Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund

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Format: 1 Online-Ressource (VIII, 251 Seiten) : , Illustrationen, Diagramme.

ISBN: 978-3-318-00821-0

Series Statement: Frontiers of gastrointestinal research Vol. 25

Content: Over the last decade, considerable progress has been made in understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in gastrointestinal mucosal injury and repair. These findings provide the basis to identify the etiology and pathogenesis of various gut mucosal injury-related diseases and to develop new therapeutic approaches.The publication at hand is divided into three sections: Epithelial restitution, mucosal repair and ulcer healing, and experimental therapeutics. The first part highlights the early rapid mucosal restitution, focussing on the roles of extracellular matrix, cytoskeleton, cytokines, Ca2+ signaling, polyamines, and the protein kinase C / DAG pathways. The next section deals with aspects of chronic mucosal healing, concentrating on the roles of primary response gene expression, angiogenesis and angiogenic growth factors, platelets, and the mechanisms of cell renewal after injury in special circumstances. The last part explores new therapeutic approaches, stressing potential clinical applications of nitric oxide-releasing agents, polysaccharides, nitric oxide synthase modulators, growth factors, prostaglandins, and cyclooxygenase inhibitors.Covering the current state-of-the-art findings relevant to gut mucosal injury and repair as well as providing the underlying conceptual basis and knowledge regarding experimental therapeutics for gastrointestinal mucosal injury-related diseases, this publication will be a timely guide for investigators working in the field

Note: a timely guide for researchers

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-3-8055-7382-5

Language: English

Subjects: Medicine

Keywords: Gastrointestinale Krankheit ; Pharmakotherapie ; Aufsatzsammlung

DOI: 10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-00821-0

URL: Volltext

UID:

Format: 1 Online-Ressource (VIII, 251 Seiten) : , Illustrationen, Diagramme.

ISBN: 978-3-318-00821-0

Series Statement: Frontiers of gastrointestinal research Vol. 25

Content: Over the last decade, considerable progress has been made in understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in gastrointestinal mucosal injury and repair. These findings provide the basis to identify the etiology and pathogenesis of various gut mucosal injury-related diseases and to develop new therapeutic approaches.The publication at hand is divided into three sections: Epithelial restitution, mucosal repair and ulcer healing, and experimental therapeutics. The first part highlights the early rapid mucosal restitution, focussing on the roles of extracellular matrix, cytoskeleton, cytokines, Ca2+ signaling, polyamines, and the protein kinase C / DAG pathways. The next section deals with aspects of chronic mucosal healing, concentrating on the roles of primary response gene expression, angiogenesis and angiogenic growth factors, platelets, and the mechanisms of cell renewal after injury in special circumstances. The last part explores new therapeutic approaches, stressing potential clinical applications of nitric oxide-releasing agents, polysaccharides, nitric oxide synthase modulators, growth factors, prostaglandins, and cyclooxygenase inhibitors.Covering the current state-of-the-art findings relevant to gut mucosal injury and repair as well as providing the underlying conceptual basis and knowledge regarding experimental therapeutics for gastrointestinal mucosal injury-related diseases, this publication will be a timely guide for investigators working in the field

Note: a timely guide for researchers

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-3-8055-7382-5

Language: English

Subjects: Medicine

Keywords: Gastrointestinale Krankheit ; Pharmakotherapie ; Aufsatzsammlung

DOI: 10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-00821-0

URL: Volltext

UID:

Format: 1 Online-Ressource (VIII, 251 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme

ISBN: 9783318008210

Series Statement: Frontiers of gastrointestinal research Vol. 25

Content: Over the last decade, considerable progress has been made in understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in gastrointestinal mucosal injury and repair. These findings provide the basis to identify the etiology and pathogenesis of various gut mucosal injury-related diseases and to develop new therapeutic approaches.The publication at hand is divided into three sections: Epithelial restitution, mucosal repair and ulcer healing, and experimental therapeutics. The first part highlights the early rapid mucosal restitution, focussing on the roles of extracellular matrix, cytoskeleton, cytokines, Ca2+ signaling, polyamines, and the protein kinase C / DAG pathways. The next section deals with aspects of chronic mucosal healing, concentrating on the roles of primary response gene expression, angiogenesis and angiogenic growth factors, platelets, and the mechanisms of cell renewal after injury in special circumstances. The last part explores new therapeutic approaches, stressing potential clinical applications of nitric oxide-releasing agents, polysaccharides, nitric oxide synthase modulators, growth factors, prostaglandins, and cyclooxygenase inhibitors.Covering the current state-of-the-art findings relevant to gut mucosal injury and repair as well as providing the underlying conceptual basis and knowledge regarding experimental therapeutics for gastrointestinal mucosal injury-related diseases, this publication will be a timely guide for investigators working in the field

Note: a timely guide for researchers

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-3-8055-7382-5

Language: English

Subjects: Medicine

Keywords: Gastrointestinale Krankheit ; Pharmakotherapie ; Aufsatzsammlung

DOI: 10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-00821-0

URL: Volltext

UID:

Format: 1 Online-Ressource (VIII, 251 Seiten) : , Illustrationen, Diagramme.

