In:
Frontiers in Plant Science, Frontiers Media SA, Vol. 13 ( 2022-4-28)
Abstract:
Verticillium wilt, caused by the soil-borne fungus Verticillium dahliae , is one of the most devastating diseases in cotton ( Gossypium spp.). Lignin in the cell wall forms a physical barrier to inhibit pathogen invasion, and defense-induced lignification reinforces secondary cell wall to prevent pathogens from further spreading. Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases (CADs) catalyze the production of three main monolignols, p -coumaryl- (H), coniferyl- (G), and sinapyl-alcohols (S), which are the fundamental blocks of lignin. Here, we identified CAD genes in G. hirsutum , analyzed their expression profiles in cotton leaf, stem, and root from different developmental stages, and selected GhCAD35 , GhCAD45 , and GhCAD43 , which were consistently induced by V. dahliae inoculation in G. hirsutum cultivars resistant or susceptible to V. dahliae . On the basis of confirmation of the in vitro enzymatic activity of the three proteins in generation of the three monolignols, we used virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to investigate the effects of silencing of GhCAD35 , GhCAD45 , or GhCAD43 on resistance to V. dahliae as well as on deposition and the composition of lignin. Silencing each of the three CAD s impaired the defense-induced lignification and salicylic acid biosynthesis in stem, and compromised resistance to V. dahliae . Moreover, our study showed that silencing the three GhCAD s severely affected the biosynthesis of S-lignin, leading to a decrease of the syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratio. Heterogeneous overexpression of GhCAD35 , GhCAD45 , or GhCAD43 in Arabidopsis enhanced disease resistance. Taken together, our study demonstrates a role of the three GhCAD s in defense-induced lignin biosynthesis and resistance to V. dahliae in G. hirsutum .
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1664-462X
DOI:
10.3389/fpls.2022.840397
DOI:
10.3389/fpls.2022.840397.s001
DOI:
10.3389/fpls.2022.840397.s002
Language:
Unknown
Publisher:
Frontiers Media SA
Publication Date:
2022
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2687947-5
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2613694-6
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