In:
Ocean Science, Copernicus GmbH, Vol. 16, No. 5 ( 2020-10-02), p. 1143-1163
Abstract:
Abstract. The activities and emissions from leisure boats in the Baltic Sea
have been modeled in a comprehensive approach for the first time, using a
new simulation model leisure Boat Emissions and Activities siMulator (BEAM). The model utilizes
survey data to characterize the national leisure boat fleets. Leisure boats
have been categorized based on their size, use and engine specifications, and for these subcategories emission factors for NOx, PM2.5, CO,
non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), and releases of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) from antifouling paints
have been estimated according to literature values. The modeling approach
also considers the temporal and spatial distribution of leisure boat
activities, which are applied to each simulated leisure boat separately.
According to our results the CO and NMVOC emissions from leisure boats, as
well as Cu and Zn released from antifouling paints, are significant when
compared against the emissions originating from registered commercial
shipping in the Baltic Sea. CO emissions equal 70 % of the registered
shipping emissions and NMVOC emissions equal 160 % when compared against
the modeled results in the Baltic Sea in 2014. Modeled NOx and
PM2.5 from the leisure boats are less significant compared to the
registered shipping emissions. The emissions from leisure boats are
concentrated in the summer months of June, July and August and are released
in the vicinity of inhabited coastal areas. Given the large emission
estimates for leisure boats, this commonly overlooked source of emissions
should be further investigated in greater detail.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1812-0792
DOI:
10.5194/os-16-1143-2020
Language:
English
Publisher:
Copernicus GmbH
Publication Date:
2020
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2183769-7
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