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SCORE2-Diabetes: 10-year cardiovascular risk estimation in type 2 diabetes in Europe

SCORE2-Diabetes Working Group and the ESC Cardiovascular Risk Collaboration ; Pennells, Lisa ; Kaptoge, Stephen ; [et al.]

Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023

In: European Heart Journal Vol. 44, No. 28 ( 2023-07-21), p. 2544-2556

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In: European Heart Journal, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 44, No. 28 ( 2023-07-21), p. 2544-2556

Abstract: To develop and validate a recalibrated prediction model (SCORE2-Diabetes) to estimate the 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes in Europe. Methods and results SCORE2-Diabetes was developed by extending SCORE2 algorithms using individual-participant data from four large-scale datasets comprising 229 460 participants (43 706 CVD events) with type 2 diabetes and without previous CVD. Sex-specific competing risk-adjusted models were used including conventional risk factors (i.e. age, smoking, systolic blood pressure, total, and HDL-cholesterol), as well as diabetes-related variables (i.e. age at diabetes diagnosis, glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c] and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ). Models were recalibrated to CVD incidence in four European risk regions. External validation included 217 036 further individuals (38 602 CVD events), and showed good discrimination, and improvement over SCORE2 (C-index change from 0.009 to 0.031). Regional calibration was satisfactory. SCORE2-Diabetes risk predictions varied several-fold, depending on individuals’ levels of diabetes-related factors. For example, in the moderate-risk region, the estimated 10-year CVD risk was 11% for a 60-year-old man, non-smoker, with type 2 diabetes, average conventional risk factors, HbA1c of 50 mmol/mol, eGFR of 90 mL/min/1.73 m2, and age at diabetes diagnosis of 60 years. By contrast, the estimated risk was 17% in a similar man, with HbA1c of 70 mmol/mol, eGFR of 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, and age at diabetes diagnosis of 50 years. For a woman with the same characteristics, the risk was 8% and 13%, respectively. Conclusion SCORE2-Diabetes, a new algorithm developed, calibrated, and validated to predict 10-year risk of CVD in individuals with type 2 diabetes, enhances identification of individuals at higher risk of developing CVD across Europe.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0195-668X , 1522-9645

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad260

Language: English

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Publication Date: 2023

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2001908-7

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Distinct genetic liability profiles define clinically relevant patient strata across common diseases

Trastulla, Lucia ; Dolgalev, Georgii ; Moser, Sylvain ; [et al.]

Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2024

In: Nature Communications Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2024-07-01)

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In: Nature Communications, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2024-07-01)

Abstract: Stratified medicine holds great promise to tailor treatment to the needs of individual patients. While genetics holds great potential to aid patient stratification, it remains a major challenge to operationalize complex genetic risk factor profiles to deconstruct clinical heterogeneity. Contemporary approaches to this problem rely on polygenic risk scores (PRS), which provide only limited clinical utility and lack a clear biological foundation. To overcome these limitations, we develop the CASTom-iGEx approach to stratify individuals based on the aggregated impact of their genetic risk factor profiles on tissue specific gene expression levels. The paradigmatic application of this approach to coronary artery disease or schizophrenia patient cohorts identified diverse strata or biotypes. These biotypes are characterized by distinct endophenotype profiles as well as clinical parameters and are fundamentally distinct from PRS based groupings. In stark contrast to the latter, the CASTom-iGEx strategy discovers biologically meaningful and clinically actionable patient subgroups, where complex genetic liabilities are not randomly distributed across individuals but rather converge onto distinct disease relevant biological processes. These results support the notion of different patient biotypes characterized by partially distinct pathomechanisms. Thus, the universally applicable approach presented here has the potential to constitute an important component of future personalized medicine paradigms.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2041-1723

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49338-2

Language: English

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Publication Date: 2024

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2553671-0

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datasheet6.docx

Scheidt, Stephanie ; Berg, Sonja ; Hambach, Ulrich ; [et al.]

Frontiers Media SA ; 2021

In: Frontiers in Earth Science Vol. 8 ( 2021-1-15)

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In: Frontiers in Earth Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 8 ( 2021-1-15)

