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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    PSV-A-12 The Influence of Calcium Dose and Olive Meal on in-Vitro Rumen Fermentation Characteristics
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 100, No. Supplement_3 ( 2022-09-22), p. 257-257
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 100, No. Supplement_3 ( 2022-09-22), p. 257-257
    Abstract: Rumen fluid from three beef steers (480 ± 10 kg), fitted with rumen canulae, were used to investigate the impact of Ca dose and olive meal on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics. Steers were fed a high concentrate finishing diet for 21d, and rumen fluid was collected from each steer 2h post-feeding. A 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments was used for this experiment. Factors included: 1) 0 or 5% olive meal and 2) Ca dose: 0, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.08% Ca from CaCl2. A McDougall’s buffer-rumen fluid mixture (1:1; 30 mL) was added to conical tubes containing 0.5g of the ground basal diet and incubated at 39°C for 0, 4, 8, and 12h (5 replicates per treatment per time point). After incubation, supernatant was removed for VFA analysis and the remaining digesta was dried to determine DM disappearance (DMD). At 4 and 8h post incubation digestion tubes containing 0.04% Ca had greater (P & lt; 0.001) DMD when compared to all other Ca doses. At 12h post incubation, DMD was greater (P & lt; 0.001) in digestion tubes containing 0.02% and 0.08% Ca compared to all other Ca doses. At 8h post incubation, molar proportions of acetic acid were greater (P & lt; 0.03) in digestion tubes containing olive meal compared to no olive meal and were greater (P & lt; 0.001) in digestion tubes containing 0.08% Ca compared to all other Ca doses. At 12h post incubation, isobutyric acid (P & lt; 0.01) and butyric acid (P & lt; 0.02) were greater in digestion tubes containing 0.02% and 0.04% Ca compared to all other Ca doses. Butyric acid was lesser (P & lt; 0.02) with olive meal inclusion at 12h. Total VFA concentrations were similar across treatments. These data suggest that Ca and olive meal can impact in vitro fermentation characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac247.465
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 2
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    PSIX-15 The Influence of Trace Mineral Source on Reproductive Performance in Recipient Multiparous Beef Cows
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 100, No. Supplement_3 ( 2022-09-22), p. 370-370
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 100, No. Supplement_3 ( 2022-09-22), p. 370-370
    Abstract: Fifty cow-calf pairs were used to investigate the influence of trace mineral (TM) source on reproductive performance following embryo transfer. Cows were blocked by BW and breed and sorted into pens containing 5 cow-calf pairs. Each group was randomly assigned to one of the following treatments: 1) Organic TM (OTM): 75 mg of Cu from Cu proteinate, 8 mg of Co from Co proteinate, 105 mg of Mn from Mn proteinate, 3 mg of Se from Sel-Plex, and 220 mg of Zn from Zn proteinate, animal-1∙d-1; and 2) Inorganic TM (ITM): 255 mg of Cu from Cu sulfate, 2.6 mg of Co from Co carbonate, 1018 mg of Mn from Mn sulfate, 3 mg Se from sodium selenate, and 763 mg of Zn from Zn sulfate, animal-1∙d-1. All cows were fed a roughage-based diet with no supplemental Cu, Co, Mn, Se, or Zn. Cows were individually fed 0.9 kg of the appropriate supplement pellets daily to deliver TM treatments for 89-d, starting 5-d after estrous synchronization. Estrous was synchronized in all cows on d 0 of the experiment and cows received embryos 8-d after expressing estrous. Serum and plasma were obtained every 28-d and analyzed for reproductive hormones and TM, respectively. Data were analyzed as a randomized block design in R (version 4.0.5). Reproductive performance and hormone concentrations were similar across treatments. Cows receiving OTM had greater Se (P & lt; 0.05) and Cu (P & lt; 0.05) concentrations when compared to ITM. There was a treatment x time interaction for Cu concentrations (P & lt; 0.03). Copper concentrations decreased over time in ITM supplemented cows and increased over time in OTM supplemented cows. These data suggest that TM source did not impact reproductive performance but did improve Cu and Se status in cows over the 94-d experiment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac247.676
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    PSIII-16 The Influence of Olive Byproduct Supplementation on American Wagyu Feedlot Performance and Carcass Characteristics
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 100, No. Supplement_3 ( 2022-09-22), p. 241-242
