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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Smooth Operator: Remittances and Fiscal Shocks / (2017)
    Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,
    Details
    UID:
    edocfu_9959745949502883
    Format: 1 online resource (40 pages)
    ISBN: 1-4843-1178-7 , 1-4843-1181-7
    Series Statement: IMF Working Papers
    Content: With 250 million migrants globally, remittances are one of the major sources of income in many developing countries. While there is abundant evidence that remittances facilitate consumption smoothing in receving countries, the literature has not considered whether this effect varies with the fiscal stance and during fiscal shocks. Therefore, we investigate the impact of remittances on the stability of household consumption, using both cross-country and household-level datasets. Our focus is on whether the consumption-smoothing effect changes with fiscal policy phases and whether remittances and government support are substitutes or complements in stabilizing household consumption. We find that remittances help smooth consumption, and hence improve welfare, more during fiscal consolidation episodes, while this impact is insignificant during fiscal expansions. The results also indicate that the effect is more pronounced in countries with greater reliance on remittances.
    Note: Cover -- Contents -- ABSTRACT -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. OVERVIEW OF THE LITERATURE -- III. EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS -- A. Cross-Country Analysis -- B. Household-Level Analysis -- IV. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- TABLES -- 1. Summary Statistics (Full Sample) -- 2. Summary Statistics (High Remittance Countries) -- 3. Mexican Households: Income Sources and Expenditure Shares -- 4. Determinants of Household Consumption in Mexico -- 5. Determinants of Household Consumption in Mexico: The Role of Government Support and Remittances -- FIGURES -- 1. Migrant Remittances Across the World, 1990-2015 -- 2. Remittances, Volatility and Deviation from Perfect Risk Sharing -- 3. Distribution of Fiscal Episodes -- 4. Consumption Smoothing Impact of Remittances -- 5. Migrant Remittances in Mexico, 1980-2015 -- 6. Effect of Remittances and Government Support on Consumption.
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4843-0787-9
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    FU Berlin
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Smooth Operator: Remittances and Fiscal Shocks / (2017)
    Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,
    Details
    UID:
    edoccha_9959745949502883
    Format: 1 online resource (40 pages)
    ISBN: 1-4843-1178-7 , 1-4843-1181-7
    Series Statement: IMF Working Papers
    Content: With 250 million migrants globally, remittances are one of the major sources of income in many developing countries. While there is abundant evidence that remittances facilitate consumption smoothing in receving countries, the literature has not considered whether this effect varies with the fiscal stance and during fiscal shocks. Therefore, we investigate the impact of remittances on the stability of household consumption, using both cross-country and household-level datasets. Our focus is on whether the consumption-smoothing effect changes with fiscal policy phases and whether remittances and government support are substitutes or complements in stabilizing household consumption. We find that remittances help smooth consumption, and hence improve welfare, more during fiscal consolidation episodes, while this impact is insignificant during fiscal expansions. The results also indicate that the effect is more pronounced in countries with greater reliance on remittances.
    Note: Cover -- Contents -- ABSTRACT -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. OVERVIEW OF THE LITERATURE -- III. EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS -- A. Cross-Country Analysis -- B. Household-Level Analysis -- IV. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- TABLES -- 1. Summary Statistics (Full Sample) -- 2. Summary Statistics (High Remittance Countries) -- 3. Mexican Households: Income Sources and Expenditure Shares -- 4. Determinants of Household Consumption in Mexico -- 5. Determinants of Household Consumption in Mexico: The Role of Government Support and Remittances -- FIGURES -- 1. Migrant Remittances Across the World, 1990-2015 -- 2. Remittances, Volatility and Deviation from Perfect Risk Sharing -- 3. Distribution of Fiscal Episodes -- 4. Consumption Smoothing Impact of Remittances -- 5. Migrant Remittances in Mexico, 1980-2015 -- 6. Effect of Remittances and Government Support on Consumption.
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4843-0787-9
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Charité
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trade, Jobs, and Inequality / (2021)
    Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,
    Details
    UID:
    edocfu_9960178749602883
    Format: 1 online resource (44 pages)
    ISBN: 1-5135-8978-4
    Series Statement: IMF Working Papers
    Content: This paper examines the impact of trade on employment, wages, and other outcomes across countries and explores the conditions and policies that help spread the gains from trade more evenly throughout the population. We exploit a large global firm-level dataset to examine the impact of import competition on employment, wages, and firm performance, as well as the firm, industry, and country factors that mitigate any negative impact of an import shock. In contrast to the results of some well-known single-country studies, we find limited adverse impact of import competition. In some countries and industries, import competition actually strengthens employment growth. In addition, import competition tends to improve average wages, investment, and firm profitability. Country characteristics, such as educational attainment, can also improve employment prospects in response to trade shocks. Finally, we find that firms experiencing greater import competition start with higher average wages; thus any relatively slower employment growth in this group of firms could lead to lower inequality.