Abstract: Loess-paleosol sequences (LPSs) are important terrestrial archives of paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic information. One of the main obstacles for the investigation and interpretation of these archives is the uncertainty of their age-depth relationship. In this study, four different dating techniques were applied to the Late Pleistocene to Holocene LPS Balta Alba Kurgan (Romania) in order to achieve a robust chronology. Luminescence dating includes analysis of different grain-size fractions of both quartz and potassium feldspar and the best results are obtained using fine-grained quartz blue‐stimulated and polymineral post-infrared infrared-stimulated luminescence measurements. Radiocarbon ( 14 C) dating is based on the analysis of bulk organic carbon (OC) and compound-specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA). Bulk OC and leaf wax-derived n -alkane 14 C ages provide reliable age constraints for the past c. 25–27 kyr. CSRA reveals post-depositional incorporation of roots and microbial OC into the LPS limiting the applicability of 14 C dating in older parts of the sequence. Magnetic stratigraphy data reveal good correlation of magnetic susceptibility and the relative paleointensity of the Earth’s magnetic field with one another as well as reference records and regional data. In contrast, the application of paleomagnetic secular variation stratigraphy is limited by a lack of regional reference data. The identification of the Campanian Ignimbrite/Y-5 tephra layer in the outcrop provides an independent time marker against which results from the other dating methods have been tested. The most accurate age constraints from each method are used for two Bayesian age-depth modeling approaches. The systematic comparison of the individual results exemplifies the advantages and disadvantages of the respective methods. Taken as a whole, the two age-depth models agree very well, our study also demonstrates that the multi-method approach can improve the accuracy and precision of dating loess sequences.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2296-6463

URL: Article

DOI: 10.3389/feart.2020.598448

DOI: 10.3389/feart.2020.598448.s001

DOI: 10.3389/feart.2020.598448.s002

DOI: 10.3389/feart.2020.598448.s003

DOI: 10.3389/feart.2020.598448.s004

DOI: 10.3389/feart.2020.598448.s005

DOI: 10.3389/feart.2020.598448.s006

Language: Unknown

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Publication Date: 2021

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2741235-0

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Effects of Upper-Extremity Progressive Resistance Strength Training in Older Adults: The Missing Picture

Liu, Chiung-ju ; Becker, Jaime ; Ford, Stephanie ; [et al.]

Informa UK Limited ; 2011

In: Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics Vol. 29, No. 4 ( 2011-11-29), p. 255-269

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In: Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 29, No. 4 ( 2011-11-29), p. 255-269

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0270-3181 , 1541-3152

URL: Article

DOI: 10.3109/02703181.2011.609644

Language: English

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Publication Date: 2011

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2093887-1

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A clinical trial alert tool to recruit large patient samples and assess selection bias in general practice research

Heinemann, Stephanie ; Thüring, Sabine ; Wedeken, Sven ; [et al.]

Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2011

In: BMC Medical Research Methodology Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2011-12)

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In: BMC Medical Research Methodology, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 2011-12)

Abstract: Many research projects in general practice face problems when recruiting patients, often resulting in low recruitment rates and an unknown selection bias, thus limiting their value for health services research. The objective of the study is to evaluate the recruitment performance of the practice staff in 25 participating general practices when using a clinical trial alert (CTA) tool. Methods The CTA tool was developed for an osteoporosis survey of patients at risk for osteoporosis and fractures. The tool used data from electronic patient records (EPRs) to automatically identify the population at risk (net sample), to apply eligibility criteria, to contact eligible patients, to enrol and survey at least 200 patients per practice. The effects of the CTA intervention were evaluated on the basis of recruitment efficiency and selection bias. Results The CTA tool identified a net sample of 16,067 patients (range 162 to 1,316 per practice), of which the practice staff reviewed 5,161 (32%) cases for eligibility. They excluded 3,248 patients and contacted 1,913 patients. Of these, 1,526 patients (range 4 to 202 per practice) were successfully enrolled and surveyed. This made up 9% of the net sample and 80% of the patients contacted. Men and older patients were underrepresented in the study population. Conclusion Although the recruitment target was unreachable for most practices, the practice staff in the participating practices used the CTA tool successfully to identify, document and survey a large patient sample. The tool also helped the research team to precisely determine a slight selection bias.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 1471-2288

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-11-16

Language: English

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Publication Date: 2011

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2041362-2

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Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol

NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) ; Taddei, Cristina ; Zhou, Bin ; [et al.]

Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020

In: Nature Vol. 582, No. 7810 ( 2020-06-04), p. 73-77

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In: Nature, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 582, No. 7810 ( 2020-06-04), p. 73-77

Abstract: High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries 1,2 . However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world 3 and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health 4,5 . However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol—which is a marker of cardiovascular risk—changed from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95% credible interval 3.7 million–4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions to improve nutrition and enhance access to treatment throughout the world.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0028-0836 , 1476-4687

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2338-1

RVK:

TA 1000

RVK:

UA 1000

RVK:

WA 15000

Language: English

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Publication Date: 2020

detail.hit.zdb_id: 120714-3

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1413423-8

SSG: 11

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National trends in total cholesterol obscure heterogeneous changes in HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio: a pooled analysis of 458 population-based studies in Asian and Western countries

NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) ; Taddei, Cristina ; Jackson, Rod ; [et al.]

Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020

In: International Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 49, No. 1 ( 2020-02-01), p. 173-192

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In: International Journal of Epidemiology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 49, No. 1 ( 2020-02-01), p. 173-192

Abstract: Although high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and non-HDL cholesterol have opposite associations with coronary heart disease, multi-country reports of lipid trends only use total cholesterol (TC). Our aim was to compare trends in total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio in Asian and Western countries. Methods We pooled 458 population-based studies with 82.1 million participants in 23 Asian and Western countries. We estimated changes in mean total, HDL and non-HDL cholesterol and mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio by country, sex and age group. Results Since ∼1980, mean TC increased in Asian countries. In Japan and South Korea, the TC rise was due to rising HDL cholesterol, which increased by up to 0.17 mmol/L per decade in Japanese women; in China, it was due to rising non-HDL cholesterol. TC declined in Western countries, except in Polish men. The decline was largest in Finland and Norway, at ∼0.4 mmol/L per decade. The decline in TC in most Western countries was the net effect of an increase in HDL cholesterol and a decline in non-HDL cholesterol, with the HDL cholesterol increase largest in New Zealand and Switzerland. Mean total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio declined in Japan, South Korea and most Western countries, by as much as ∼0.7 per decade in Swiss men (equivalent to ∼26% decline in coronary heart disease risk per decade). The ratio increased in China. Conclusions HDL cholesterol has risen and the total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio has declined in many Western countries, Japan and South Korea, with only a weak correlation with changes in TC or non-HDL cholesterol.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0300-5771 , 1464-3685

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz099

RVK:

XF 4100

Language: English

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Publication Date: 2020

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1494592-7

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Integrating Solid-State NMR and Computational Modeling to Investigate the Structure and Dynamics of Membrane-Associated Ghrelin

Vortmeier, Gerrit ; DeLuca, Stephanie H. ; Els-Heindl, Sylvia ; [et al.]

Public Library of Science (PLoS) ; 2015

In: PLOS ONE Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2015-3-24), p. e0122444-

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In: PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 10, No. 3 ( 2015-3-24), p. e0122444-

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 1932-6203

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.g001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.g002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.g003

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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.g007

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.g008

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.g009

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.g010

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.t001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.t002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.s001

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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.s003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.s004

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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.s006

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.s007

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.s008

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.s009

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.s010

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122444.s011

Language: English

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Publication Date: 2015

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267670-3

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Sharks associated with a large sand shoal complex: Community insights from longline and acoustic telemetry surveys

Reyier, Eric ; Ahr, Bonnie ; Iafrate, Joseph ; [et al.]

Public Library of Science (PLoS) ; 2023

In: PLOS ONE Vol. 18, No. 6 ( 2023-6-16), p. e0286664-

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In: PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 18, No. 6 ( 2023-6-16), p. e0286664-

Abstract: Offshore sand shoals are a coveted sand source for coastal restoration projects and as sites for wind energy development. Shoals often support unique fish assemblages but their habitat value to sharks is largely unknown due to the high mobility of most species in the open ocean. This study pairs multi-year longline and acoustic telemetry surveys to reveal depth-related and seasonal patterns in a shark community associated with the largest sand shoal complex in east Florida, USA. Monthly longline sampling from 2012–2017 yielded 2,595 sharks from 16 species with Atlantic sharpnose ( Rhizoprionodon terraenovae ), blacknose ( Carcharhinus acronotus ), and blacktip ( C . limbatus ) sharks being the most abundant species. A contemporaneous acoustic telemetry array detected 567 sharks from 16 species (14 in common with longlines) tagged locally and by researchers elsewhere along the US East Coast and Bahamas. PERMANOVA modeling of both datasets indicate that the shark species assemblage differed more across seasons than water depth although both factors were important. Moreover, the shark assemblage detected at an active sand dredge site was similar to that at nearby undisturbed sites. Water temperature, water clarity, and distance from shore were habitat factors that most strongly correlated to community composition. Both sampling approaches documented similar single-species and community trends but longlines underestimated the shark nursery value of the region while telemetry-based community assessments are inherently biased by the number of species under active study. Overall, this study confirms that sharks can be an important component of sand shoal fish communities but suggests that deeper water immediately adjacent to shoals (as opposed to shallow shoal ridges) is more valuable to some species. Potential impacts to these nearby habitats should be considered when planning for sand extraction and offshore wind infrastructure.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 1932-6203

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.g001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.g002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.g003

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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.g006

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.g007

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.g008

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.t001

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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.t003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.s001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.s002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.s003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.s004

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.s005

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.s006

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.s007

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.s008

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.r001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.r002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.r003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286664.r004

Language: English

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Publication Date: 2023

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267670-3

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A 68 ka precipitation record from the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile

Diederich, Julia L. ; Wennrich, Volker ; Bao, Roberto ; [et al.]

Elsevier BV ; 2020

In: Global and Planetary Change Vol. 184 ( 2020-01), p. 103054-

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In: Global and Planetary Change, Elsevier BV, Vol. 184 ( 2020-01), p. 103054-

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0921-8181

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2019.103054

RVK:

RA 1000

Language: English

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Publication Date: 2020

detail.hit.zdb_id: 20361-0

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016967-X

SSG: 13

SSG: 14

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