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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, DC :World Bank,
    UID:
    almafu_9958066456202883
    Format: xxiv, 245 pages : , illustrations ; , 24 cm.
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 1-280-08501-0 , 9786610085019 , 0-8213-5681-X
    Series Statement: World Bank regional and sectoral studies
    Note: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph , Intro -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Executive Summary -- Understanding the Labor Market Context and Developments -- Making Reforms Work in Public Training -- Opening Markets for Nongovernment Training Institutions -- Recognizing Formal Sector Enterprises as Trainers -- Building Skills for the Informal Economy -- Promoting Training Reforms with Financing -- Moving Forward with Reforms -- Note -- 1. Introduction and Background -- Introduction -- The Rationale for Training -- Importance of Training in Sub-Saharan Africa Today -- Issues Surrounding TVET -- Highlights of Developments in the 1990s -- International Assistance for Skills Development -- Highlights of the Literature -- Modeling Training Decisions -- Questions of Particular Relevance to Sub-Saharan Africa -- The Africa Regional Review of Skills Development -- Notes -- 2. Labor Market Context and Developments -- Introduction -- Income and Poverty -- Labor Supply -- Labor Demand -- The Informal Sector -- Labor Market Information -- Notes -- 3. Making Reforms Work In Public Training -- Introduction -- An Assessment of State-Sponsored Training -- Making Reforms Work -- Priorities and Policy Issues -- 4. Opening Markets for Nongovernment Training Institutions -- Introduction -- Scope and Characteristics of Nongovernment Training -- Financing and Costs -- Effectiveness -- Regulation of Nongovernment Training Providers -- Issues -- Notes -- 5. Recognizing Formal-Sector Enterprises as Trainers -- Introduction -- Background -- Importance of Enterprise-Based Training -- Pattern and Determinants of Enterprise-Based Training -- Benefits of Enterprise-Based Training -- Recruitment Practices -- Types of Training -- Public-Private Partnerships -- Collective Support Services -- Coping with HIV/AIDS -- Notes. , 6. Building Skills for the Informal Economy -- Introduction -- Traditional Apprenticeship Training -- Initiatives to Support Training Markets -- Policies -- Training Strategies for the Informal Sector -- Toward a Strategy to Improve Traditional Apprenticeship Training -- Issues -- Role of External Agencies -- Notes -- 7. Promoting Reforms with Training Finance -- Introduction -- Resource Mobilization -- Sale of Goods and Services -- Allocation Mechanisms -- Notes -- 8. Moving Forward with Reforms -- The Assessment -- Government's Role -- Role of International Partners -- A Research Agenda -- Appendixes -- Guide to Appendixes -- A. Mali and Senegal: Rationale for Private Provision of Technical-Vocational Education -- B. Mali: Private Technical-Vocational Training- Main Findings -- C. Senegal: Private TVE-Main Findings -- D. Benin: BAA-Improving Traditional Apprenticeship Training -- E. Cameroon: APME-Micro Enterprise Support and Promotion Program -- F. Cameroon: GIPA-One Association's Approach to Improving Traditional Apprenticeship Training -- G. Kenya: Jua Kali Project: Micro and Small Enterprise Training and Technology -- H. Kenya: SITE Project: Improving Traditional Apprenticeship Training -- I. Senegal: FEDNAPH-A Trade Association Providing Skills Training -- J. Tanzania: VETA/GTZ Project: Pilot Programs for Informal Sector Training -- K. Uganda: UNIDO/DANIDA/JICA Project: Master Craftspersons Training -- L. Zimbabwe: ISTARN-Traditional Apprenticeship Program -- M. Training Funds in Selected Sub-Saharan African Countries -- Principal Sources -- References and Selected Bibliography -- Tables -- 1.1 Distribution of Country and Case Studies -- 2.1 African Firms That Ranked the AIDS Epidemic as Having a Moderate or Major Impact on the Costs of Running Their Businesses -- 2.2 Labor Force Participation Rates, by Gender, 1980 and 1997. , 2.3 Benin: Time Use, by Women and Men -- 2.4 Adult Literacy Rates, Selected African Countries, 1985 and 1995 -- 2.5 Gross Enrollment Rates in Africa, 1960-97 -- 2.6 Education Levels of Household Heads, Selected African Countries, 1993-97 -- 2.7 Public Sector Wage-Employment, Selected African Countries, 1993-99 -- 3.1 Secondary Enrollments in Technical-Vocational Subjects -- 4.1 Obstacles to Nongovernment Technical-Vocational Training and Solutions -- 4.2 Annual Salaries of Public and Nongovernment TVE Instructors in CFA Francs, Mali and Senegal -- 4.3 Regulatory Frameworks for Nongovernment Technical-Vocational Training, Mali and Senegal -- 5.1 Determinants of Enterprise Efficiency (percentage increase in value added) -- 6.1 Training Needs in the Informal Sector -- 6.