ISBN: 978-3-318-00821-0

Series Statement: Frontiers of gastrointestinal research Vol. 25

Content: Over the last decade, considerable progress has been made in understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in gastrointestinal mucosal injury and repair. These findings provide the basis to identify the etiology and pathogenesis of various gut mucosal injury-related diseases and to develop new therapeutic approaches.The publication at hand is divided into three sections: Epithelial restitution, mucosal repair and ulcer healing, and experimental therapeutics. The first part highlights the early rapid mucosal restitution, focussing on the roles of extracellular matrix, cytoskeleton, cytokines, Ca2+ signaling, polyamines, and the protein kinase C / DAG pathways. The next section deals with aspects of chronic mucosal healing, concentrating on the roles of primary response gene expression, angiogenesis and angiogenic growth factors, platelets, and the mechanisms of cell renewal after injury in special circumstances. The last part explores new therapeutic approaches, stressing potential clinical applications of nitric oxide-releasing agents, polysaccharides, nitric oxide synthase modulators, growth factors, prostaglandins, and cyclooxygenase inhibitors.Covering the current state-of-the-art findings relevant to gut mucosal injury and repair as well as providing the underlying conceptual basis and knowledge regarding experimental therapeutics for gastrointestinal mucosal injury-related diseases, this publication will be a timely guide for investigators working in the field

Note: a timely guide for researchers

Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-3-8055-7382-5

Language: English

Subjects: Medicine

Keywords: Gastrointestinale Krankheit ; Pharmakotherapie ; Aufsatzsammlung

DOI: 10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-00821-0

URL: Volltext

URL: Volltext

URL: lizenzpflichtig

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (188 pages)