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 100, No. Supplement_3 ( 2022-09-22), p. 241-242
    Abstract: Eighty-three American Wagyu steers (725 ±10.7 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of olive byproduct supplementation on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. We hypothesized that with supplementation of olive byproduct would improve feedlot performance and longissimus muscle intramuscular fat composition. Steers were blocked by initial body weight (BW) and randomly assigned within block to one of two treatments. Treatments consisted of: 1) Control diet (basal ration with no olive byproduct) + 1 kg of supplemental cracked corn per animal per day, or 2) Control diet + 1 kg of supplemental olive byproduct per animal per day. Steers were housed in feedlot pens (n=4 steers/pen; 11 replicates/treatment) and fed a traditional American Wagyu finishing diet (DM basis: 68.4% DM, 14.3% CP; 74.8% TDN, 1.16 Mcal/kg NEg, 5.3% crude fat). Diets were delivered to pens, once daily, in the morning in amounts to allow ad libitum access to feed over a 24 h period. Olive byproduct and cracked corn were top-dressed to the appropriate treatment pens immediately after delivery of the basal ration. Steers were individually weighed on d -1 and 0, and approximately every 28 d throughout the 177 d experiment. Equal numbers of steers per treatment were slaughtered throughout the experiment and carcass data were collected. Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model of SAS (SAS Inst. Inc.) for a randomized complete block design. Steers receiving olive byproduct had a lower final BW (P & lt; 0.01) when compared to steers receiving the control diet. Longissimus muscle long chain fatty acids C18:1 and C:22:0 were greater (P & lt; 0.05) and C18:0 lesser (P & lt; 0.05) in controls when compared to steers supplemented with olive byproduct. Under the conditions of this experiment, feeding olive byproduct reduced final BW and had minimal impacts on longissimus muscle fatty acid composition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac247.437
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
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    PSVIII-13 Influence of Propionibacteria Acidipropionici on Short Chain Fatty Acid and Methane Production in Fistulated Beef Steers
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 100, No. Supplement_3 ( 2022-09-22), p. 397-398
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 100, No. Supplement_3 ( 2022-09-22), p. 397-398
    Abstract: Twelve steers, fitted with rumen canulae were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design to examine the impact of the direct fed microbial Propionibacteria acidipropionici (PA) on rumen fermentation characteristics. All steers were housed together in one pen equipped with GrowSafe feed intake monitoring stations and one Greenfeed system used to estimate in vivo methane production. Steers were fed a corn silage-based diet throughout the experiment. Treatments consisted of PA administered at: 1) 0.0; 2) 1.0 x 108; 3)1.0 x 109; and 4) 1.0 x 1010 CFU∙animal-1∙day-1. Treatments were administered directly into the rumen as a single bolus dose daily. On day 7 and 14 of each period, rumen fluid was collected from each steer 2 h post treatment administration for VFA analysis and for determining in vitro fermentation characteristics. Following a 14d washout period, animal treatments were switched, and the experiment repeated. Data were analyzed as a 4 x 4 Latin square design. In vivo propionic acid molar proportions (25.4 vs 23.6±0.24) and total VFA concentrations (125.2 vs 121.3±1.87) were greater (P & lt; 0.05) in steers receiving PA compared with controls. In vitro DM disappearance (P & lt; 0.05; 63.3% vs 59.2%±1.12) and total VFA (P & lt; 0.05; 147.9 vs 145.2±1.76) were greater and methane (ml/g DMD) lesser (P & lt; 0.04; 13.1 vs 15.6±0.11) in fermentation vessels incubated with rumen fluid from animals receiving PA compared with controls. Dry matter disappearance (P & lt; 0.03) and propionic acid (P & lt; 0.04) increased linearly as dose of PA increased. In vitro Total VFA tended (P & lt; 0.08) to increase linearly and methane production tended (P & lt; 0.09) to decrease quadratically in response PA dose. In vivo methane production was similar across treatments. In conclusion, PA addition improved in vivo and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac247.727
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
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    PSIII-9 Hempseed Meal as an Effective Protein Supplement for Finishing Wethers
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 100, No. Supplement_3 ( 2022-09-22), p. 243-244
