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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Donostia : Txertoa
    UID:
    (DE-627)1764689909
    Format: 181 Seiten , 22 cm
    ISBN: 9788471486622
    Series Statement: Narrativa 23
    Language: Spanish
    Keywords: Anthologie
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : Universitat de Barcelona
    UID:
    (DE-627)180270468X
    Content: [eng] BACKGROUND: The development of an alcohol biomarker is a long process where different stages take place over time. From discovery to full clinical use and implementation, each accomplished stage increases the confidence in and the relevance of such biomarkers. In recent years, new biomarkers have been discovered, with outstanding improvements in the sensibility and specificity for the detection of recent drinking. However, the clinical, therapeutic and economical consequences of such biochemical improvements remain to be determined. With the present thesis we expect to investigate the clinical implications of such new biomarkers, with a special focus on urine ethyl glucuronide (EtG), in order to fully establish its contribution to the field of alcohol use disorders. It comprises three articles: the first (Study 1) compares the screening performance of ethyl glucuronide versus ethanol, clinical judgment and self report, under routine, real circumstances in alcohol dependent outpatients. The second one (Study 2) investigates the differential, one-year clinical evolution of patients screening positive and negative in Study 1, taking into account both clinical and economic consequences. Finally, Study 3 evaluates patients' knowledge and attitudes towards regular alcohol urine screening. METHODS: Study 1 consisted of a cross-sectional comparison aiming at clinically validating EtG under real, routinely clinical conditions. For that purpose, 613 consecutive urinary samples, provided by 188 outpatients with alcohol dependence were analyzed for ethanol and EtG. Study 2 retrospectively assessed the clinical evolution of patients participating in Study 1. A survival analysis was conducted in order to compare the rate of relapse between EtG positive and negative patients. Regression models were performed to compare the mean number of days hospitalized between groups, the risk of being lost to follow-up and treatment expenses. In Study 3 a cross-sectional survey among alcohol dependent outpatients was conducted. In consonance with the principles of patient centered care, it aimed at investigating patients' attitudes and beliefs towards regular alcohol urine screening. For attitudes' assessment, we adapted the Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI-10) to the field of alcohol urine screening. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability and concurrent validity were evaluated for the adapted questionnaire. RESULTS: Study 1 showed an overriding superiority of EtG over ethanol, clinical judgment and self report, detecting a significant greater number of positive samples in routine, real circumstances. Study 2 revealed a clearly different clinical evolution between EtG positive and negative patients during the following 12 months, with EtG positive patients being at greater risk of relapse, hospitalization and incurring in more treatment expenses. Study 3 suggested that regular alcohol screening is highly valued by alcohol outpatients. It also showed that besides relapse prevention, other functions related to therapeutic alliance building, social desirability and impression management play a key role as well. CONCLUSIONS: Regular alcohol urine screening with ethyl glucuronide seems to have an impact on the clinical management of alcohol dependent outpatients, offering a better detection of recent drinking and the possibility of an improved relapse prevention strategy. ; [spa] INTRODUCCIÓN: El desarrollo de biomarcadores para el consumo de alcohol es un proceso largo y laborioso, donde múltiples etapas se suceden en el tiempo. Desde su descubrimiento en el laboratorio hasta su total implementación clínica, cada etapa superada incrementa la confianza y la relevancia de dicho marcador. En los últimos años se han descubierto marcadores que cuentan con una notable sensibilidad y especificidad en cuanto a la detección de consumo reciente se refiere. Sin embargo, las implicaciones clínicas, terapéuticas y económicas de dichos marcadores todavía no han sido esclarecidas con total claridad. Con la presente tesis se pretende investigar las implicaciones clínicas de dichos nuevos marcadores, específicamente del etilglucurónido (EtG), con el objetivo de determinar su verdadera aportación al campo de los trastornos por uso de alcohol. Esta tesis está compuesta de tres artículos. El primero (Estudio 1) compara el rendimiento en el