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Aerosol Characteristics and Their Impact on the Himalayan Energy Budget

Chand, Kesar ; Kuniyal, Jagdish Chandra ; Kanga, Shruti ; [et al.]

MDPI AG ; 2021

In: Sustainability Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2021-12-24), p. 179-

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In: Sustainability, MDPI AG, Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2021-12-24), p. 179-

Abstract: The extensive work on the increasing burden of aerosols and resultant climate implications shows a matter of great concern. In this study, we investigate the aerosol optical depth (AOD) variations in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) between its plains and alpine regions and the corresponding consequences on the energy balance on the Himalayan glaciers. For this purpose, AOD data from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS, MOD-L3), Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), India, and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) were analyzed. Aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) was assessed using the atmospheric radiation transfer model (RTM) integrated into AERONET inversion code based on the Discrete Ordinate Radiative Transfer (DISORT) module. Further, air mass trajectory over the entire IHR was analyzed using a hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. We estimated that between 2001 and 2015, the monthly average ARF at the surface (ARFSFC), top of the atmosphere (ARFTOA), and atmosphere (ARFATM) were −89.6 ± 18.6 Wm−2, −25.2 ± 6.8 Wm−2, and +64.4 ± 16.5 Wm−2, respectively. We observed that during dust aerosol transport days, the ARFSFC and TOA changed by −112.2 and −40.7 Wm−2, respectively, compared with low aerosol loading days, thereby accounting for the decrease in the solar radiation by 207% reaching the surface. This substantial decrease in the solar radiation reaching the Earth’s surface increases the heating rate in the atmosphere by 3.1-fold, thereby acting as an additional forcing factor for accelerated melting of the snow and glacier resources of the IHR.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2071-1050

URL: Article

DOI: 10.3390/su14010179

Language: English

Publisher: MDPI AG

Publication Date: 2021

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518383-7

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The Deadly Cost of Informal Lending: An Economic Model of Agrarian Suicide in Punjab

Johnson, Daniel K. N. ; Singh, Lakhwinder ; Bhangoo, Kesar Singh ; [et al.]

SAGE Publications ; 2023

In: Millennial Asia

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In: Millennial Asia, SAGE Publications

Abstract: The Indian state of Punjab, which initially benefited greatly from the green revolution, has suffered from a dramatic rise in agrarian suicides for several decades. We use a carefully constructed sample of over 1,000 farmers in the epicentre, and build a three-stage model of agricultural production decisions across multiple input and multiple output choices, indebtedness from multiple sources and suicide via an IPWRA (inverse probability weighted regression adjustment) treatment model to trace the potential roots of the situation. Results show that the use of informal credit from commission agents by farmers accounts for 10 percentage points (or 20%) of all suicides in our sample, regardless of other household factors and choices.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0976-3996 , 2321-7081

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1177/09763996231180145

Language: English

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Publication Date: 2023

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2753935-0

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Aerosols optical properties in dynamic atmosphere in the northwestern part of the Indian Himalaya: A comparative study from ground and satellite based observations

Guleria, Raj Paul ; Kuniyal, Jagdish Chandra ; Rawat, Pan Singh ; [et al.]

Elsevier BV ; 2011

In: Atmospheric Research Vol. 101, No. 3 ( 2011-8), p. 726-738

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In: Atmospheric Research, Elsevier BV, Vol. 101, No. 3 ( 2011-8), p. 726-738

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0169-8095

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2011.04.018

Language: English

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Publication Date: 2011

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2012396-6

detail.hit.zdb_id: 233023-4

SSG: 16,13

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Targeting public goods to the poor in a segregated economy: An empirical analysis of central mandates in rural India

Kochar, Anjini ; Singh, Kesar ; Singh, Sukhwinder

Elsevier BV ; 2009

In: Journal of Public Economics Vol. 93, No. 7-8 ( 2009-8), p. 917-930

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In: Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier BV, Vol. 93, No. 7-8 ( 2009-8), p. 917-930

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0047-2727

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2009.04.004

Language: English

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Publication Date: 2009

detail.hit.zdb_id: 1460611-2

detail.hit.zdb_id: 183995-0

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Bone marrow cytology in metastatic carcinoma

Singh, PA ; Agrawal, Ranjan ; Kesar Wani, RC ; [et al.]

