In:
The Journal of Immunology, The American Association of Immunologists, Vol. 209, No. 2 ( 2022-07-15), p. 280-287
Abstract:
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), which is mainly caused by coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) or enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), poses a serious threat to children’s health. However, the long-term dynamics of the neutralizing Ab (NAb) response and ideal paired-serum sampling time for serological diagnosis of CVA16-infected HFMD patients were unclear. In this study, 336 CVA16 and 253 EV-A71 PCR-positive HFMD inpatients were enrolled and provided 452 and 495 sera, respectively, for NAb detection. Random-intercept modeling with B-spline was conducted to characterize NAb response kinetics. The NAb titer of CVA16 infection patients was estimated to increase from negative (2.1, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4–3.3) on the day of onset to a peak of 304.8 (95% CI: 233.4–398.3) on day 21 and then remained & gt;64 until 26 mo after onset. However, the NAb response level of EV-A71–infected HFMD patients was much higher than that of CVA16-infected HFMD patients throughout. The geometric mean titer was significantly higher in severe EV-A71–infected patients than in mild patients, with a 2.0-fold (95% CI: 1.4–3.2) increase. When a 4-fold rise in titer was used as the criterion for serological diagnosis of CVA16 and EV-A71 infection, acute-phase serum needs to be collected at 0–5 d, and the corresponding convalescent serum should be respectively collected at 17.4 (95% CI: 9.6–27.4) and 24.4 d (95% CI: 15.3–38.3) after onset, respectively. In conclusion, both CVA16 and EV-A71 infection induce a persistent humoral immune response but have different NAb response levels and paired-serum sampling times for serological diagnosis. Clinical severity can affect the anti–EV-A71 NAb response.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
0022-1767
,
1550-6606
DOI:
10.4049/jimmunol.2200143
Language:
English
Publisher:
The American Association of Immunologists
Publication Date:
2022
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1475085-5
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