Format:
1 Online-Ressource (205 Seiten)
Edition:
Also available in print
ISBN:
9781598298291
Series Statement:
Synthesis Lectures on Biomedical Engineering #23
Content:
Providing geneticists with an introduction to information theory and error-correcting codes as necessary tools of hereditary communication is the primary goal of this book. Some biological consequences of their use are also discussed, and guesses about hypothesized genomic codes are presented. Another goal is prompting communication engineers to get interested in genetics and biology, thereby broadening their horizon far beyond the technological field, and learning from the most outstanding engineer: Nature
Content:
Heredity performs literal communication of immensely long genomes through immensely long time intervals. Genomes nevertheless incur sporadic errors referred to as mutations which have significant and often dramatic effects, after a time interval as short as a human life. How can faithfulness at a very large timescale and unfaithfulness at a very short one be conciliated? The engineering problem of literal communication has been completely solved during the second half of the XX-th century. Originating in 1948 from Claude Shannon's seminal work, information theory provided means to measure info
Content:
An informal overview -- Genetics and communication engineering -- Seeing heredity as a communication process -- Regeneration versus replication -- A brief overview of molecular genetics -- DNA structure and replication -- DNA directs the construction of a phenotype -- From DNA to protein, and from a genome to a phenotype -- Genomes are very long -- An overview of information theory -- Shannon's paradigm -- Quantitative measurement of information -- Coding processes -- A brief introduction to error-correcting codes -- Variant of Shannon's paradigm intended to genetics -- Computing an upper bound of DNA capacity -- Facts of genetics and information theory -- More on molecular genetics -- Molecular memories : DNA and RNA -- Place and function of DNA in the cell -- Genome and phenotype -- DNA recombination and crossing over -- More on information theory -- Alphabet, sources, and entropy -- About source coding -- About channel coding -- Short introduction to algorithmic information theory -- Information and its relationship to semantics -- An outline of error-correcting codes --Communicating a message through a channel -- Repetition as a means of error correction -- Encoding a full message -- Error-correcting codes within information theory -- Convolutional codes -- Turbocodes -- Historical outlook -- Necessity of genomic error correcting codes and its consequences -- DNA is an ephemeral memory -- Probability of symbol erasure or substitution -- Capacity computations -- Estimating the error frequency before correction -- Paradoxically, a permanent memory is ephemeral -- A toy living world -- A simple model -- Computing statistical quantities -- The initial memory content is progressively forgotten -- Introducing natural selection in the toy living world -- Example of a toy living world using a very simple code -- Evolution in the toy living world : phyletic graphs -- Subsidiary hypothesis, nested system -- Description of a nested system -- Rate and length of component codes -- Distances in the nested system -- Consequences of the subsidiary hypothesis -- Soft codes -- Introducing codes defined by a set of constraints -- Genomic error-correcting codes as "soft codes" -- Biological soft codes form nested systems -- Further comments about genomic soft codes -- Is a eukaryotic gene a systematic codeword? -- Biological reality conforms to the hypotheses -- Genomes are very redundant -- Living beings belong to discrete species -- Necessity of successive regenerations -- Saltationism in evolution -- Trend of evolution towards complexity -- Evolution is contingent -- Relationship between genomes and phenotypes -- Identification of genomic codes -- Necessity of identifying genomic codes -- Identifying error-correction means -- Genome distinction and conservation -- Difficulties with sexual reproduction -- Conclusion and perspectives
Note:
Description based upon print version of record
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Contents; Foreword; I An Informal Overview; Introduction; Genetics and communication engineering; Seeing heredity as a communication process …; Main and subsidiary hypotheses; A static view of the living world: species and taxonomy; A dynamic view of the living world: evolution; Regeneration versus replication; A Brief Overview of Molecular Genetics; DNA structure and replication; DNA directs the construction of a phenotype; From DNA to protein, and from a genome to a phenotype; Genomes are very long; An Overview of Information Theory; Introduction; Shannon's paradigm
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Quantitative measurement of informationSingle occurrence of events; Entropy of a source; Average mutual information, capacity of a channel; Coding processes; Variants of Shannon's paradigm; Source coding; Channel coding; Normalizing the blocks of Shannon's paradigm; Fundamental theorems; A brief introduction to error-correcting codes; Redundant code, Hamming distance, and Hamming space; Reception in the presence of errors; Variant of Shannon's paradigm intended to genetics; Computing an upper bound of DNA capacity; Summary of the next chapters; II Facts of Genetics and Information Theory
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More on Molecular GeneticsMolecular memories: DNA and RNA; Unidimensional polymers as hereditary memories; Structure of double-strand DNA; RNA as another molecular memory; DNA as a long-lasting support of information; Error-correction coding as an implicit hypothesis; Place and function of DNA in the cell; Chromosomes and genomes; Principle of DNA replication; Genes instruct the synthesis of proteins; Amino-acids and polypeptidic chains; Synthesis of a polypeptidic chain; Proteins; Genome and phenotype; A genome instructs the development and maintenance of a phenotype
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A phenotype hosts the genome from which it originatesDNA recombination and crossing over; More on Information Theory; Alphabet, sources, and entropy; Memoryless sources, Markovian sources, and their entropy; A fundamental property of stationary ergodic sources; About source coding; Source coding using a source extension; Kraft-McMillan inequality; Fundamental theorem of source coding; About channel coding; Fundamental theorem of channel coding; Coding for the binary symmetric channel; General case: Feinstein's lemma; Short introduction to algorithmic information theory
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Principle of the algorithmic information theoryAlgorithmic complexity and its relation to randomness and entropy; Sequences generated by random programs; Information and its relationship to semantics; Appendices; An Outline of Error-Correcting Codes; Introduction; Communicating a message through a channel; Defining a message; Describing a channel; Repetition as a means of error correction; Error patterns on repeated symbols and their probability; Decision on a repeated symbol by majority voting; Soft decision on a repeated symbol; Encoding a full message; Introduction; A simple example
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Decoding the code taken as example using the syndrome
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Also available in print.
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System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader.
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Mode of access: World Wide Web.
Additional Edition:
ISBN 9781598298284
Additional Edition:
Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe An Outline of Informational Genetics
Language:
English
Keywords:
Electronic books
DOI:
10.2200/S00151ED1V01Y200809BME023
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