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Traditional Apprenticeship as a Means of Skills Development -- 7.1 Revenue-Generating Payroll Taxes in Sub-Saharan Africa -- 7.2 Tanzania: Sources of Incomes and Training Costs, Selected Church-Owned Training Centers -- 7.3 Mechanisms for Funding Diversification: Advantages and Risks -- 7.4 Income Sources of National Training Funds, Selected Sub-Saharan African Countries -- 7.5 Key Conditions for Training Fund Success -- 7.6 National Levy-Grant Schemes in Selected Sub-Saharan African Countries -- 7.7 Weaknesses Common to Levy-Grant Schemes -- 7.8 Strengths and Weaknesses of Enterprise Training Schemes -- 8.1 Strengths and Weaknesses by Type of Training Provider -- Figures -- 1.1 World Bank Lending for TVET, Total and Africa Region -- 1.2 TVET Lending as a Percentage of Total Education Lending -- 1.3 World Bank Education and Training Projects with Training Investments -- 1.4 Studies Included in the Review -- 2.1. Sub-Saharan Africa: Estimated Proportions of Formal and Informal Sector Employment. , 2.2. Labor Force Structure, by Major Economic Sector, Selected African Countries, 1997 -- 2.3. Informal Sector Employment as a Share of Nonagricultural Employment, Selected African Countries (1990s) -- 2.4. Structure of the Urban Informal Sector, Selected Francophone Countries, 1980s/1990s -- 2.5. Steps in the Training Process -- 3.1 The Range of Public Training Provision by Ownership -- 3.2a Relevance -- 3.2b Quality (Effectiveness) -- 3.2c Internal Efficiency -- 4.1 Diversity in Nongovernment Institution-Based Training -- 4.2 Tanzania: Vocational Training Places by Ownership -- 4.3 Zambia: Training Institutions by Ownership -- 4.4 Costs per Trainee, Nonpublic and Public TVE Institutions in CFA Francs -- 4.5 Mali: Examination Results, Nonpublic and National Totals, by Type of Diploma (1999-2000) -- 4.6 Senegal: Success Rates for State Diplomas, 2000 -- 4.7 Zambia: Examination Passes in Nonpublic Institutions by Type of Examination, 1998-2001 -- 4.8 Zambia: Training Institutions by Type Ranked by Level of Standards, 2001 -- 5.1 Incidence of Formal Training by Industry: Kenya, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, 1995 -- 5.2 Incidence of Informal Training by Industry: Kenya, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, 1995 -- 5.3 International Comparison of Incidence of Informal and Formal Training: Selected Countries -- 5.4 African Enterprises Providing Informal Training by Firm Size, 1995 -- 5.5 African Enterprises Providing Formal Training by Firm Size, 1995 -- 5.6 Percentage of African Firms Providing Formal Training by Ownership, 1995 -- 5.7 Percentage of African Firms Providing Informal Training by Ownership, 1995 -- 5.8 Informal and External Training by Exporting and Nonexporting Firms -- 5.9 Workers Receiving Training by Type and Job Category: Kenya and Zimbabwe, 1995 -- Boxes -- 2.1 Cameroon: Pathways to Entrepreneurship in the Informal Sector. , 2.2 Constraints on Informal Sector Enterprises -- 2.3 Namibia: Using Labor Market Information for Flexible Training Delivery -- 3.1 Kenya: Evaluation of Public TVET -- 3.2 CONFEMEN Conference on TVET in Bamako, 1998 -- 3.3 Employer-Owned and -Managed Training in Brazil -- 3.4 Zambia: Granting Autonomy to Public Training Institutions -- 3.5 Plans for the Ghanaian National Qualifications Framework -- 4.1 Forms of Regulation -- 4.2 Zambia: Playing Field Slanted against Nongovernment Providers -- 6.1 Senegal: Views on the Position of an Apprentice -- 6.2 The Role of Informal Sector Associations -- 6.3 Main Findings from Study on Literacy for Livelihood Skills -- 6.4 Training Follow-Up in Ghana -- 6.5 Role of Government in Informal Sector Training -- 7.1 Zambia: A Tale of Two Community-Based Trade Schools and Their Fee Policies -- 7.2 Senegal: Introduction of Extra Courses on a Fee-Paying Basis -- 7.3 Togo: Income Mobilization by Renting Institutional Premises -- 7.4 Zambia: Traditional Budgeting -- 7.5 South Africa: Normative Financing Experiment with Technical Colleges -- 7.6 Mauritius: Vouchers for Small Enterprise Training -- 7.7 Malawi: Apprenticeship Allowances. , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 0-8213-5680-1
    Language: English
    Subjects: Economics
    RVK:
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 2
    UID:
    almahu_9949190344602882
    Format: ix, 37 pages ; , 28 cm.