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-5135-8435-9
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    FU Berlin
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Filling the Gap: Digital Credit and Financial Inclusion / (2020)
    Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,
    Details
    UID:
    edoccha_9960178647802883
    Format: 1 online resource (30 pages)
    ISBN: 1-5135-5506-5
    Series Statement: IMF Working Papers
    Content: Can fintech credit fill the credit gap in the consumer and business segments? There are few cross-country studies that explore this question. Focusing on marketplace lending, an important part of fintech credit, we use data for 109 countries from 2015 to 2017 to study the relationship between fintech credit to businesses and consumers and various aspects of financial development. Marketplace lending to consumers grows in countries where financial depth declines highlighting the role of fintech credit in filling the credit gap by traditional lenders. This result is particularly strong in low-income countries. In the business segment, marketplace lending expands where financial efficiency declines. Our findings show that low-income countries take advantage of the fintech credit opportunity in the consumer segment but face important challenges in the business segment.
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-5135-5247-3
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Charité
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trade, Jobs, and Inequality / (2021)
    Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,
    Details
    UID:
    edoccha_9960178749602883
    Format: 1 online resource (44 pages)
    ISBN: 1-5135-8978-4
    Series Statement: IMF Working Papers
    Content: This paper examines the impact of trade on employment, wages, and other outcomes across countries and explores the conditions and policies that help spread the gains from trade more evenly throughout the population. We exploit a large global firm-level dataset to examine the impact of import competition on employment, wages, and firm performance, as well as the firm, industry, and country factors that mitigate any negative impact of an import shock. In contrast to the results of some well-known single-country studies, we find limited adverse impact of import competition. In some countries and industries, import competition actually strengthens employment growth. In addition, import competition tends to improve average wages, investment, and firm profitability. Country characteristics, such as educational attainment, can also improve employment prospects in response to trade shocks. Finally, we find that firms experiencing greater import competition start with higher average wages; thus any relatively slower employment growth in this group of firms could lead to lower inequality.
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-5135-8435-9
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    Charité
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Filling the Gap: Digital Credit and Financial Inclusion / (2020)
    Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,
    Details
    UID:
    edocfu_9960178647802883
    Format: 1 online resource (30 pages)
    ISBN: 1-5135-5506-5
    Series Statement: IMF Working Papers
    Content: Can fintech credit fill the credit gap in the consumer and business segments? There are few cross-country studies that explore this question. Focusing on marketplace lending, an important part of fintech credit, we use data for 109 countries from 2015 to 2017 to study the relationship between fintech credit to businesses and consumers and various aspects of financial development. Marketplace lending to consumers grows in countries where financial depth declines highlighting the role of fintech credit in filling the credit gap by traditional lenders. This result is particularly strong in low-income countries. In the business segment, marketplace lending expands where financial efficiency declines. Our findings show that low-income countries take advantage of the fintech credit opportunity in the consumer segment but face important challenges in the business segment.
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-5135-5247-3
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    FU Berlin
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trade Integration in Latin America: A Network Perspective / (2017)
    Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,
    Details
    UID:
    edoccha_9959301363202883
    Format: 1 online resource (34 pages)
    ISBN: 1-4843-0661-9 , 1-4843-0709-7
    Series Statement: IMF Working Papers
    Content: The paper applies a network analysis framework to analyze the regional and global integration of Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. We compare network-based measures of trade integration to conventional measures, decomposing integration along several dimensions to better understand the sources of trade connectivity and their impact on growth. The paper finds that LAC countries are relatively well integrated in terms of links to diversified markets, but the strength of those links is weak. Comparing trade integration to predictions from gravity models, we find many LAC countries have significant scope to improve connectivity and increase their roles in regional and world trade networks.
    Note: Cover -- Trade Integration in Latin America: A Network Perspective -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. DATA AND METHODOLOGY -- III. HOW INTEGRATED IS LAC IN THE WORLD TRADE NETWORK? -- IV. INTEGRATION IN ACTUAL VERSUS BENCHMARK TRADE NETWORKS -- V. CONCLUSIONS -- VI. REFERENCES.
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4843-0366-0
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Charité
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Migration and Remittances in Latin America and the Caribbean : Engines of Growth and Macroeconomic Stabilizers? (2017)
    Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,
    Details
    UID:
    edoccha_9959301363502883
    Format: 1 online resource (81 pages).