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 100, No. Supplement_3 ( 2022-09-22), p. 243-244
    Abstract: As our global agriculture landscape continues to change it has become more important than ever to find sustainable alternatives to feed livestock. Hempseed and its derivatives may provide alternative sources of nutrients for inclusion in livestock diets, however, due to the paucity of research on hemp and its byproducts, there is no authorization of the inclusion of these products in food animal diets. We hypothesized that the digestibility and use of hempseed meal would be similar to other livestock protein sources. Forty Western White-Faced wethers were used in a completely randomized block design with 5 treatments. These treatments included diets formulated to be near isonitrogenous with 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20% of diet DM as hemp seed meal, primarily as a substitute for dried distillers grains with solubles. Wethers were fed the diets individually for 90 d, which was followed by a 5 d balance trial with a total collection of urine and feces. There were no differences in DM intake (P = 0.44) or average daily gain (P= .16) between treatments. There were no differences in DM digestibility (P = 0.86) or N digestibility (P = 0.29) between treatments, although there was a slight increase in P digestibility as hemp meal inclusion increased until it represented 15% of the dietary DM (P = 0.02). There were no differences in the digestibility of Ca (P=0.44), Mg (P = 0.10), K (P = 0.85), or Na (P = 0.54). There were no differences in urinary N excretion (P=0.33) or urinary urea excretion (P=0.34) between treatments. Additionally, blood chemistry constituents were also not affected by treatment (P ≥ 0.10). Based on these data, it is concluded that hemp seed meal is a comparable protein supplement for sheep with no identified deleterious effects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac247.439
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
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    PSIX-13 The Impact of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Fermentation Product on in-Vitro Rumen Fermentation Characteristics, gas Production, and Ruminal Microbiome Composition
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 100, No. Supplement_3 ( 2022-09-22), p. 369-369
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 100, No. Supplement_3 ( 2022-09-22), p. 369-369
    Abstract: The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae products (NaturSafe) on in-vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and microbial diversity. Three crossbred feedlot steers fitted with rumen cannulae were adjusted to a moderately high-concentrate diet for 28-d. On d-29, 1 L of rumen fluid was collected from each steer and composited. A set of vaccine bottles (n=5/treatment/time + blanks and controls) containing 0.5 g of basal diet plus dietary treatments were filled with 30 ml of rumen fluid-McDougall’s buffer solution (1:1), sealed, and placed in a 39°C water bath. Treatments consisted of 1) Control (no added NaturSafe); 2) NaturSafe-dry (9 g/animal/day equivalent); 3) NaturSafe-dry (12 g/animal/day equivalent); 4) NaturSafe-liquid (14 g/animal/day equivalent); 5) NaturSafe-liquid (21 g/animal/day equivalent); and NaturSafe-liquid (28 g/animal/day equivalent). Samples were collected at 0, 6 and 12 h post-fermentation. No treatment effect on any fermentation parameters was found at 6 h. At 12-h post-incubation, dry matter digestibility (DMD) (P & lt; 0.04) and molar proportions of propionic acid (P & lt; 0.03) were greater for treatments containing NaturSafe compared with control. Molar proportions of acetic acid (P & lt; 0.07), percent CH4 (P & lt; 0.08), and NH3-N (P & lt; 0.06) tended to be lesser and percent CO2 tended (P & lt; 0.07) to be greater for NaturSafe treatments compared with controls. Microbiome 16S rRNA analysis results suggest that microbial communities differed (P & lt; 0.05) between 6 and 12 h post-incubation. Incorporating NaturSafe into fermentation vessels revealed an inverse correlation with NaturSafe concentration and microbial diversity (P = 0.08) and that the overall microbial diversity was altered (P & lt; 0.03) by NaturSafe concentration. The microbial community was not affected by additive type. These data suggest that NaturSafe alters fermentation characteristics and microbial community diversity toward improved rumen efficiency while reducing environmental impact.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac247.674
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490550-4
    SSG: 12
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