In:
PLOS Pathogens, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 18, No. 5 ( 2022-5-27), p. e1010542-
Abstract:
A pandemic isolate of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae biovar 3 (Psa3) has devastated kiwifruit orchards growing cultivars of Actinidia chinensis . In contrast, A . arguta (kiwiberry) is not a host of Psa3. Resistance is mediated via effector-triggered immunity, as demonstrated by induction of the hypersensitive response in infected A . arguta leaves, observed by microscopy and quantified by ion-leakage assays. Isolates of Psa3 that cause disease in A . arguta have been isolated and analyzed, revealing a 51 kb deletion in the exchangeable effector locus (EEL). This natural EEL-mutant isolate and strains with synthetic knockouts of the EEL were more virulent in A . arguta plantlets than wild-type Psa3. Screening of a complete library of Psa3 effector knockout strains identified increased growth in planta for knockouts of four effectors–AvrRpm1a, HopF1c, HopZ5a, and the EEL effector HopAW1a –suggesting a resistance response in A . arguta . Hypersensitive response (HR) assays indicate that three of these effectors trigger a host species-specific HR. A Psa3 strain with all four effectors knocked out escaped host recognition, but a cumulative increase in bacterial pathogenicity and virulence was not observed. These avirulence effectors can be used in turn to identify the first cognate resistance genes in Actinidia for breeding durable resistance into future kiwifruit cultivars.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1553-7374
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.g002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.g003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.g004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.g005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.g006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.g007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s008
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s009
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10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s010
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s011
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s012
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s013
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10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s014
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s015
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s016
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s017
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s018
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s019
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s020
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.s021
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.r001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.r002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.r003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1010542.r004
Language:
English
Publisher:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publication Date:
2022
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2205412-1
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