ISBN: 0-12-814320-7 , 0-12-814319-3

Note: Includes index. , Front Cover -- Antimicrobial Peptides in Gastrointestinal Diseases -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- General Introduction of Antimicrobial Peptides and Gastrointestinal Diseases -- Chapter 1: Regulation of Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides Expression in the Digestive Tract -- 1. Digestive Tract Microbiome as a Factor Regulating Expression of Cationic Antibacterial Peptides -- 2. Factors Regulating Expression of AMPs and Molecular Mechanisms Governing This Process -- 3. Regulation of AMPs Expression in Autoimmune Disorders Associated With the Gastrointestinal Tract -- 4. Stimulated Expression of AMPs in the Digestive Tract as a Potential New Method for Infection Treatment: A Great Altern ... -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2: Antimicrobial Peptides in the Host-Microbiota Homeostasis -- 1. Background -- 2. Characteristic of Microbiota -- 2.1. Composition in the Skin Microbiome -- 2.2. Composition in the Respiratory Tract Microbiome -- 2.3. Composition in the Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiome -- 3. Biological Function of Antimicrobial Peptides -- 4. Antimicrobial Peptide as a Targeted Modulator on Human Microbiome -- 5. Challenges and Future Avenues -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 3: The Roles of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Regulation of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Innate Immunity -- 1. A Brief Introduction to Gastrointestinal Antimicrobial Peptides -- 2. The Utility of AMPs as IBD Biomarkers -- 3. Bacterial-Derived Substances Activate Innate Mucosal Immunity Via Cathelicidin Expression -- 4. The Roles of AMPs in Gastrointestinal Infection and Inflammation -- 5. The Roles of AMPs in Obesity, Liver Steatosis, and Metabolic Syndromes -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 4: Cathelicidin in Gastrointestinal Disorders -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Distribution and Functions of Cathelicidin in the GI Tract. , 2.1. The Distribution of Cathelicidin in the GI Tract -- 2.2. The Functions of Cathelicidin in the GI Tract -- 2.2.1. Mechanism of Antimicrobial Action -- 2.2.2. Preventing Lipopolysaccharide (Lps)-Induced Inflammation -- 2.2.3. Modulatory Influences in Inflammation -- 2.2.4. Clearance of Active Inflammatory Mediators -- 2.3. Cathelicidin and Wound Healing -- 2.3.1. Angiogenic Influences -- 2.3.2. Mitogenic and Promigratory Influences -- 3. The Role of Cathelicidin in H. pylori Infection, Gastric Cancer, and Mucosal Repair in the Stomach -- 3.1. Cathelicidin and H. pylori Infection -- 3.2. Cathelicidin and Gastric Cancer -- 3.3. Cathelicidin and Wound Repair in the Stomach -- 4. The Role of Cathelicidin in Ulcerative Colitis and Colon Cancer -- 4.1. General Introduction to Ulcerative Colitis -- 4.2. Intestinal Microbiota and Ulcerative Colitis -- 4.3. Cathelicidin and Ulcerative Colitis -- 4.4. Cathelicidin and Colon Cancer -- 5. Final Conclusion Using Cathelicidin as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for GI Disorders -- References -- Chapter 5: Antimicrobial Peptides as Potential Therapy for Gastrointestinal Cancers: Opportunities and Challenges -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Structure and Classification of Human AMPs -- 3. Expression of Cathelicidin and Defensins in GI Cancer -- 3.1. LL-37 -- 3.2. Beta Defensins -- 3.3. Alpha Defensins HNP 1-3 -- 3.4. Alpha Defensins HD5, HD6 -- 4. The Roles of Cathelicidin (LL-37) and Defensins in Tumorigenesis -- 4.1. In Vitro Studies -- 4.1.1. Cathelicidin -- Cathelicidin and GI Cancer -- Cathelicidin and Other Cancers -- 4.1.2. Defensins and Cancer Cells -- 4.2. In Vivo Studies -- 4.2.1. In Vivo Studies of LL-37 -- LL-37 in GI Cancer -- LL-37 in Other Cancers -- 4.2.2. In Vivo Study of Defensins -- 5. Mechanisms of Antitumor Activity of Cathelicidin and Human Defensins -- 5.1. Cell Membrane Lysis. , 5.2. Mitochondrial Membrane Depolarization and DNA Fragmentation -- 5.3. Apoptosis and Autophagy -- 5.4. Regulation of MicroRNA -- 5.5. Alteration of Tumor Cell Metabolic Profile -- 5.6. Activation of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) -- 5.7. Inhibition of Cancer Cell Migration -- 5.8. Regulation of Gene Transcription -- 5.9. Regulation of Host Immune System (Indirect Antitumor Activity) -- 6. The Potential for AMPs in Anticancer Therapy: Opportunities and Challenges -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: AMPs and Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Action -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Common Structural Features of AMPs -- 3. Overview and Localization -- 3.1. Paneth Cells as AMP Factory -- 3.1.1. Enteric α-Defensins -- 3.1.2. Lysozyme -- 3.1.3. Phosholipase A2 -- 3.1.4. REG3α -- 3.1.5. Intelectin-1 -- 3.2. AMPs From Enterocytes and Colonocytes -- 3.2.1. Human β-Defensins -- 3.2.2. Cathelicidins (LL37) -- 3.2.3. Lipocalin-2 -- 3.3. AMPs From Immune Cells -- 3.4. AMPs From Microbiota -- 4. Mechanisms of Microbial Killing -- 4.1. Bacterial Membrane Permeabilization -- 4.1.1. Timing in Bacterial Membrane Permeabilization -- 4.1.2. Specific Steps in AMPs-Membrane Interaction -- 4.1.2.1. Attraction -- 4.1.2.2. Attachment -- 4.1.2.3. Peptide-Insertion -- 4.2. Enzymatic Attack on Bacterial Wall Structures -- 4.2.1. Lysozyme -- 4.2.2. Secretory Phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) -- 4.3. Lectins as Bacterial Killers -- 4.3.1. REG3α -- 4.3.2. Human Intelectin-1 -- 4.4. Interference at Intracellular Level -- 4.4.1. Bacterial Cell Filamentation -- 4.4.2. Inhibition DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis -- 4.4.3. Inhibition of Cell Wall Synthesis -- 4.5. Bacterial Trapping by Nanonets -- 4.6. AMPs Exploiting Multiple Antimicrobial Strategies -- 4.6.1. α-Defensin 5 -- 4.6.2. Cathelicidins (LL37) -- 4.6.3. Bacteriocines -- 5. Influence of the Physiological Milieu. , 6. Antimicrobial Peptides as Potential Therapeutic Agents -- 6.1. HD5 vs Salmonella typhimurium -- 6.2. HD5 and HNP-1 vs Clostridium difficile -- 6.3. REG3γ vs L. monocytogenes and E. faecalis -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7: Host Defense Peptides as Innate Immunomodulators in the Pathogenesis of Colitis -- 1. Background -- 2. Host Defense Peptides -- 2.1. HDPs in Infectious Colitis -- 2.2. HDPs in IBDs -- 3. Mechanisms Used by Host Defense Peptides During Colitis -- 3.1. Antibacterial Role of HDPs in the Intestine -- 3.2. Immunomodulatory Role of HDPs in Colitis -- 3.2.1. Proinflammatory Chemoattraction and Cell Activation Effects of HDPs -- 3.2.2. Antiinflammatory Effects of HDPs -- 3.3. Interactions Between HDPs and Pattern Recognition Receptors -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Conclusion -- Index -- Back Cover.

