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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Medium-Term Business Cycles in Developing Countries (2009)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048264588
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p)
    Content: Empirical evidence - including the current global crisis - suggests that shocks from advanced countries often have a disproportionate effect on developing economies. Can this account for the fact that aggregate fluctuations are larger and more persistent in the latter than in the former economies? And what are the mechanisms at play? This paper addresses these questions using a model of an industrial and a developing economy trading goods and assets, with (i) a product cycle shaping the range of intermediate goods used to produce new capital in each country, and (ii) investment adjustment costs in the developing economy. Innovation by the advanced economy results in new intermediate goods, at first produced at home, and eventually transferred to the developing economy through direct investment. The pace of innovation and technology transfer is driven by profitability. This process of technology diffusion creates a medium-term connection between both economies, over and above the short-term link through trade. Calibration of the model to match Mexico-United States trade and foreign direct investment flows shows that this mechanism can explain why shocks to the United States economy have a larger effect on Mexico than on the United States itself, and hence why Mexico shows higher volatility than the United States; why business cycles in the United States lead to medium-term fluctuations in Mexico; and why consumption is not less volatile than output in Mexico
    Additional Edition: Comin, Diego Medium-Term Business Cycles in Developing Countries
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-5146
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Firm-Level Technology Adoption in the State of Ceara in Brazil (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049081813
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (53 Seiten)
    Content: This paper uses a novel approach to measure technology adoption at the firm level and applies it to a representative sample of firms in the state of Ceara in Brazil. The paper develops a new measure of technology adoption at the firm level, which identifies the purpose for which technologies are used and the intensive and extensive uses. The survey allows for establishing several new stylized facts for Ceara. First, most firms still rely on pre-digital technologies to perform general business functions, such as business administration, marketing, sales and payments, or quality control. Second, these technology gaps are larger in smaller firms, in the manufacturing sector, with large gaps when it comes to Industry 3.0 and digitalization, and especially large in Industry 4.0 technologies. The paper also presents some evidence that the main challenge to accelerate technology adoption is lack of firm capabilities. Despite the availability of technology extension services in the state, firms are still unaware of the availability of support and unwilling to upgrade technologies
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9568
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9568
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Firm-Level Technology Adoption in Vietnam (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049081814
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (58 Seiten)
    Content: This paper describes the results of a new firm survey to measure technology use and adoption implemented prior to the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam. It analyzes the use and adoption of technology among Vietnamese firms and identifies some of the key barriers to adoption and diffusion. The analysis offers new and important stylized facts on firm-level use of technologies. First, although access to the internet is almost universal in Vietnam, firms had low digital readiness to face the COVID-19 pandemic; and the share of establishments with their own website, social media, and cloud computing is still small. Second, the use of Industry 4.0 technologies is incipient. Third, the technology gap with the use of frontier technologies in some general business functions, such as quality control, production planning, sales, and sourcing and procurement, is large. Fourth, the manufacturing sector faces the largest technological gap, larger than services and agricultural firms. The analysis of the main barriers and drivers to technology adoption and use shows the importance of good management quality for technology adoption, and that there is a technology premium associated with exporting activities. Finally, the analysis also shows that firms are largely unaware of the available public policy support for technology upgrading
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9567
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9567
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Firm-Level Adoption of Technologies in Senegal (2021)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049081624
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (55 Seiten)
    Content: Technology is key to boost productivity and generate more and better quality jobs in Senegal. This paper uses a novel approach to measure technology adoption at the firm level and applies it to a representative sample of firms in Senegal. It provides new measures of technology adoption at the firm level, which identify the purposes for which technologies are used and analyzes some of the key barriers to improving technology adoption at the firm level in Senegal. First, the adoption of general-purpose information and communications technologies, such as computers, the internet, and cloud computing for business purpose, is low but very heterogeneous and positively associated with size and formal status. Second, most firms still rely on pre-digital technologies to perform general business functions, such as business administration, production planning, supply chain management, marketing, sales, and payment. Third, most firms, including large and formal firms, still rely on manual methods or manually operated machines to perform critical pro duction tasks that are sector specific, such as harvesting in agriculture or packaging in food processing. The paper presents evidence of three main challenges to improve technology adoption: access to finance, information, and knowledge (firm capabilities), and access to markets and competition
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9657
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9657
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bridging the Technological Divide : Technology Adoption by Firms in Developing Countries (2022)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049080150
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (240 Seiten)
    Content: Many of the main problems facing developing countries today and tomorrow--growth, poverty reduction, inequality, food insecurity, job creation, recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, and adjustment to climate change--hinge on adopting better technology, a key driver of economic development. Access to technology is not enough: firms have to adopt it. Yet it is precisely the uptake of technology that is lagging in many firms in developing countries. Bridging the Technological Divide: Technology Adoption by Firms in Developing Countries helps open the "black box" of technology adoption by firms. The seventh volume in the World Bank Productivity Project series, it will further both research and policy that can be used to support technology adoption by firms in developing countries
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 9781464808264
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1826-4
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Technology and Resilience (2022)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049080592
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (40 Seiten)