Medknow ; 1997

In: Journal of Cytology Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 1997), p. 13-

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In: Journal of Cytology, Medknow, Vol. 14, No. 2 ( 1997), p. 13-

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 0970-9371

URL: Article

DOI: 10.4103/0970-9371.237504

Language: English

Publisher: Medknow

Publication Date: 1997

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2418980-7

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Land Use and Land Cover Change Monitoring and Prediction of a UNESCO World Heritage Site: Kaziranga Eco-Sensitive Zone Using Cellular Automata-Markov Model

Nath, Nityaranjan ; Sahariah, Dhrubajyoti ; Meraj, Gowhar ; [et al.]

MDPI AG ; 2023

In: Land Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2023-01-02), p. 151-

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In: Land, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2023-01-02), p. 151-

Abstract: The Kaziranga Eco-Sensitive Zone is located on the edge of the Eastern Himalayan biodiversity hotspot region. In 1985, the Kaziranga National Park (KNP) was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. Nowadays, anthropogenic interference has created a significant negative impact on this national park. As a result, the area under natural habitat is gradually decreasing. The current study attempted to analyze the land use land cover (LULC) change in the Kaziranga Eco-Sensitive Zone using remote sensing data with CA-Markov models. Satellite remote sensing and the geographic information system (GIS) are widely used for monitoring, mapping, and change detection of LULC change dynamics. The changing rate was assessed using thirty years (1990–2020) of Landsat data. The study analyses the significant change in LULC, with the decrease in the waterbody, grassland and agricultural land, and the increase of sand or dry river beds, forest, and built-up areas. Between 1990 and 2020, waterbody, grassland, and agricultural land decreased by 18.4, 9.96, and 64.88%, respectively, while sand or dry river beds, forest, and built-up areas increased by 103.72, 6.96, and 89.03%, respectively. The result shows that the area covered with waterbodies, grassland, and agricultural land is mostly converted into built-up areas and sand or dry river bed areas. According to this study, by 2050, waterbodies, sand or dry river beds, and forests will decrease by 3.67, 3.91, and 7.11%, respectively; while grassland and agriculture will increase by up to 16.67% and 0.37%, respectively. The built-up areas are expected to slightly decrease during this period (up to 2.4%). The outcome of this study is expected to be useful for the long-term management of the Kaziranga Eco-Sensitive Zone.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2073-445X

URL: Article

DOI: 10.3390/land12010151

Language: English

Publisher: MDPI AG

Publication Date: 2023

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2682955-1

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Bioactive flavonoid from the Commelina obliqua Vahl. and its In vitro anti-inflammatory activity

Singh, Kesar ; Yadava, R N ; Yadav, Ritu

Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry ; 2023

In: Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2023-03-12), p. 59-

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In: Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry, Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 13, No. 1 ( 2023-03-12), p. 59-

Abstract: 〈 em 〉 Commelina obliqua 〈 /em 〉 Vahl. This plant is a member of the Commelinaceae family, commonly referred to as the dayflower family. An entirely new bioactive compound recently discovered and identified 3, 5, 7, 3' 4′-pentahydroxy flavone-7-O-L-ribopyranosyl-3′-O-D-galactopyranoside having a melting point 320-22 〈 sup 〉 ° 〈 /sup 〉 C, molecular formula C 〈 sub 〉 26 〈 /sub 〉 H 〈 sub 〉 28 〈 /sub 〉 O 〈 sub 〉 16 〈 /sub 〉 , m/z [595-H] 〈 sup 〉 - 〈 /sup 〉 ESI-MS negative mode by different chemical color reactions, chemical decomposition, and spectral analysis 1HNMR, 13CNMR, Electron spray ionization mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. An 〈 em 〉 in vitro 〈 /em 〉 anti-inflammatory test revealed significant anti-inflammatory effects besides the degradation of egg albumin. Compound M illustrated the more percentage inhibitory action (123.1974%) of protein denaturation at 500 μg/ml, and Diclofenac sodium demonstrated less inhibitory activity (120.0627%) at the equivalent combination. As a result, Compound M inhibits protein denaturation more effectively than Diclofenac sodium at the same combination. Therefore, compound M may utilize as an anti-inflammatory source.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2028-3997

URL: Article

DOI: 10.13171/mjc03303021681singh

Language: Unknown

Publisher: Mediterranean Journal of Chemistry

Publication Date: 2023

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2735401-5

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Integrated remote sensing and field-based approach to assess the temporal evolution and future projection of meanders: A case study on River Manu in North-Eastern India

Debnath, Jatan ; Meraj, Gowhar ; Das Pan, Nibedita ; [et al.]