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (260 p.)

ISBN: 3-318-00821-4

Series Statement: Frontiers of gastrointestinal research, vol. 25

Content: Over the last decade, considerable progress has been made in understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in gastrointestinal mucosal injury and repair. These findings provide the basis to identify the etiology and pathogenesis of various gut mucosal injury-related diseases and to develop new therapeutic approaches. The publication at hand is divided into three sections: Epithelial restitution, mucosal repair and ulcer healing, and experimental therapeutics. The first part highlights the early rapid mucosal restitution, focussing on the roles of extracellular matrix, cytoskeleton, cytokines, Ca2+ signaling, polyamines, and the protein kinase C / DAG pathways. The next section deals with aspects of chronic mucosal healing, concentrating on the roles of primary response gene expression, angiogenesis and angiogenic growth factors, platelets, and the mechanisms of cell renewal after injury in special circumstances. The last part explores new therapeutic approaches, stressing potential clinical applications of nitric oxide-releasing agents, polysaccharides, nitric oxide synthase modulators, growth factors, prostaglandins, and cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Covering the current state-of-the-art findings relevant to gut mucosal injury and repair as well as providing the underlying conceptual basis and knowledge regarding experimental therapeutics for gastrointestinal mucosal injury-related diseases, this publication will be a timely guide for investigators working in the field.

Note: Description based upon print version of record. , ""Frontiers of Gastrointestinal Research""; ""Contents""; ""Preface""; ""Part 1: Epithelial Restitution""; ""Roles of Extracellular Matrix and Cytoskeleton in Intestinal Epithelial Restitution""; ""Cytokines in Restitution""; ""Ca2+ Signaling in Epithelial Restitution""; ""Polyamines in Intestinal Epithelial Restitution""; ""Epithelial Restitution and Physical Stress""; ""The Diacylglycerol/Protein Kinase C Pathway in Gastrointestinal Mucosal Injury and Defense""; ""Part 2: Mucosal Repair and Ulcer Healing"" , ""Expression of Early Primary Response Genes in Healing of Gastrointestinal Mucosal Injury""""Role of Angiogenesis and Angiogenic Growth Factors in Mucosal Repair and Ulcer Healing""; ""Role of Platelets in Gastric Ulcer Healing: A Delivery System for Growth Factors""; ""Intestinal Mucosal Function following Ischemia/Reperfusion""; ""Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastroduodenal Mucosal Damage and Healing""; ""Part 3: Experimental Therapeutics""; ""Nitric Oxide-Releasing Agents � A New Generation of Drugs for Gastrointestinal Diseases"" , ""Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor, a Foe or a Friend in the Mucosal Protection and Repair""""Polysaccharides: A New Role in Gastrointestinal Protection""; ""Modulators of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase: Potential Drugs for the Therapy of Gut Inflammation?""; ""Peptide and Gene Therapy with Angiogenic Growth Factors bFGF, PDGF or VEGF in Gastrointestinal Ulcers in Rats""; ""Gastrointestinal Protective Action of Prostaglandin E2 and EP Receptor Subtypes""; ""Author Index""; ""Subject Index"" , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 3-8055-7382-0

Language: English

UID:

Format: xv, 361 p. : , ill. (some col.)

Edition: Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest, 2015. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest affiliated libraries.

Language: English

Keywords: Electronic books.

