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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Spatial distribution mapping of permafrost in Mongolia using TTOP
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Permafrost and Periglacial Processes Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 2022-10), p. 386-405
    Details
    In: Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, Wiley, Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 2022-10), p. 386-405
    Abstract: This study presents the results of permafrost mapping in Mongolia based on the TTOP (temperature‐on‐top‐of‐permafrost) approach, which were validated against in situ measurements at various locations. In situ measurements indicated that the mean annual ground temperature (MAGT) ranged from 0.6 to 2.2°C interannually, showing the greatest variability when furthest from 0°C. The differences between the modeled and measured MAGTs exceeded ±1°C in locations where permafrost was in a nonequilibrium state and was controlled predominantly by local factors. It was estimated that permafrost occupies one‐third of Mongolia. We divided the extent of the permafrost into five zones: continuous, discontinuous, sporadic, isolated, and seasonally frozen ground. In total, the permafrost zones cover ~462.8 × 10 3  km 2 , accounting for 29.3% of Mongolia. Of this total area, continuous permafrost accounted for 118.3 × 10 3  km 2 (7.5%), discontinuous permafrost 127.7 × 10 3  km 2 (8.1%), sporadic permafrost 112.4 × 10 3  km 2 (7.1%), and isolated permafrost 104.4 × 10 3  km 2 (6.6%).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1045-6740 , 1099-1530
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.v33.4
    DOI: 10.1002/ppp.2165
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1479993-5
    SSG: 14
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Soil properties of the permafrost zone and differences among regions of Mongolia
    Mongolian Journals Online ; 2022
    In:  Mongolian Journal of Geography and Geoecology ( 2022-12-29), p. 65-73
    Details
    In: Mongolian Journal of Geography and Geoecology, Mongolian Journals Online, ( 2022-12-29), p. 65-73
    Abstract: The distribution of permafrost in Mongolia is sporadic and discontinuous depending on the location, landscape, and temperature. Also, the characteristics and patterns of its soil cover vary across the regions. In this study, we aimed to determine the characteristics of the soil cover distributed in the permafrost regions and differences across the regions of Mongolia. We divided the studied permafrost regions into Mongolian-Altai, Gobi-Altai, Khangai, and Khuvsgul, and collected 164 soil samples at fixed depths of 0-5 cm, 5-15 cm, 15-30 cm, and 30-60 cm in 41 soil profiles around permafrost monitoring boreholes. As the result, Kastanozems and Chernozems soils were dominated in the Khuvsgul and Khangai while Aridic Kastanozems soils were more prevalent in Mongolian-Altai and Gobi-Altai. The soil pH was from neutral to slightly alkaline, and the carbonate content was from low to moderate. The soil organic matter, available phosphorus, and potassium decreased with the depth of the soil profile. Soil texture was distributed evenly, and the content of gravel was in the order of Gobi-Altai, Mongolian-Altai, Khangai, and Khuvsgul. Considering soil organic carbon, at 0-60 cm, it was 4.2 kg m-2 in Mongolian-Altai, 3.0 kg m-2 in Gobi-Altai, 6.8 kg m-2 in Khangai, and 7.5 kg m-2 in Khuvsgul. Монгол орны цэвдэгт газрын хөрсний шинж чанар, бүс нутгийн ялгаа ХУРААНГУЙ Манай орны цэвдэг нь газарзүйн байрлал, ландшафт, температураас хамааран бүс нутаг бүрд адилгүй тасалданги, алаг цоог хэлбэртэйгээр тархсан. Үүнийгээ дагаад хөрсний шинж чанар, хэв шинж нь ялгаатай байдаг. Бид энэ судалгааг