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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Florence : Taylor and Francis Group
    UID:
    (DE-602)kobvindex_INT69234
    Format: 1 online resource (180 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781857285840 , 9780203451489
    Content: First published in 1996. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor and Francis, an informa company
    Note: Book Cover -- Half-Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- CHAPTER 1 Controlling development -- The purposes of development control -- Regulatory and discretionary control -- Public action and private interest -- Certainty, flexibility and accountability -- CHAPTER 2 Britain -- The origins of the British development control system -- Aesthetic and social control under the Stuart monarchy -- The London Building Acts and leasehold control -- Public health legislation -- The early planning legislation -- The 1932 Act and interim development control -- The pressure for universal control of of development -- The 1947 Town and Country Planning Act -- The principles of universal control -- The maturing of the control system -- The system under scrutiny: Dobry and the Expenditure Committee -- Development control and local government reform -- Reform under the Conservative government -- Legislative and policy change -- The change of heart: the Planning and Compensation Act -- British development control in a wider context: the development industry, central-local relations and administrative law ... -- Development control and the development industry -- Local discretion and central control -- Planning legislation, administrative law and discretionary power -- CHAPTER 3 France -- The origins of the French development control system -- Royal intervention and regulatory control -- The Haussmann era -- Suburban development and the creation of the lotissements -- The first planning legislation -- The Loi Cornudet -- The administrative context for the control of development -- Planning control in the Fourth Republic -- Reform: refining the control system -- Decentralization of planning powers -- The syndicat de communes -- The desire for local control and the Loi Defferre -- The problem of uncertainty , CHAPTER 4 Zoning control in Europe, the USA and Hong Kong -- Development control in Europe -- State, law and policy in Europe -- Germany -- The Netherlands -- The USA and zoning ordinances -- The origins and purpose of US zoning control -- Zoning or planning: the US dilemma -- Making changes: The possibilities for modifying zoning ordinances -- Hong Kong: government as landlord -- The origins of land-use control in Hong Kong -- The Hong Kong system in perspective -- Conclusion -- CHAPTER 5 The question of certainty -- Developers and certainty -- Certainty of outcome -- Certainty and delay -- Certainty and the decision-makers -- France: upholding the law -- Britain: the limits to flexibility -- Landowners and certainty -- Planning control and land values -- Protecting intangible values -- The rights of third parties -- France: third-party rights and practice -- Britain: the right to object -- Conclusion: the need for certainty and the availability of certainty -- CHAPTER 6 Flexibility, discretion and accountability -- Discretionary power -- Defining discretion -- Discretion and local government -- Discretion and administrative law -- Britain: discretion accorded by law -- Limitations to discretionary power -- Planning agreements and obligations -- Problems with discretionary planning -- Discretionary power in practice -- France: the control of discretion -- Types of agency discretion -- Officer discretion: applying and departing from rules -- Flexibility in us and Hong Kong zoning plans -- Variances -- Zoning techniques -- Hong Kong -- Discretion: some conclusions -- CHAPTER 7 Accountability -- Forms of accountability -- Accountability in regulatory systems -- Accountability in Britain -- Hong Kong -- Ensuring accountability: some conclusions -- CHAPTER 8 Conclusion -- Glossary -- References -- Index
    Additional Edition: Print version Booth, Philip, Philip Controlling Development Florence : Taylor & Francis Group,c1996 ISBN 9781857285840
    Language: English
    Keywords: Electronic books
    URL: FULL  ((OIS Credentials Required))
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    East Rutherford : Penguin Publishing Group
    UID:
    (DE-627)1702309908
    Format: 1 online resource (71 pages)
    ISBN: 9781101173961
    Series Statement: Penguin Poets Ser.
    Note: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
    Additional Edition: 9780140586466
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe 9780140586466
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [S.l.] : SSRN
    UID:
    (DE-627)1793324727
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (161 p)
    Content: This monograph surveys the results of government intervention in the market for retirement income provision throughout the world. The authors begin by looking at high-income democracies in which governments have, to a large degree, taken over the function of providing pensions. They find that state provision crowds out private provision and places a considerable fiscal burden on developed country governments. This fiscal burden is then combined with complex regulatory systems that are imposed on the private sector and which make pensions incomprehensible. Furthermore, as the authors show, the ageing populations may make meaningful reform of government pensions programmes impossible, as 'grey' electors flex their muscles. The authors find the same patterns in middle-income and low-income countries. State pension systems are often found hand-in-hand with a lack of security, partly because of the problems of corruption and inflation. The state frequently does its best to crowd out private initiative, but, where they are allowed to, families make provision for retirement in all sorts of ingenious ways. The authors reject the World Bank blueprint of formal, structured pension systems. They suggest instead that governments focus on ensuring that the legal and financial infrastructure exists to allow people to make proper provision for their retirement. So-called 'market failure' will always ensure that the result is imperfect. But, by comparison, government failure around the world has had catastrophic effects
    Note: In: IEA Readings No. 63 , Nach Informationen von SSRN wurde die ursprüngliche Fassung des Dokuments December 5, 2008 erstellt
    Language: English
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  • 4
    UID:
    (DE-627)1806225867
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Series Statement: Institute of Economic Affairs Current Controversies No. 62