URL: Click to View

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (188 pages)

ISBN: 0-12-814320-7 , 0-12-814319-3

Note: Includes index. , Front Cover -- Antimicrobial Peptides in Gastrointestinal Diseases -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- General Introduction of Antimicrobial Peptides and Gastrointestinal Diseases -- Chapter 1: Regulation of Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides Expression in the Digestive Tract -- 1. Digestive Tract Microbiome as a Factor Regulating Expression of Cationic Antibacterial Peptides -- 2. Factors Regulating Expression of AMPs and Molecular Mechanisms Governing This Process -- 3. Regulation of AMPs Expression in Autoimmune Disorders Associated With the Gastrointestinal Tract -- 4. Stimulated Expression of AMPs in the Digestive Tract as a Potential New Method for Infection Treatment: A Great Altern ... -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2: Antimicrobial Peptides in the Host-Microbiota Homeostasis -- 1. Background -- 2. Characteristic of Microbiota -- 2.1. Composition in the Skin Microbiome -- 2.2. Composition in the Respiratory Tract Microbiome -- 2.3. Composition in the Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiome -- 3. Biological Function of Antimicrobial Peptides -- 4. Antimicrobial Peptide as a Targeted Modulator on Human Microbiome -- 5. Challenges and Future Avenues -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 3: The Roles of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Regulation of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Innate Immunity -- 1. A Brief Introduction to Gastrointestinal Antimicrobial Peptides -- 2. The Utility of AMPs as IBD Biomarkers -- 3. Bacterial-Derived Substances Activate Innate Mucosal Immunity Via Cathelicidin Expression -- 4. The Roles of AMPs in Gastrointestinal Infection and Inflammation -- 5. The Roles of AMPs in Obesity, Liver Steatosis, and Metabolic Syndromes -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 4: Cathelicidin in Gastrointestinal Disorders -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Distribution and Functions of Cathelicidin in the GI Tract. , 2.1. The Distribution of Cathelicidin in the GI Tract -- 2.2. The Functions of Cathelicidin in the GI Tract -- 2.2.1. Mechanism of Antimicrobial Action -- 2.2.2. Preventing Lipopolysaccharide (Lps)-Induced Inflammation -- 2.2.3. Modulatory Influences in Inflammation -- 2.2.4. Clearance of Active Inflammatory Mediators -- 2.3. Cathelicidin and Wound Healing -- 2.3.1. Angiogenic Influences -- 2.3.2. Mitogenic and Promigratory Influences -- 3. The Role of Cathelicidin in H. pylori Infection, Gastric Cancer, and Mucosal Repair in the Stomach -- 3.1. Cathelicidin and H. pylori Infection -- 3.2. Cathelicidin and Gastric Cancer -- 3.3. Cathelicidin and Wound Repair in the Stomach -- 4. The Role of Cathelicidin in Ulcerative Colitis and Colon Cancer -- 4.1. General Introduction to Ulcerative Colitis -- 4.2. Intestinal Microbiota and Ulcerative Colitis -- 4.3. Cathelicidin and Ulcerative Colitis -- 4.4. Cathelicidin and Colon Cancer -- 5. Final Conclusion Using Cathelicidin as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for GI Disorders -- References -- Chapter 5: Antimicrobial Peptides as Potential Therapy for Gastrointestinal Cancers: Opportunities and Challenges -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Structure and Classification of Human AMPs -- 3. Expression of