In:
Clinical Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 15, No. 11 ( 2009-06-01), p. 3881-3888
Abstract:
Purpose: By hypomethylating genes, decitabine may up-regulate factors required for chemotherapeutic cytotoxicity. Platinum-resistant cells may have reduced expression of the copper/platinum transporter CTR1. Experimental Design: Thirty-one patients with refractory malignancies received decitabine 2.5 to 10 mg/m2 on days 1 to 5, and 8 to 12 or 15 to 20 mg/m2 on days 1 to 5. Tumor was assessed for DNA methylation (by LINE assays), apoptosis, necrosis, mitoses, Ki67, DNA methyltransferase (DNMT1), CTR1, and p16. Results: Febrile neutropenia was dose limiting. One thymoma patient responded. Decitabine decreased tumor DNA methylation (from median 51.2% predecitabine to 43.7% postdecitabine; P = 0.01, with effects at all doses) and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (from 65.3-56.0%). There was no correlation between tumor and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Patients starting decitabine ≤3 versus & gt;3 months after last prior cytotoxic or targeted therapy had lower predecitabine tumor CTR1 scores (P = 0.02), higher p16 (P = 0.04), and trends (P = 0.07) toward higher tumor methylation and apoptosis. Decitabine decreased tumor DNMT1 for scores initially & gt;0 (P = 0.04). Decitabine increased tumor apoptosis (P & lt; 0.05), mitoses (if initially low, P = 0.02), and CTR1 (if initially low, P = 0.025, or if ≤3 months from last prior therapy, P = 0.04). Tumor CTR1 scores correlated inversely with methylation (r = −0.41, P = 0.005), but CTR1 promoter was not hypermethylated. Only three patients had tumor p16 promoter hypermethylation. P16 scores did not increase. Higher blood pressure correlated with lower tumor necrosis (P = 0.03) and a trend toward greater DNA demethylation (P = 0.10). Conclusions: Exposure to various cytotoxic and targeted agents might generate broad pleiotropic resistance by reducing CTR1 and other transporters. Decitabine decreases DNA methylation and augments CTR1 expression through methylation-independent mechanisms.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1078-0432
,
1557-3265
DOI:
10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-2196
Language:
English
Publisher:
American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Publication Date:
2009
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1225457-5
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2036787-9
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