    ISBN: 0821330276
    Series Statement: World Bank discussion papers, 263
    Additional Edition: Print Version: ISBN 9780821330272
    Language: English
    Keywords: Fallstudiensammlung
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 3
    UID:
    almafu_9958057260102883
    Format: viii, 64 pages : , illustrations ; , 28 cm.
    ISBN: 1-280-01594-2 , 9786610015948 , 0-585-23626-7
    Series Statement: World Bank technical paper, no. 177
    Content: The performance of labor markets is important both for the smooth functioning of the economy, and in providing accurate signals about labor supply and demand to the education and training sector. This examination of Bank country economic and sector reports from 1985-1990 finds increasing attention to labor market issues over time. Wages and unemployment are the issues most often and most thoroughly treated in economic reports. Issues are treated most often and comprehensively in rapidly-growing countries with high levels of human resources development (high primary enrollment rates). While the Bank has given attention to labor market issues in the analysis of country economic and education sector reports, these issues have not been accorded priority in the policy dialogue with governments. The best predictor of attention to labor market issues in the policy dialogue is thorough analysis. More attention to labor markets early in the Bank-country dialogue will help build support for politically-sensitive labor market reforms and lead to better integration of labor market issues into the policy dialogue.
    Note: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph , English
    Additional Edition: ISBN 0-8213-2164-1
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048268582
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Content: Since first recognized in the early 1970s, the informal sector of Sub?Saharan Africa has become a growing source of employment for large numbers of youths, but also older workers pursuing entrepreneurial goals and others adjusting to structural changes in the region's employment. Initially viewed as a safety net for those unable to find employment in the modern sector, the image of the informal sector has begun to change with time and the education of those entering it. More workers have begun to view it, not as a temporary stop while searching for employment in the formal wage economy, but as a preferred destination offering opportunities to those wanting to become entrepreneurs. The chapter examines recent research covering measurement of employment in the informal sector, impediments to investing in skills within the sector, and policies and programs to expand this investment. It extends earlier work on this topic done under auspices of the World Bank. The purpose is to examine what is currently known about these issues, identify gaps in knowledge, and offer a strategy for expanding skills development in the informal sector. Recent research, for example, like that mentioned above in Ghana showing the changing character of employment in the informal sector and the prospect of growing returns to skills casts a new light on employment in this sector and merits further inquiry into the robustness of these findings in other countries to deepen our understanding of how skills influence the welfare of those who create their own employment in the informal sector and how the investment in skills can be expanded
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 5
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048264052
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    ISBN: 9780821399682
    Series Statement: Directions in development
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 6
    UID:
    almahu_9949191386502882
    Format: 1 online resource (pages cm)
    ISBN: 9780821399682 (alk. paper)
    Series Statement: Directions in development
    Additional Edition: Print Version: ISBN 9780821399682
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049077837
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiv, 245 Seiten) , ill , 24 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg
    ISBN: 0821356801 , 082135681X
    Series Statement: World Bank regional and sectoral studies
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 8
    Book
    Book
    Washington, D.C. :World Bank,
    UID:
    almafu_BV008197109
    Format: VIII, 64 S.
    Edition: 1. print.
    ISBN: 0-8213-2164-1
    Series Statement: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 〈Washington, DC〉: World Bank technical paper 177
    Language: English
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Beschäftigungspolitik ; Lohnpolitik ; Graue Literatur
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  • 9
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049079130
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 64 Seiten) , ill , 28 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg
    ISBN: 0821321641
    Series Statement: World Bank technical paper no.177
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 36)
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 10
    UID:
    almahu_BV008863247
    Format: XIX, 353 S. : graph. Darst.
    Edition: 1. printing
    ISBN: 0-19-520887-0
    Series Statement: A World Bank book
    Language: English
    Subjects: Economics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Berufsbildung ; Berufliche Fortbildung
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