Cathelicidin and Defensins in GI Cancer -- 3.1. LL-37 -- 3.2. Beta Defensins -- 3.3. Alpha Defensins HNP 1-3 -- 3.4. Alpha Defensins HD5, HD6 -- 4. The Roles of Cathelicidin (LL-37) and Defensins in Tumorigenesis -- 4.1. In Vitro Studies -- 4.1.1. Cathelicidin -- Cathelicidin and GI Cancer -- Cathelicidin and Other Cancers -- 4.1.2. Defensins and Cancer Cells -- 4.2. In Vivo Studies -- 4.2.1. In Vivo Studies of LL-37 -- LL-37 in GI Cancer -- LL-37 in Other Cancers -- 4.2.2. In Vivo Study of Defensins -- 5. Mechanisms of Antitumor Activity of Cathelicidin and Human Defensins -- 5.1. Cell Membrane Lysis. , 5.2. Mitochondrial Membrane Depolarization and DNA Fragmentation -- 5.3. Apoptosis and Autophagy -- 5.4. Regulation of MicroRNA -- 5.5. Alteration of Tumor Cell Metabolic Profile -- 5.6. Activation of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) -- 5.7. Inhibition of Cancer Cell Migration -- 5.8. Regulation of Gene Transcription -- 5.9. Regulation of Host Immune System (Indirect Antitumor Activity) -- 6. The Potential for AMPs in Anticancer Therapy: Opportunities and Challenges -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: AMPs and Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Action -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Common Structural Features of AMPs -- 3. Overview and Localization -- 3.1. Paneth Cells as AMP Factory -- 3.1.1. Enteric α-Defensins -- 3.1.2. Lysozyme -- 3.1.3. Phosholipase A2 -- 3.1.4. REG3α -- 3.1.5. Intelectin-1 -- 3.2. AMPs From Enterocytes and Colonocytes -- 3.2.1. Human β-Defensins -- 3.2.2. Cathelicidins (LL37) -- 3.2.3. Lipocalin-2 -- 3.3. AMPs From Immune Cells -- 3.4. AMPs From Microbiota -- 4. Mechanisms of Microbial Killing -- 4.1. Bacterial Membrane Permeabilization -- 4.1.1. Timing in Bacterial Membrane Permeabilization -- 4.1.2. Specific Steps in AMPs-Membrane Interaction -- 4.1.2.1. Attraction -- 4.1.2.2. Attachment -- 4.1.2.3. Peptide-Insertion -- 4.2. Enzymatic Attack on Bacterial Wall Structures -- 4.2.1. Lysozyme -- 4.2.2. Secretory Phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) -- 4.3. Lectins as Bacterial Killers -- 4.3.1. REG3α -- 4.3.2. Human Intelectin-1 -- 4.4. Interference at Intracellular Level -- 4.4.1. Bacterial Cell Filamentation -- 4.4.2. Inhibition DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis -- 4.4.3. Inhibition of Cell Wall Synthesis -- 4.5. Bacterial Trapping by Nanonets -- 4.6. AMPs Exploiting Multiple Antimicrobial Strategies -- 4.6.1. α-Defensin 5 -- 4.6.2. Cathelicidins (LL37) -- 4.6.3. Bacteriocines -- 5. Influence of the Physiological Milieu. , 6. Antimicrobial Peptides as Potential Therapeutic Agents -- 6.1. HD5 vs Salmonella typhimurium -- 6.2. HD5 and HNP-1 vs Clostridium difficile -- 6.3. REG3γ vs L. monocytogenes and E. faecalis -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7: Host Defense Peptides as Innate Immunomodulators in the Pathogenesis of Colitis -- 1. Background -- 2. Host Defense Peptides -- 2.1. HDPs in Infectious Colitis -- 2.2. HDPs in IBDs -- 3. Mechanisms Used by Host Defense Peptides During Colitis -- 3.1. Antibacterial Role of HDPs in the Intestine -- 3.2. Immunomodulatory Role of HDPs in Colitis -- 3.2.1. Proinflammatory Chemoattraction and Cell Activation Effects of HDPs -- 3.2.2. Antiinflammatory Effects of HDPs -- 3.3. Interactions Between HDPs and Pattern Recognition Receptors -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Conclusion -- Index -- Back Cover.

