In:
Journal of Orthoptera Research, Pensoft Publishers, Vol. 32, No. 1 ( 2023-04-24), p. 93-108
Abstract:
The biology of Patanga japonica (Bolívar, 1898), including seasonal nymphal growth, host plants, mating, oviposition, hatching, and adult morphology, was studied under outdoor and indoor conditions in central Japan. A field census showed that this grasshopper had a univoltine life cycle and overwintered in the adult stage. Body size was found to increase with a delay in the time of adult emergence in females but not in males, and protandry was observed. The insects were mainly associated with a few plant species. Feeding tests showed that at least one of the 5 test nymphs molted to the second stadium on 37 plant species, and more than 50% did so on 23 plant species. Mating was frequently observed in April and May under outdoor conditions, and the daily maximum number of copulating pairs was positively correlated with air temperature. Copulatory behavior, including stridulation, is described in detail. Oviposition was frequently observed in May and June under outdoor conditions. Larger females produced more eggs per pod, and a negative relationship was observed between egg lengths and the number of eggs per pod, showing a trade-off. On average, female adults had 124 ovarioles. Egg hatching occurred at different times during the daytime, but the eggs from each pod hatched synchronously. Synchronous hatching was also observed in eggs kept in groups of 2, 4, and 10, but hatching occurred earlier in larger group sizes. Eggs achieved synchronous hatching by either delaying or advancing hatching time. Two eggs separated by several millimeters hatched less synchronously than those kept in contact with one another. However, similarly separated eggs restored hatching synchrony when connected by thin wire, suggesting the involvement of vibrational signals in embryo–embryo communication. Morphometric analysis suggested that P. japonica adults change some morphometric ratios in response to crowding. Variation in pronotum shape was not significantly affected by crowding.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1937-2426
,
1082-6467
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig1
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig10
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig11
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig12
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig13
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig14
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig15
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig16
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig17
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig2
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig3
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig4
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig5
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig6
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig7
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig8
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.fig9
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.suppl1
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.suppl2
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.suppl3
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.suppl4
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.suppl5
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.suppl6
DOI:
10.3897/jor.32.95753.suppl7
Language:
Unknown
Publisher:
Pensoft Publishers
Publication Date:
2023
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2173771-X
SSG:
12
Bookmarklink