SPMs (excluding non melanoma skin cancers) was 2.3 per 100 patient-years in the LEN group versus 1.3 in the placebo group (p=0.03). Conclusion This new analysis confirms that lenalidomide is an effective treatment to prolong PFS after transplantation for multiple myeloma patients. However, this impressive benefit is not currently associated with an improved overall survival, due to a shorter survival after the first progression. Disclosures: Attal: CELGENE: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; JANSSEN: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Off Label Use: FRONTLINE THERAPY WITH CARFILZOMIB IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA. Facon:JANSSEN: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; CELGENE: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Hulin:JANSSEN: Honoraria; CELGENE: Honoraria. Moreau:JANSSEN: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; CELGENE: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Roussel:JANSSEN: Honoraria; CELGENE: Honoraria. Avet-Loiseau:JANSSEN: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; CELGENE: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1182/blood.V122.21.406.406

Language: English

Publisher: American Society of Hematology

Publication Date: 2013

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468538-3

detail.hit.zdb_id: 80069-7

In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 132, No. Supplement 1 ( 2018-11-29), p. 716-716

Abstract: Introduction: Multiple myeloma is one of the most debilitating hematological diseases. Most patients (pts) present with pain, fatigue, and bone lesions, and have a significantly worse health-related quality of life (HRQoL) compared with the general population. The IFM/DFCI 2009 trial demonstrated the clinical benefits of lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (RVd) as induction and consolidation therapy with or without stem cell transplantation (SCT) in newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) pts (Attal M, et al Blood 2015;126:abstract 391). RVd therapy plus SCT was associated with significantly longer progression-free survival in NDMM pts, although this did not translate to an overall survival (OS) benefit. The trial showed that transplant at time of relapse was feasible and not associated with a negative impact on OS. We evaluated changes in HRQoL in these pts, particularly during treatment with RVd to understand the impact of RVd with or without SCT on HRQoL. Methods: The IFM/DFCI 2009 trial was a phase 3, multicenter, randomized, open-label trial in adult pts (N = 700) with NDMM aged ≤ 65 years, and was conducted in France, Belgium, and Switzerland. Pts were randomized (1:1) to: RVd for three 3-week cycles as induction followed by 5 cycles as consolidation (RVd-alone); or RVd for three 3-week cycles as induction therapy followed by SCT and then RVd for consolidation (RVd-SCT). Both arms then received lenalidomide maintenance for 12 months. HRQoL was assessed using the EORTC QoL-Core Questionnaire, QLQ-C30, and the MM module QLQ-MY20. Key domains of interest were global QoL, physical functioning, role functioning, fatigue, and pain (QLQ-C30); and side effects of treatment and disease symptoms (QLQ-MY20). In both arms, assessments were performed on 9 occasions (including at baseline, during induction, consolidation, maintenance, end of treatment, and during follow-up visits). Mean QLQ-C30 scores from the general population (Scott NW, et al. EORTC QoL Group Publications: Brussels; 2008) were used as a benchmark to help interpret the study findings. Results: Compliance rates with the QLQ-C30 were generally high at baseline for both treatment arms (RVd-SCT 88.6%; RVd-alone 90.3%), and remained high at the end of the induction period (RVd-SCT 72%; RVd-alone 76%). Statistically significant (P 〈 0.05) improvements in mean changes from baseline were observed at the end of induction therapy with RVd for both treatment arms in the QLQ-C30 domains of global QoL, physical functioning, role functioning, and pain (not fatigue); and in the QLQ-MY20 domains of disease symptoms except for side effects of treatment (Table). Pts in the RVd-SCT group experienced a significant (P 〈 0.001) and clinically meaningful short-term worsening in most domains following SCT, but scores gradually improved over time. All key domains of interest for QLQ-C30 that were impaired at the time of diagnosis versus the reference values for the general population (male 52%; age range 50-59 years), improved over time in both treatment arms at the end of induction therapy, and continued to improve during consolidation and maintenance periods. Furthermore, these improvements were maintained throughout the rest of the post-treatment follow-up period and were at a level that was close, or equivalent to those experienced by the general population at follow-up visit 2 (Figure). Conclusions: Most functional and symptom domains of HRQoL that were impaired at the time of diagnosis significantly improved during treatment with RVd in SCT-eligible pts with NDMM. This improvement in HRQoL was further increased over the subsequent treatment phases to the level of HRQoL experienced by the general population. This study complements clinical data from the IFM/DFCI 2009 trial, which demonstrated that QoL outcomes for pts could be improved by combination therapy with lenalidomide and bortezomib, thus providing additional support for the use of RVd as induction and consolidation treatment for SCT-eligible pts with NDMM. Furthermore, RVd treatment post-induction seems to improve pt QoL (relative to baseline and measured just before SCT) and could potentially be a strategy to minimize the burden associated with SCT. Further research is warranted to help understand this impact. Disclosures Roussel: Takeda: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy. Hebraud:Amgen: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy, Other: Lecture fees, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Other: Lecture fees; travel and accommodation for congress, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy; Sanofi: Consultancy. Hulin:Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding. Perrot:Celgene: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria. Macro:Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Financial support for congress; Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Financial support for congress; Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Financial support for congress; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Financial support for congress. Belhadj:Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria. Garderet:Celgene: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy. Facon:Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding. Guo:Celgene Corporation: Consultancy. Altincatal:Evidera: Consultancy, Employment. Dhanasiri:Celgene International: Employment, Equity Ownership. Leleu:Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Incyte: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Mundipharma: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Karyopharm: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Moreau:Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-99-111477

Language: English

Publisher: American Society of Hematology

Publication Date: 2018

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detail.hit.zdb_id: 80069-7