    ISBN: 1-4843-0626-0 , 1-4843-0655-4
    Series Statement: IMF Working Papers
    Content: Outward migration has been an important phenomenon for countries in Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC), particularly those in Central America and the Caribbean. This paper examines recent trends in outward migration from and remittances to LAC, as well as their costs and benefits. For the home country, the negative impact from emigration on labor resources and productivity seems to outweigh growth gains from remittances, notably for the Caribbean. However, given emigration, remittance flows play key financing and stabilizing roles in Central America and the Caribbean. They facilitate private consumption smoothing, support financial sector stability and fiscal revenues, and help reduce poverty and inequality, without strong evidence for harmful competitiveness effects through shifts in the real exchange rate.
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4843-0364-4
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    Charité
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Panama’s Growth Prospects : Determinants and Sectoral Perspectives (2017)
    Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,
    Details
    UID:
    edocfu_9959301362902883
    Format: 1 online resource (31 pages)
    ISBN: 1-4843-0872-7 , 1-4843-0874-3
    Series Statement: IMF Working Papers
    Content: This paper estimates medium-term potential growth for a country undergoing significant structural and secular changes. Our forward-looking framework, incorporating three analytical approaches for examining economic prospects, constitutes an important complement to typical backward-looking methods that filter or extrapolate historical data. In particular, the opening of the expanded Panama Canal in 2016 highlights significant structural changes underway in the Panamanian economy. We first analyze growth determinants and find that Panama is well-placed to maintain its business model, with improvements in education and governance important to support growth. Second, the current pipeline of investment projects can help sustain investment-led growth, although at a more moderate pace. Third, further development of the logistics and tourism sectors holds promise to further build on Panama’s comparative advantage.
    Note: Cover -- Contents -- ABSTRACT -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. DETERMINANTS OF GROWTH: HOW DOES PANAMA COMPARE? -- A. Recent Growth Performance -- B. Growth Determinants -- III. INVESTMENT AS A DRIVER OF GROWTH: CAN HIGH INVESTMENT BE SUSTAINED OVER THE MEDIUM-TERM? -- A. Contribution to Growth from Large-scale Investment Projects -- B. Growth Accounting and Factors of Production -- IV. TRANSFORMING PANAMA INTO A GLOBAL LOGISTICS HUB: WHAT CAN PANAMA LEARN FROM SINGAPORE? -- A. Singapore's Success Story -- B. Where Does Panama Stand? -- V. LEVERAGING CONNECTIVITY TO STRENGTHEN TOURISM -- A. Panama's Tourism Sector - Taking Stock -- B. Performance of the Tourism Sector -- C. Opportunities to Strengthen Panama's Tourism Sector -- VI. CONCLUSIONS -- VII. REFERENCES -- FIGURES -- 1. Recent Economic Performance -- 2. Infrastructure Quality Indicators Relative to GDP per Capita (2014) -- 3. Education Performance -- 4. Cost of Finance -- 5.Survey-based Competitiveness Indictors -- 6. Singapore: Sectoral Performance -- 7. Port Performance -- 8. Panama and Singapore: Logistics Performance Index -- 9. Panama and Singapore: Survey-based Competitiveness Indictors -- 10. Tourism's Contribution to the Economy -- 11. Tourism Arrivals by Market -- 12. Tourism Sector Competitiveness -- 13. Tourism Performance and Market Share -- TABLES -- 1: Overview of Ongoing and Planned Investment Projects -- 2. Growth Accounting: Estimated Average Contribution to Growth -- 3. Singapore and Panama: Comparing Logistics-Relevant Features.
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4843-0786-0
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Online Resource
    FU Berlin
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trade Integration in Latin America: A Network Perspective / (2017)
    Washington, D.C. :International Monetary Fund,
    Details
    UID:
    edocfu_9959301363202883
    Format: 1 online resource (34 pages)
    ISBN: 1-4843-0661-9 , 1-4843-0709-7
    Series Statement: IMF Working Papers
    Content: The paper applies a network analysis framework to analyze the regional and global integration of Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. We compare network-based measures of trade integration to conventional measures, decomposing integration along several dimensions to better understand the sources of trade connectivity and their impact on growth. The paper finds that LAC countries are relatively well integrated in terms of links to diversified markets, but the strength of those links is weak. Comparing trade integration to predictions from gravity models, we find many LAC countries have significant scope to improve connectivity and increase their roles in regional and world trade networks.
    Note: Cover -- Trade Integration in Latin America: A Network Perspective -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. DATA AND METHODOLOGY -- III. HOW INTEGRATED IS LAC IN THE WORLD TRADE NETWORK? -- IV. INTEGRATION IN ACTUAL VERSUS BENCHMARK TRADE NETWORKS -- V. CONCLUSIONS -- VI. REFERENCES.
    Additional Edition: ISBN 1-4843-0366-0
    Language: English
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    FU Berlin
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