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (188 pages)

ISBN: 0-12-814320-7 , 0-12-814319-3

Note: Includes index. , Front Cover -- Antimicrobial Peptides in Gastrointestinal Diseases -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- General Introduction of Antimicrobial Peptides and Gastrointestinal Diseases -- Chapter 1: Regulation of Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides Expression in the Digestive Tract -- 1. Digestive Tract Microbiome as a Factor Regulating Expression of Cationic Antibacterial Peptides -- 2. Factors Regulating Expression of AMPs and Molecular Mechanisms Governing This Process -- 3. Regulation of AMPs Expression in Autoimmune Disorders Associated With the Gastrointestinal Tract -- 4. Stimulated Expression of AMPs in the Digestive Tract as a Potential New Method for Infection Treatment: A Great Altern ... -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2: Antimicrobial Peptides in the Host-Microbiota Homeostasis -- 1. Background -- 2. Characteristic of Microbiota -- 2.1. Composition in the Skin Microbiome -- 2.2. Composition in the Respiratory Tract Microbiome -- 2.3. Composition in the Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiome -- 3. Biological Function of Antimicrobial Peptides -- 4. Antimicrobial Peptide as a Targeted Modulator on Human Microbiome -- 5. Challenges and Future Avenues -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 3: The Roles of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Regulation of Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Innate Immunity -- 1. A Brief Introduction to Gastrointestinal Antimicrobial Peptides -- 2. The Utility of AMPs as IBD Biomarkers -- 3. Bacterial-Derived Substances Activate Innate Mucosal Immunity Via Cathelicidin Expression -- 4. The Roles of AMPs in Gastrointestinal Infection and Inflammation -- 5. The Roles of AMPs in Obesity, Liver Steatosis, and Metabolic Syndromes -- 6. Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 4: Cathelicidin in Gastrointestinal Disorders -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Distribution and Functions of Cathelicidin in the GI Tract. , 2.1. The Distribution of Cathelicidin in the GI Tract -- 2.2. The Functions of Cathelicidin in the GI Tract -- 2.2.1. Mechanism of Antimicrobial Action -- 2.2.2. Preventing Lipopolysaccharide (Lps)-Induced Inflammation -- 2.2.3. Modulatory Influences in Inflammation -- 2.2.4. Clearance of Active Inflammatory Mediators -- 2.3. Cathelicidin and Wound Healing -- 2.3.1. Angiogenic Influences -- 2.3.2. Mitogenic and Promigratory Influences -- 3. The Role of Cathelicidin in H. pylori Infection, Gastric Cancer, and Mucosal Repair in the Stomach -- 3.1. Cathelicidin and H. pylori Infection -- 3.2. Cathelicidin and Gastric Cancer -- 3.3. Cathelicidin and Wound Repair in the Stomach -- 4. The Role of Cathelicidin in Ulcerative Colitis and Colon Cancer -- 4.1. General Introduction to Ulcerative Colitis -- 4.2. Intestinal Microbiota and Ulcerative Colitis -- 4.3. Cathelicidin and Ulcerative Colitis -- 4.4. Cathelicidin and Colon Cancer -- 5. Final Conclusion Using Cathelicidin as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for GI Disorders -- References -- Chapter 5: Antimicrobial Peptides as Potential Therapy for Gastrointestinal Cancers: Opportunities and Challenges -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Structure and Classification of Human AMPs -- 3. Expression of Cathelicidin and Defensins in GI Cancer -- 3.1. LL-37 -- 3.2. Beta Defensins -- 3.3. Alpha Defensins HNP 1-3 -- 3.4. Alpha Defensins HD5, HD6 -- 4. The Roles of Cathelicidin (LL-37) and Defensins in Tumorigenesis -- 4.1. In Vitro Studies -- 4.1.1. Cathelicidin -- Cathelicidin and GI Cancer -- Cathelicidin and Other Cancers -- 4.1.2. Defensins and Cancer Cells -- 4.2. In Vivo Studies -- 4.2.1. In Vivo Studies of LL-37 -- LL-37 in GI Cancer -- LL-37 in Other Cancers -- 4.2.2. In Vivo Study of Defensins -- 5. Mechanisms of Antitumor Activity of Cathelicidin and Human Defensins -- 5.1. Cell Membrane Lysis. , 5.2. Mitochondrial Membrane Depolarization and DNA Fragmentation -- 5.3. Apoptosis and Autophagy -- 5.4. Regulation of MicroRNA -- 5.5. Alteration of Tumor Cell Metabolic Profile -- 5.6. Activation of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) -- 5.7. Inhibition of Cancer Cell Migration -- 5.8. Regulation of Gene Transcription -- 5.9. Regulation of Host Immune System (Indirect Antitumor Activity) -- 6. The Potential for AMPs in Anticancer Therapy: Opportunities and Challenges -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: AMPs and Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Action -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Common Structural Features of AMPs -- 3. Overview and Localization -- 3.1. Paneth Cells as AMP Factory -- 3.1.1. Enteric α-Defensins -- 3.1.2. Lysozyme -- 3.1.3. Phosholipase A2 -- 3.1.4. REG3α -- 3.1.5. Intelectin-1 -- 3.2. AMPs From Enterocytes and Colonocytes -- 3.2.1. Human β-Defensins -- 3.2.2. Cathelicidins (LL37) -- 3.2.3. Lipocalin-2 -- 3.3. AMPs From Immune Cells -- 3.4. AMPs From Microbiota -- 4. Mechanisms of Microbial Killing -- 4.1. Bacterial Membrane Permeabilization -- 4.1.1. Timing in Bacterial Membrane Permeabilization -- 4.1.2. Specific Steps in AMPs-Membrane Interaction -- 4.1.2.1. Attraction -- 4.1.2.2. Attachment -- 4.1.2.3. Peptide-Insertion -- 4.2. Enzymatic Attack on Bacterial Wall Structures -- 4.2.1. Lysozyme -- 4.2.2. Secretory Phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) -- 4.3. Lectins as Bacterial Killers -- 4.3.1. REG3α -- 4.3.2. Human Intelectin-1 -- 4.4. Interference at Intracellular Level -- 4.4.1. Bacterial Cell Filamentation -- 4.4.2. Inhibition DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis -- 4.4.3. Inhibition of Cell Wall Synthesis -- 4.5. Bacterial Trapping by Nanonets -- 4.6. AMPs Exploiting Multiple Antimicrobial Strategies -- 4.6.1. α-Defensin 5 -- 4.6.2. Cathelicidins (LL37) -- 4.6.3. Bacteriocines -- 5. Influence of the Physiological Milieu. , 6. Antimicrobial Peptides as Potential Therapeutic Agents -- 6.1. HD5 vs Salmonella typhimurium -- 6.2. HD5 and HNP-1 vs Clostridium difficile -- 6.3. REG3γ vs L. monocytogenes and E. faecalis -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7: Host Defense Peptides as Innate Immunomodulators in the Pathogenesis of Colitis -- 1. Background -- 2. Host Defense Peptides -- 2.1. HDPs in Infectious Colitis -- 2.2. HDPs in IBDs -- 3. Mechanisms Used by Host Defense Peptides During Colitis -- 3.1. Antibacterial Role of HDPs in the Intestine -- 3.2. Immunomodulatory Role of HDPs in Colitis -- 3.2.1. Proinflammatory Chemoattraction and Cell Activation Effects of HDPs -- 3.2.2. Antiinflammatory Effects of HDPs -- 3.3. Interactions Between HDPs and Pattern Recognition Receptors -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Conclusion -- Index -- Back Cover.