cribado de consumo de alcohol del etilglucurónido frente al etanol, el juicio clínico y el autoinforme, bajo condiciones rutinarias y reales en pacientes dependientes del alcohol ambulatorios. El segundo artículo (Estudio 2) investiga la evolución clínica diferencial entre los pacientes que obtuvieron un resultado positivo y uno negativo en el Estudio 1, durante los siguientes 12 meses. Finalmente, el tercer artículo (Estudio 3) evalúa los conocimientos y la actitud que los pacientes presentan ante el cribado rutinario de alcohol. MÉTODOS: El Estudio 1 consistió en una comparación transversal cuya finalidad fue la de evaluar el uso de EtG bajo condiciones clínicas rutinarias de elevada validez externa. Para ello 613 muestras de orina consecutivas, proporcionadas por 188 pacientes ambulatorios con dependencia al alcohol, fueron analizadas para etanol y etilglucurónido. El Estudio 2 evaluó retrospectivamente la evolución clínica de los participantes del Estudio 1. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de supervivencia con el fin de comparar la tasa de recaída entre pacientes con un resultado positivo y negativo a etilglucurónido. Se realizaron análisis de regresión para comparar entre grupos el número medio de días hospitalizados, el riesgo de abandonar tratamiento y los costes medios del tratamiento. En el Estudio 3, en consonancia con los principios de la medicina centrada en el paciente, se realizó una encuesta a pacientes con dependencia del alcohol ambulatorios con la finalidad de evaluar sus actitudes, creencias y conocimientos en relación al cribado rutinario de alcohol en orina. Para la evaluación de sus actitudes se adaptó la escala Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI-10), analizándose su consistencia interna, su fiabilidad test-retest y su validez concurrente. RESULTADOS: El Estudio 1 mostró una clara superioridad del EtG sobre el etanol, el juicio clínico y el autoinforme, detectando un mayor número de positivos en condiciones reales de elevada validez externa. El Estudio 2 demostró una clara y diferente evolución clínica entre los pacientes que fueron EtG positivo y EtG negativo durante los siguientes 12 meses, presentando los pacientes EtG positivo un mayor riesgo de recaída, de hospitalización así como mayores costes de tratamiento. El Estudio 3 sugirió que el cribado rutinario de alcohol en orina es percibido por los pacientes dependientes al alcohol como un elemento valioso de su tratamiento. Se observó también que, además de cumplir una función de prevención de recaídas, otras funciones relacionadas con el vínculo terapéutico, la conveniencia social y la gestión de impresiones juegan también un papel clave. CONCLUSIONES: El cribado rutinario de alcohol mediante EtG parece tener un impacto en el manejo de los pacientes dependientes al alcohol ambulatorios, ofreciendo una mejor detección del consumo reciente de alcohol así como la posibilidad de una mejor prevención de recaídas.
    Note: Dissertation Universitat de Barcelona 2017
    Language: English
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  • 3
    UID:
    (DE-604)BV048310046
    Format: 498 Seiten , Illustrationen, Kerten , 24 cm
    ISBN: 9788491334484
    Language: Spanish
    Keywords: Königreich Valencia ; Handwerker ; Zunft ; Aufstand ; Geschichte 1519-1522 ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 4
    Book
    Book
    La Habana : Ed. Pueblo y Educación
    UID:
    (DE-627)438362543
    Format: 54 S. : Ill.
    Edition: 2. reimpr
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    UID:
    (DE-602)almahu_9949282133302882
    Format: 1 electronic resource (166 p.)
    Content: Addiction in its various forms represents an enormous challenge to society. Worldwide, it has been estimated that alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs were responsible of more than 10 million deaths (Anderson et al, 2018), with a higher impact in developed countries where substance use disorders have been identified as responsible for life expectancy reversals (Rehm et al, 2016). Societal and medical responses to the problem are far from optimal, but the appearance of new technologies offers room for improvement, and lots of new initiatives have been launched and developed. In this Special Issue, we will describe and discuss how these new tools are helping to improve the assessment and treatment of substance use disorders. We will cover a wide variety of novelties that are being applied to addiction; e-health, APPs, digital phenotyping, ecological momentary assessment and interventions, wearable technology, computer-assisted tests, transcraneal magnetic stimulation, and virtual reality are just some examples of developments in a field that promises to create a real revolution in the assessment and treatment of addictions.