Монгол орны цэвдэгт бүс нутагт тархсан хөрсний шинж чанарыг тогтоох, бүс нутгийн хувьд ямар нэгэн ялгаа байгаа эсэхийг илрүүлэх зорилготой хийлээ. Ингэхдээ судалгааны талбайг Хангай, Хөвсгөл, Монгол-Алтай, Говь-Алтай гэж хуваан цэвдгийн цооногуудын ойролцоо 41 (30 нь цэвдэгтэй, 11 нь цэвдэггүй) хөрсний зүсэлт хийн 0-5 см, 5-15 см, 15-30 см, 30-60 см гэсэн тогтмол гүнүүдээс 164 ширхэг хөрсний дээж аван тодорхойлсон. Судалгааны үр дүнгээс үзэхэд Хөвсгөл, Хангайн бүсэд Хархүрэн, Харшороон хөрс давамгай зонхилж байсан бол Монгол-Алтай, Говь-Алтайд Цайвархүрэн хөрс илүүтэй тархжээ. Хөрсний хими шинж чанарын хувьд урвалын орчин саармагаас сул шүлтлэг, карбонатын агууламж багаас дунд зэрэг байна. Ерөнхий зүй тогтлын дагуу ялзмаг, хөдөлгөөнт фосфор, кали үе давхаргын гүн доошлох тусам багасаж байна. Хөрсний ширхгийн бүрэлдэхүүн жигд тархалтай, чулууны агууламж Говь-Алтай, Монгол-Алтай, Хангай, Хөвсгөл гэсэн мужлалын дараалалтай байлаа. Хөрсний органик нүүрстөрөгчийг авч үзвэл 0-60 см гүнд Монгол-Алтайд 4.2 кг м-2, Говь-Алтайд 3.0 кг м-2, Хангайд 6.8 кг м-2, Хөвсгөлд 7.5 кг м-2 байлаа. Түлхүүр үгс: Хөрс, Цэвдэг, Хөрсний органик нүүрстөрөгч, Монгол
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2706-7963
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5564/mjgg.v59i43.2513
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Mongolian Journals Online
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Surface temperature analysis on the eastern shore of Khuvsgul Lake
    Mongolian Journals Online ; 2022
    In:  Mongolian Journal of Geography and Geoecology ( 2022-12-29), p. 195-202
    Details
    In: Mongolian Journal of Geography and Geoecology, Mongolian Journals Online, ( 2022-12-29), p. 195-202
    Abstract: It is crucial to keep the eastern shore of Khuvsgul Lake, which is differentiated from other parts by its unique characteristics. For this case, it is necessary to study permafrost, which plays a certain role in the component of the uniqueness, of this region. Numerous studies have proven that the current climate change has caused accelerating permafrost loss. Therefore, we initiated a study to understand the permafrost condition on the eastern shore of Khuvsgul Lake. The preliminary findings of the study were presented. Nine locations, which were on the same line but had various natural characteristics, were selected for the study. FDD (freezing degree days) and TDD (thawing degree days) values of the sites as well as changes in the mean annual temperature were analyzed in the study. Between the study sites, the mean annual ground surface temperature ranged from -1.67°C to 1.04°C. For the FDD and TDD values of the studied area, site A-10, which was situated on a south-facing slope, had the higher temperature variations, ranging from -1573.2°C to 1953.1°C, while the study sites in the forest had the lower temperature variations, ranging from -881.3°C to 646.1°C. Also, the differences between the FDD and TDD values were highest and 379.9°C at A-10, whereas, it was lowest and -609.2°C at the valley site A-35, where shrubs were predominated. The temperature variations between winter and summer at the study sites were relatively lower and 17°C in the forested area, whereas relatively higher and 25.5°C in the non-forested area. Хөвсгөл нуурын зүүн эргийн гадаргын температурын анализ ХУРААНГУЙ Хөвсгөл нуурын зүүн эрэг нь өөрийн гэсэн өвөрмөц байгалийн тогтцоороо бусад үзэсгэлэнт газруудаас ялгарсаар ирсэн ба үүнийг зүй зохистой байгалийн унаган төрхөөр нь хадгалж үлдээх нь маш чухал юм. Үүний тулд тэрхүү байгалийн үзэсгэлэнт төрхийг бүрэлдүүлэхэд тодорхой хэмжээний үүрэгтэй оролцдог цэвдгийг тухайн бүс нутагт илүү нарийн судлан шинжлэх шаардлагатай. Сүүлийн жилүүдэд эрчимтэй явагдаж байгаа уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлтийн нөлөөгөөр цэвдгийн алдрал улам ихсэж байгаа нь олон төрлийн судалгаагаар батлагдсаар байна. Иймд бид Хөвсгөл нуурын зүүн эргийн цэвдгийг илүү нарийн судлахаар уг судалгааны ажлыг эхлүүлсэн. Энэхүү өгүүлэлд бидний эхлүүлээд байгаа судалгааны ажлын анхан шатны үр дүнг оруулаад байна. Судалгаанд ашиглахаар 9 ширхэг газрын гадаргын хувьд өөр хоорондоо ялгаатай нэг шугамд байрлах цэгүүдийг сонгож авсан. Тухайн цэгүүдийн жилийн дундаж температур болон FDD болон ТDD утгуудын өөрчлөлтийг судалгаанд оруулсан. Гадаргын жилийн дундаж температур нь -1.67°С-ээс 1.04°С-ийн хооронд судалгааны цэгүүд дээр хэлбэлзэж байна. Харин судалгааны цэгүүдийн FDD болон TDD утгуудын хувьд уулын өвөр энгэрт байрлах А-10 цэгт халалт, хөрөлт хамгийн их буюу -1573.2°С-ээс 1953.1°С-ийн хооронд байгаа бол модтой ар хажууд байрлах цэгүүдэд хамгийн бага буюу -881.3°С-ээс 646.1°С-ийн хооронд байна. Мөн FDD болон ТDD утгуудын зөрүү нь хамгийн их нь өвөр энгэрийн А-10 цэгт 379.9°С байсан бол хамгийн бага нь уулсын хөндийд сөөглөг ургамал голдуу ургасан газарт байрлах А-35 цэгт -609.2°С байгаагаар тус тус тогтоогдсон. Судалгааны талбайн газрын гадарга дээрх нь өвөл, зуны улирлын температурын агуураг ойтой ар хажууд маш бага буюу дунджаар 17°С байгаа бол ойгүй газарт 25.5°С тус тус байна. Түлхүүр үгс: Цэвдэг, ЖДГТ (жилийн дундаж гадрагын температур), ХДХТН (хоногийн дундаж хасах температурын нийлбэр), ХДНТН (хоногийн дундаж нэмэх температурын нийлбэр)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2706-7963
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.5564/mjgg.v59i43.2527
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Mongolian Journals Online
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Spatial and Temporal Variations of Freezing and Thawing Indices From 1960 to 2020 in Mongolia
    Frontiers Media SA ; 2021
    In:  Frontiers in Earth Science Vol. 9 ( 2021-11-11)
    Details
    In: Frontiers in Earth Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 9 ( 2021-11-11)
    Abstract: Mongolia is one of the most sensitive regions to climate change, located in the transition of several natural and permafrost zones. Long-term trends in air freezing and thawing indices can therefore enhance our understanding of climate change. This study focuses on changes of the spatiotemporal patterns in air freezing and thawing indices over Mongolia from 1960 to 2020, using observations at 30 meteorological stations. Our results shows that the freezing index ranges from −945.5 to −4,793.6°C day, while the thawing index ranges from 1,164.4 to 4,021.3°C day over Mongolia, and their spatial patterns clearly link to the latitude and altitude. During the study period, the trend in the thawing index (14.4°C-day per year) was larger than the trend in the freezing index (up to −10.1°C-day per year), which results in the net increase of air temperature by 2.4°C across Mongolia. Overall, the increase in the thawing index was larger in the low latitudes and altitudes (e.g., the Gobi-desert, steppes, the Great lake depression and major river valleys) than in high latitudes and altitudes (mountain regions), while it was the opposite for the freezing index. The highest values for both thawing index and freezing index (i.e. the least negative values) have occurred during the last 2 decades. As the trends in the freezing and thawing indices and mean annual air temperature confirm intensive climate warming, increased permafrost degradation and shallower seasonally frozen ground are expected throughout Mongolia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2296-6463
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3389/feart.2021.713498
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2741235-0
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