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  • 1
    In: Blood, American Society of Hematology, Vol. 128, No. 22 ( 2016-12-02), p. 4941-4941
    Abstract: Introduction. Primary immune thrombocytopenia is a rare disease1. The incidence of ITP is not well estimated in Russia and worldwide. In adults it varies from 1,6 to 3,9/100 000 person-years2-3. The gender and age-associated results are discussed and differ in several investigations4-6. Study objectives: evaluation of the incidence of primary immune thrombocytopenia in adults in one region of Russia Patients and methods. The data source is the Registry of the patients with primary ITP in Russia. 272 adult patients: 77 males (28%) and 195 females (72%), age from 16 to 89 years (median 44 years) with ITP (ICD-10 code D69.3), newly diagnosed cases during the period from 12 Jan 2014 to 24 May 2016. Results. 221 (81%) cases were newly diagnosed in 12 regions of Russia in which registration was performed most actively - more than 5 cases for the duration of the study. But only one region was selected for the first evaluation of epidemiological characteristics because of the number of reasons. There is one hematological central clinic in this region in which diagnosis of ITP can be verified and patients with ITP are treated and monitored most properly. The early started and fully performed registration process can be regarded as covered most part of region population in this target region. 86 cases (27 male, 59 female) were registered in the target region. The gender-age distribution was following: male: age 〈 41 = 10 (37%), age 〈 41-60 = 7 (26%), age 〉 60 = 10 (37%); female: age 〈 29 = 10 (49%), age 〈 41-60 = 15 (25%), age 〉 60 = 15 (25%). The estimated incidence rate in the target region is shown in table 1. The estimated incidence rates in gender-age strata in the target region are demonstrated in table 2. Conclusion. Overall ITP incidence in one region of Russia is 3.20/100 000 person-years. It is compatible to the incidence in other European countries. Our data demonstrate the rise of incidence rate in males with age and its decrease with age in female population. Literature. 1) Rodeghiero F., Stasi R., Gernsheimer T., Michel M., Provan D., Arnold D.M., et al. Standardization of terminology, definitions and outcome criteria in immune thrombocytopenic purpura of adults and children: report from international working group. Blood. 2009; 113(11): 2386--93. doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-07-162503. 2) Terrell DR, Beebe LA, Vesely SK, Neas BR, Segal JB, George JN. The incidence of immune thrombocytopenic purpura in children and adults: A critical review of published reports. Am J Hematol. 2010; 85(3): 174-180. 3) Moulis G, Palmaro A, Montastruc J-L, Godeau B, Lapeyre-Mestre M, Sailler L. Epidemiology of incident immune thrombocytopenia: a natiowide population-based study in France. Blood. 2014; 124(22): 3308-3315. 4) Segal JB, Powe NR. Prevalence of immune thrombocytopenia: analyses of administrative data. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4: 2377-83 5) Schoonen WM, Kucera G, Coelson J, et al. Epidemiology of immune thrombocytopenic purpura in the General Practise Research Database. Br J Haematol 2009; 145(2): 235-244. 6) Lisukov I.A., Maschan A.A., Shamardina A.V., Chagorova T.V., Davydkin I.L., Sycheva T.M., et al. Immune thrombocytopenia: clinical manifestations and response to therapy. Intermediate analysis of data of the Russian register of patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia and review of literature. Oncogematologiya. 2013; 2: 61--9]. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0006-4971 , 1528-0020
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Hematology
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1468538-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 80069-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bentham Science Publishers Ltd. ; 2020
    In:  Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2020-05-19), p. 225-231
    In: Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., Vol. 23, No. 3 ( 2020-05-19), p. 225-231
    Abstract: Halogenated corticosteroids are widely used in medicine, and the global need of these steroidal APIs is estimated to be 40 – 70 tons, annually. Vietnam currently imports the pharmaceutical compounds up to 90%, in particular 100% of steroidal drugs. Currently, industrial production is based on the chemical syntheses of corticosteroids from either 16- dehydropregnenolone acetate (obtained from diosgenin) or androstenedione (obtained from phytosterol). The development of shorter synthetic schemes and more economically feasible technologies is of great significance. Introduction of 1(2)-double bond at the final stages of the corticosteroids synthesis results inpoor yield. 21-Acetoxypregna-1,4,9(11),16-tetraene-3,20-dione (tetraene acetate) is a key intermediate in the synthesis of highly active halogenated corticosteroids such as dexamethasone and other halogenated corticosteroids. 21-acetoxypregna-1,4,9(11),16- tetraene-3,20-dione is a key intermediate in the synthesis of dexamethasone from the readily available and cheap 9α-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione. Objective: The purpose of this study was the development of an efficient and shorter procedure for the synthesis of 21-acetoxypregna-1,4,9(11),16-tetraene-3,20-dione from 9α-hydroxyandrostenedione, which is a product of a bio-oxidative degradation of the side chain of phytosterols. Methods: Pregnane side chain was constructed using cyanohydrin method. For 1(2)- dehydrogenation, selene dioxide was applied for the introduction of Δ1(2)-double bond. Other stages of the synthesis were epimerization, Stork’s iodination procedure and dehydration. Result: 21-Acetoxypregna-1,4,9(11),16-tetraene-3,20-dione was prepared from 9α- hydroxyandrostenedione in yield more than 46%. Conclusion: An efficient and practically feasible procedure for the synthesis of 21-acetoxypregna- 1,4,9(11),16-tetraene-3,20-dione from 9α-hydroxyandrostenedione, a key intermediate for the synthesis of 9-haloidated corticoids, has been developed. The procedure can be applied for the production of value-added 9-haloidated corticoids.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1386-2073
    Language: English
    Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
    Publication Date: 2020
    SSG: 15,3
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