    Note: English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 3-03943-885-9
    Additional Edition: ISBN 3-03943-886-7
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    UID:
    (DE-602)gbv_1778415792
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    ISBN: 9783039438853 , 9783039438860
    Content: Addiction in its various forms represents an enormous challenge to society. Worldwide, it has been estimated that alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs were responsible of more than 10 million deaths (Anderson et al, 2018), with a higher impact in developed countries where substance use disorders have been identified as responsible for life expectancy reversals (Rehm et al, 2016). Societal and medical responses to the problem are far from optimal, but the appearance of new technologies offers room for improvement, and lots of new initiatives have been launched and developed. In this Special Issue, we will describe and discuss how these new tools are helping to improve the assessment and treatment of substance use disorders. We will cover a wide variety of novelties that are being applied to addiction; e-health, APPs, digital phenotyping, ecological momentary assessment and interventions, wearable technology, computer-assisted tests, transcraneal magnetic stimulation, and virtual reality are just some examples of developments in a field that promises to create a real revolution in the assessment and treatment of addictions
    Note: English
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    UID:
    (DE-602)edoccha_9960413990902883
    Format: 1 electronic resource (166 p.)
    Content: Addiction in its various forms represents an enormous challenge to society. Worldwide, it has been estimated that alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs were responsible of more than 10 million deaths (Anderson et al, 2018), with a higher impact in developed countries where substance use disorders have been identified as responsible for life expectancy reversals (Rehm et al, 2016). Societal and medical responses to the problem are far from optimal, but the appearance of new technologies offers room for improvement, and lots of new initiatives have been launched and developed. In this Special Issue, we will describe and discuss how these new tools are helping to improve the assessment and treatment of substance use disorders. We will cover a wide variety of novelties that are being applied to addiction; e-health, APPs, digital phenotyping, ecological momentary assessment and interventions, wearable technology, computer-assisted tests, transcraneal magnetic stimulation, and virtual reality are just some examples of developments in a field that promises to create a real revolution in the assessment and treatment of addictions.
    Note: English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 3-03943-885-9
    Additional Edition: ISBN 3-03943-886-7
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 8
    UID:
    (DE-627)1761774786
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Discussion paper series / IZA no. 14474
    Content: This paper evaluates the European football clubs' compliance with UEFA Financial Fair Play (FFP) regulations and the effect of financial stability on sport achievements. The empirical analysis uses data of teams competing in the 1st division of four top domestic leagues (Premier League, La Liga, Serie A, and Ligue 1) over the seasons 2009/10 to 2015/16. We control for team quality through the annual wages (in quadratic form) and use the Wage-to-Revenue (WRR) ratio as a proxy variable to measure how close the clubs meet the break-even requirements. Our results reveal that greater financial responsibility implies better sport performance and higher chances to qualify for the Champions and Europa Leagues.
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
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  • 9
    UID:
    (DE-627)1850847436
    ISSN: 1099-1468
    In: Managerial and decision economics, Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley, 1980, 44(2023), 2 vom: März, Seite 767-786, 1099-1468
    In: volume:44
    In: year:2023
    In: number:2
    In: month:03
    In: pages:767-786
    Language: English
    Keywords: Aufsatz in Zeitschrift
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel, Switzerland : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    UID:
    (DE-602)edocfu_9960413990902883
    Format: 1 electronic resource (166 p.)
    Content: Addiction in its various forms represents an enormous challenge to society. Worldwide, it has been estimated that alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs were responsible of more than 10 million deaths (Anderson et al, 2018), with a higher impact in developed countries where substance use disorders have been identified as responsible for life expectancy reversals (Rehm et al, 2016). Societal and medical responses to the problem are far from optimal, but the appearance of new technologies offers room for improvement, and lots of new initiatives have been launched and developed. In this Special Issue, we will describe and discuss how these new tools are helping to improve the assessment and treatment of substance use disorders. We will cover a wide variety of novelties that are being applied to addiction; e-health, APPs, digital phenotyping, ecological momentary assessment and interventions, wearable technology, computer-assisted tests, transcraneal magnetic stimulation, and virtual reality are just some examples of developments in a field that promises to create a real revolution in the assessment and treatment of addictions.
    Note: English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 3-03943-885-9
    Additional Edition: ISBN 3-03943-886-7
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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