Language: English

UID:

Format: 1 online resource (378 p.)

Edition: 1st ed.

ISBN: 1-283-63593-3 , 981-4343-60-9

Content: Inflammation and cancer are two major disorders that cause huge concerns in our society. However, what one may not know is that both diseases are closely associated and, in particular, both occur in the gastrointestinal tract and liver. This book describes the mechanics of how inflammation can progress to cancer in these organs. The authors in this book comprehensively discuss the different biomarkers for early diagnosis, and current therapeutic treatments for these diseases. All of these would allow us to better understand the pathogenesis of both diseases. As such, this book provides compreh

Note: Description based upon print version of record. , About the Editors; Foreword; List of Main Contributors; Contents; Section I Inflammation and Cancer; Chapter 1 General Introduction Chung Wah Wu and Jun Yu; Introduction; How inflammation and cancer are linked; Inflammation conditions that are linked to specific GI cancers; Bowel cancer; Barrett's esophagus and esophageal cancer; Viral infections and hepatocellular carcinomas; H. pylori infection and gastric cancer; Conclusion; References; Chapter 2 General Mechanisms of Inflammation Liwei Lu and Min Yang; Categories of inflammation; Inflammatory process; Initiation of inflammation , Influx of leukocytesEffector mechanisms; Termination of inflammation and tissue repair; Regulatory mechanisms of inflammation; Conclusion; References; Chapter 3 Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Inflammation-Related Cancers - General Mechanisms of Cancers Yasuyuki Okamoto and Yutaka Kondo; Introduction; Signaling pathways; NF- κB; STAT3; RAS; TNF- α; TAM; Genetic instability; Epigenetic alterations; DNA methylation; Histone modifications; Perspectives; References; Chapter 4 From Inflammation to Cancer: The Molecular Basis Hongchuan Jin; Inflammation and cancer: a brief overview of history , Current model of tumorigenesis: interplay between tumor stem cells and tumor-permissive microenvironmentTumor microenvironment; Non-tumor cells in tumor microenvironment; Cancer-associated fibroblast (CAFs); Immune cells; Bioactive factors in tumor microenvironment; Chemokines; Growth factors; MMPs and TIMPs (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases); Other cytokines; Intracellular signaling pathways; NF- κB (nuclear factor κlight chain polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells) pathway; STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) pathway; Conclusions; References , Section II Models of Chronic Inflammation-Induced Cancers and Their TreatmentsChapter 5 Advances in the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastric Cancer Guy D. Eslick; Introduction; Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection; Guidelines for the treatment of H. pylori; Alternative therapies for H. pylori infection; Treatment of gastric cancer; Future directions in gastric cancer treatment; Prevention of gastric cancer by treating H. pylori infection; Conclusions; Acknowledgments; Dedication; References , Chapter 6 Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer and Their Treatment Crispin Corte and Rupert WL LeongIntroduction; Epidemiology; Pathological characteristics; Risk of dysplasia; Colitis CRC surveillance guidelines; 1. Timing of commencement of surveillance; 2. Surveillance interval; 3. Techniques in surveillance for CRC; Dye-spray chromoendoscopy; Narrow band imaging; Fluorescence imaging; Confocal endomicroscopy; Management of dysplasia; 1. Endoscopic management of dysplasia; 1.1. Visualised lesions; 1.2. Flat lesions; 2. Chemoprophylaxis; 2.1. 5-Aminosalicylatic acid , 2.2. Ursodeoxycholic acid , English

Additional Edition: ISBN 981-4343-59-5

Language: English