    Content: The extent of regulation of insurance companies has grown significantly in recent decades. The ‘freedom with publicity’ regime which defined the regulatory approach from 1870 to 1970 appeared to work and ran with the grain of the market. Arguments that are given today for prudential regulation of insurers tend to be spurious or not well founded. Much government regulation of insurance companies is unlikely to achieve its declared objective and might even encourage problematic behaviours within insurance markets. Regulation to ensure good governance and good information flows to markets may have some benefits and is less likely to cause the problems that other forms of regulation create. A case can be made for regulation designed to promote the objective of consumer protection. However, all the benefits of such regulation can be achieved with far fewer costs by creating a voluntary system of government regulation. Whether an insurance policy was written by a company which was part of the government regulatory system should be very clear to consumers at the point of sale
    Note: Nach Informationen von SSRN wurde die ursprüngliche Fassung des Dokuments June 15, 2018 erstellt
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [S.l.] : SSRN
    UID:
    (DE-627)1806229552
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p)
    Series Statement: Institute of Economic Affairs
    Content: The UK introduced its first nationwide programme of sickness benefits in 1948. It initially cost around £2 billion per year in today’s prices. The UK now spends over £37 billion annually on various disability-related benefits, a figure which is still rising. More than 5 million people are in receipt of at least one such benefit. The majority of disabled people are economically inactive, and only about one in three is in full-time work. This is a problem because inactivity has been shown to lead to further deteriorations in health status, particularly for mental health. A lot of research has been conducted into the causes of the long-term increase in disability benefit claimant counts, but it has not come up with many conclusive findings. What is safe to say, though, is that genuine increases in disability prevalence have not been the main driver. Local economic factors and socio-economic characteristics of recipients, on the other hand, have been shown to have a big impact. Receipt of disability benefits is more common in areas with high unemployment and among the low-skilled. This suggests that disability benefits often act as a substitute for long-term unemployment benefits. The empirical evidence on ‘what works’ in helping disabled people into employment is even more inconclusive than the evidence on the drivers of disability benefit rolls. This calls for a trial-and-error process in which different approaches can be tried and tested – the exact opposite of the UK’s highly centralised approach. The current system is also overly complex, with too many different transfer instruments that serve overlapping purposes. Disability policy should be decentralised, simplified, and where possible, outsourced to the independent sector. This would lead to a range of competing approaches, enabling learning from best practice
    Note: Nach Informationen von SSRN wurde die ursprüngliche Fassung des Dokuments December 27, 2016 erstellt
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [S.l.] : SSRN
    UID:
    (DE-627)1806229595
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p)
    Series Statement: Institute of Economic Affairs
    Content: Whatever trade arrangement the UK decides to adopt with the EU post-Brexit, the UK government will have authority over fisheries policy. Under the EU’s Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), after many years of stock decline, there has been a recent stabilisation and even increase in stocks. However, the CFP is not an effective way for managing fishing rights. Other countries such as Iceland have more effective policies that lead both to sustainable management and also reduce conflict between different interests. The UK should adopt a tradable quota share system whereby quotas are allocated as a share of the annual total allowable catch in perpetuity. Such a system mirrors the way in which property rights on land encourage sustainable farming. Under such a system the quota-holders have an incentive to agree the total allowable catch to maximise sustainability. In-shore fisheries might be better managed in other ways with self-management often being more sustainable than government regulation. Having determined the principles by which the system should operate, there are a number of practical difficulties that need to be addressed. These are important issues, but need not get in the way of the development of an effective and sustainable property-rights based system for allocating fishing rights
    Note: Nach Informationen von SSRN wurde die ursprüngliche Fassung des Dokuments September 23, 2016 erstellt
    Language: English
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  • 7
    UID:
    (DE-627)1806230070
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p)
    Series Statement: IEA Discussion Paper No. 97
    Content: There are frequent calls for financial markets to be more actively regulated by state agencies, such as the Financial Conduct Authority or the Prudential Regulation Authority. They reflect neo-classical, market-failure approaches to economics, which suggest that the market does not maximise welfare if certain conditions do not hold and that government action is required to move the market towards the welfare-maximising position. But we cannot know whether government regulatory action will move us away from or towards the welfare-maximising position unless we also make unrealistic assumptions about behaviour in regulatory agencies. The neo-classical, market-failure approach therefore takes us down an intellectual rabbit hole. It is instead possible to think of regulation as part of the set of services provided by the market, rather than something that to be done to the market ex-post. The discovery of regulatory organisations is part of the entrepreneurial market process. Regulatory institutions evolving within the market continue to evolve, despite the attempts by government agencies to regulate markets in very detailed ways. Modern examples would include the International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA), whose record during the financial crisis was faultless. There are disadvantages arising from private regulatory bodies: they can encourage cartelistic behaviour and may prove less effective where the economic activity in question gives rise to widespread social costs beyond market participants. However, we should reject market failure analysis and operate under the assumption that the market can provide regulatory services because they are valued by market participants. Where statutory regulation is used, it should generally be voluntary with products not regulated by the statutory regulator being clearly identified as such
    Note: Nach Informationen von SSRN wurde die ursprüngliche Fassung des Dokuments July 19, 2019 erstellt
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Book
    Book
    New York : Viking Press
    UID:
    (DE-603)303060948
    Format: 100 S.
    ISBN: 0670456233 , 9780670456239
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Book
    Book
    UID:
    (DE-603)81445674X
    Language: Undetermined
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  • 10
    UID:
    (DE-603)129876941
    Format: XIII, 254 S. , Kt., graph. Darst.
    ISBN: 0754643379
    Language: English
    Subjects: Political Science , Geography
    RVK:
    RVK:
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