Public Library of Science (PLoS) ; 2022

In: PLOS ONE Vol. 17, No. 7 ( 2022-7-20), p. e0271190-

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In: PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 17, No. 7 ( 2022-7-20), p. e0271190-

Abstract: A common phenomenon associated with alluvial rivers is their meander evolution, eventually forming cutoffs. Point bar deposits and ox-bow lakes are the products of lateral bend migration and meander cutoff. The present study focuses on identifying the meanders of River Manu and their cutoffs. Moreover, this study compares the temporal evolution and predicts the progress of selected meanders of River Manu. In the present research, the Survey of India topographical map, satellite imagery, and geographic information system (GIS) technique were used to examine the evolution of the Manu River meander. Subsequently, a field visit was done to the selected cutoffs and meanders of River Manu to ascertain the present status and collect data. It has been observed that many cutoffs have undergone temporal changes, and their sizes have decreased. Some have become dried or converted to agricultural fields. The width of River Manu has decreased in all the selected bends from 1932 to 2017. The sinuosity index has changed from 2.04 (1932) to 1.90 (2017), and the length of the river has decreased by 7 km in 85 years (1932–2017). The decrease in length is evident from lowering the number of meanders. Uniformity coefficient and coefficient of curvature of the bank soil samples were calculated, indicating that the soil is poorly graded and falls under the cohesionless category. Based on cross-section analysis, sediment discharge, grain-size analysis of the bank material, channel planform change, and radius of curvature, it can be stated that almost all the selected bends have the probability of future cutoff. The highest probabilities were observed in bend 3 (Jalai) and bend 4 (Chhontail). This work is aimed to provide planners with decisions regarding the construction of roads and bridges in areas that show the huge dynamicity of river meandering.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 1932-6203

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g004

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g005

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g006

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g007

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g008

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g009

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g010

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g011

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g012

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g013

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g014

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g015

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g016

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g017

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g018

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g019

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.g020

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.t001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.t002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.t003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.t004

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.t005

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.t006

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.t007

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.t008

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.t009

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.s001

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.s002

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.s003

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.s004

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.s005

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.s006

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.s007

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.s008

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.s009

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.s010

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.s011

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.s012

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271190.s013

Language: English

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Publication Date: 2022

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2267670-3

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Shifting Sands: Assessing Bankline Shift Using an Automated Approach in the Jia Bharali River, India

Debnath, Jatan ; Sahariah, Dhrubajyoti ; Saikia, Anup ; [et al.]

MDPI AG ; 2023

In: Land Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2023-03-17), p. 703-

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In: Land, MDPI AG, Vol. 12, No. 3 ( 2023-03-17), p. 703-

Abstract: Bank erosion hazard is a frequent occurrence that poses threats to floodplain ecosystems. This analysis examined changes to the Jia Bharali River channel in India using the GIS-based Digital Shoreline Analysis System [DSAS]. The Jia Bharali’s future channel was predicted so as to identify the most erosion-susceptible zones. The rate of bankline movement was calculated using remotely sensed data collected over a period of 45 years (1976–2021). The results show that the river’s erosion and deposition rates were higher in the early years than towards the later part of the period under analysis. On the right and left banks of the river, the average shift rate was −9.22 and 5.8 m/y, respectively, which is comparatively high. The chosen portion of the river was evenly divided into three zones, A, B, and C. The most positively affected zone was zone A. The left bank of zone B exhibited a higher rate of erosion than the right bank, indicating that the river was moving to the left [eastward] in this zone. At the same time, the right bank was being eroded faster than the left, indicating a westward thrust at zone C. The predicted result demonstrates that the left bank of zone B and the right bank of zone C would have a higher average migration rate. Therefore, these banks were identified as being the most susceptible to bank erosion. The study evaluates the spatio-temporal change of the river in sensitive regions where neighboring settlements and infrastructure were at risk of changing channel dynamics. Using the actual and forecasted bankline, the degree of accuracy was confirmed. The results of the automated prediction approach could be useful for river hazard management in the Jia Bharali and in similar environmental settings with tropical high precipitation zones.

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 2073-445X

URL: Article

DOI: 10.3390/land12030703

Language: English

Publisher: MDPI AG

Publication Date: 2023

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2682955-1

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Antioxidant isolation and characterization from the plant Tradescantia spathacea Sw. of the Commelinaceae family

Singh, Kesar ; Yadava, R. N. ; Yadav, Ritu

Informa UK Limited ; 2023

In: Natural Product Research

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In: Natural Product Research, Informa UK Limited

Type of Medium: Online Resource

ISSN: 1478-6419 , 1478-6427

URL: Article

DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2213806

Language: English

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Publication Date: 2023

detail.hit.zdb_id: 2185747-7

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