In:
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 16, No. 9 ( 2022-9-6), p. e0010712-
Abstract:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and enteric parasite co-infection not only aggravates the clinical symptoms of parasites but also accelerates acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) progression. However, co-infection research on men who have sex with men (MSM), the predominant high-risk population of HIV/AIDS in China, is still limited. In this study, we investigated the epidemiology of enteric parasites, risk factors, and associations with clinical significance in an MSM HIV/AIDS population in Heilongjiang Province, northeast China. Methods We recruited 308 MSMs HIV/AIDS patients and 199 HIV-negative individuals in two designated AIDS hospitals in Heilongjiang between April 2016 and July 2017. Fresh stool samples were collected. DNA extraction, molecular identification, and genotyping of Cryptosporidium species, Entamoeba histolytica , Cyclospora cayetanensis , Enterocytozoon bieneusi , and Blastocystis hominis were performed. Fourteen diarrhea-related pathogens were examined to exclude the influence of other bacterial pathogens on diarrhea incidence. Results 31.5% of MSM HIV/AIDS participants were infected with at least one parasite species, a significantly higher proportion than that found in the HIV-negative individuals (2.5%). E . bieneusi presented the highest prevalence, followed by B . hominis , E . histolytica , Cryptosporidium spp., and C . cayetanensis . Warm seasons were the risk factor for parasitic infections in this population [odds ratio (OR) = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.47–4.57]. In addition, these individuals showed a higher proportion (35.8%) of present diarrhea (PD) compared with men who have sex with women (MSW) with HIV/AIDS (16.7%). The infection proportions of both Cryptosporidium spp. and E . histolytica were significantly higher in the PD. E . bieneusi infection was more prevalent in the historic diarrhea (HD) group. CD4 + T cell counts in the MSM patients with the above three parasites were significantly lower. New species and genotypes were found, and MSM patients had a wider range of species or genotypes. Conclusions Enteric parasitic infection was prevalent in the MSM HIV/AIDS population, especially in patients with present diarrhea during warm seasons. E . histolytica and B . hominis should also be considered high-risk parasites for opportunistic infections in AIDS patients in addition to Cryptosporidium spp.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1935-2735
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.g002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.g003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.g004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.t001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.t002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.t003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.t004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.t005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.t006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s006
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s007
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s008
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s009
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s010
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s011
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s012
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s013
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010712.s014
Language:
English
Publisher:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publication Date:
2022
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2429704-5
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