    Content: This paper estimates the impact of technology sophistication pre-COVID-19 on the performance of firms during the early stages of the pandemic. It exploits a unique data set covering firms from Brazil, Senegal, and Vietnam, using a treatment effect mediation framework to decompose the results into direct and indirect effects. Increasing pre-pandemic technology sophistication by one standard deviation is associated with 3.8 percentage points higher sales. Both effects are positive, but the direct effect is about five times larger than the indirect effect. The total effect on sales is markedly nonlinear with significantly smaller estimates of the reduction in sales for firms with more sophisticated pre-pandemic technology. The results are robust to different measures of digital responses and matching estimators
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9949
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9949
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Technology within and across firms (2020)
    [Washington, DC, USA] : World Bank Group, Finance, Competitiveness and Innovation Global Practice
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1749496488
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 109 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 9476
    Content: This study collects data on the sophistication of technologies used at the business function level for a representative sample of firms in Vietnam, Senegal, and the Brazilian state of Ceara. The analysis finds a large variance in technology sophistication across the business functions of a firm. The within-firm variance in technology sophistication is greater than the variance in sophistication across firms, which in turn is greater than the variance in sophistication across regions or countries. The paper documents a stable cross-firm relationship between technology at the business function and firm levels, which it calls the technology curve. Significant heterogeneity is uncovered in the slopes of the technology curves across business functions, a finding that is consistent with non-homotheticities in firm-level technology aggregators. Firm productivity is positively associated with the within-firm variance and the average level of technology sophistication. Development accounting exercises show that cross-firm variation in technology accounts for one-third of cross-firm differences in productivity and one-fifth of the agricultural versus non-agricultural gap in cross-country differences in firm productivity
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Cirera, Xavier Technology within and across Firms Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2020
    Language: English
    Keywords: Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9476
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    Author information: Comin, Diego 1973-
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Exporting and Technology Adoption in Brazil (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1853210358
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (22 pages)
    Content: There is limited evidence on the role of participating in international trade in the diffusion of technologies. This paper analyzes the impact of exporting on firms' adoption of more sophisticated technologies, using a novel dataset, the Firm-level Adoption of Technology survey, which includes more than 1,500 firms in Brazil. The survey provides detailed information on the use of more than 300 technologies, combined with data from Brazil's census of formal workers and export data from the Ministry of Trade. To address critical endogeneity concerns, the analysis applies difference-in-differences with multiple periods to examine the effects of entering export markets on technology adoption. The findings show that exporting has a positive effect on firms' likelihood of adopting advanced technologies in business functions related to business administration, production planning, supply chain management, and quality control, which are important for managing tasks associated with export activities
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Cirera, Xavier Exporting and Technology Adoption in Brazil Washington, D.C. : The World Bank, 2023
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-10454
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bridging the technological divide : technology adoption by firms in developing countries (2022)
    Washington DC : World Bank Publications
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048480533
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    ISBN: 9781464818592
    Content: Front Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- The Imperative of Technology in Developing Countries -- The Technological Divide -- Road Map to the Volume -- Contributions to the Literature -- Main Messages from the Volume -- Notes -- References -- Part 1 Measuring the Technological Divide -- 1. A New Approach to Measure Technology Adoption by Firms -- Introduction -- Measuring Adoption and Use of Technology by Firms -- Opening the Black Box: The Firm-level Adoption of Technology (FAT) Survey -- The Data Used in This Volume -- Using the FAT Data to Understand Some of the Limitations of Standard Measures of Technology -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- 2. Facts about Technology Adoption and Use in Developing Countries -- Introduction -- Cross-Country Technology Facts -- Cross-Firm Technology Facts -- Other Technology Facts -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- 3. Adoption of Sector-Specific Technologies -- Introduction -- Technology Differences across and within Sectors -- Technology Upgrading and the Limits to Leapfrogging -- Specialization, Technology, and Outsourcing -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- Part 2 The Implications of the Technological Divide for Long-Term Economic Growth -- 4. Technology Sophistication, Productivity, and Employment -- Introduction -- Technology and Firm-Level Productivity -- Technology Adoption and Employment -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- 5. Digital Technologies and Resilience to Shocks -- Introduction -- Digital Technologies -- Technology and Resilience -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- Part 3 What Countries Can Do to Bridge the Technological Divide -- 6. What Constrains Firms from Adopting Better Technologies? -- Introduction -- Firm-Level Determinants of Adoption.
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe ISBN 978-1-4648-1826-4
    Language: English
    Author information: Comin, Diego 1973-
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Technology within and across Firms (2020)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV048274915
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (109 Seiten)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Content: This study collects data on the sophistication of technologies used at the business function level for a representative sample of firms in Vietnam, Senegal, and the Brazilian state of Ceara. The analysis finds a large variance in technology sophistication across the business functions of a firm. The within-firm variance in technology sophistication is greater than the variance in sophistication across firms, which in turn is greater than the variance in sophistication across regions or countries. The paper documents a stable cross-firm relationship between technology at the business function and firm levels, which it calls the technology curve. Significant heterogeneity is uncovered in the slopes of the technology curves across business functions, a finding that is consistent with non-homotheticities in firm-level technology aggregators. Firm productivity is positively associated with the within-firm variance and the average level of technology sophistication. Development accounting exercises show that cross-firm variation in technology accounts for one-third of cross-firm differences in productivity and one-fifth of the agricultural versus non-agricultural gap in cross-country differences in firm productivity
    Additional Edition: Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Cirera, Xavier Technology within and across Firms Washington, D.C : The World Bank, 2020
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9476
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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