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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Robots and Export Quality / (2021)
    Washington, D.C. :The World Bank,
    Details
    UID:
    almafu_9960054843802883
    Format: 1 online resource (55 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: Robots are rapidly becoming a key part of manufacturing in developed and emerging economies. This paper examines a new channel for how automation can affect international trade: quality upgrading. Automation can reduce production errors, particularly of repetitive processes, leading to higher quality products. The effects of robot use on export quality are estimated, by combining cross-country and cross-industry data on industrial robots with detailed Harmonized System 10-digit trade data. Robot diffusion in (preexisting) foreign customers is used as an instrumental variable to predict robot adoption in the home country-industry. The findings show that robot diffusion leads to increases in the quality of exported products. Quality improvements are predominantly driven by the upgrading of developing country exports; and within countries, quality improvements are driven by upgrading of (initially) lower-quality exports of developed and developing countries. The paper also finds some differences in the type of robots-sophisticated or more basic-associated with quality gains in developing and developed economies.
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9678
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    Online Resource
    Fulltext
    FU Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    Charité
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Industrial robotics and product(ion) quality (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047933825
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (37 Seiten)
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
    Content: The following report examines the importance of industrial robotics as a driver of production and trade quality. In an attempt to peer below the aggregate surface of traditional industrial GVC indicators, the paper relies on 6 digit product level trade data to assess the extent to which industrial robotics influence the quality of exported and imported goods for developed and emerging economies over the last two decades. The results demonstrate that robotics contribute to increasing quality of exports however the effect is somewhat nuanced between high income and emerging economies. For high-income countries the diffusion of robots is linked with an increase in within product quality, however for emerging economies quality gains appear to be somewhat more pronounced between products. At the same time, robotics appear to have little or no effect on import quality or on the concentration of exports and products for either type of economy
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/0176c74c-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    Online Access
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    FU Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Capital incentive policies in the age of cloud computing : An empirical case study (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047936741
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (44 Seiten)
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers
    Content: This paper assesses whether current policy environments are appropriate for the emergence of cloud computing technology. In particular, this research uses firm level data for Germany and the United Kingdom to examine the impact of capital incentive programmes (a common policy present in most OECD countries) on cloud adoption. The design for many of these policies target investments in physical capital while excluding digital services like the cloud. Firms view digital investments and digital services as substitutes, therefore narrowly defined incentive programmes may actually discourage the use of emerging tools like cloud computing, which are found to enable the growth and performance of young entrants. Overall, the results find that while capital incentive policies encourage firm investments in ICT and other forms of capital, they actually reduce the probability of cloud adoption. Policy makers may therefore need to reconsider the design of capital incentive programmes within their jurisdictions
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/4bedeb36-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    FU Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The evaluation of the Italian "Start-up Act (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047935891
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (89 Seiten)
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers
    Content: The report provides an independent and comprehensive evaluation of the economic and social impact of the Italian policy framework for innovative start-ups, also known as the "Start-up Act", first introduced by the Decree-law 179 in 2012. The policy aims at creating a more favourable environment for small innovative start-ups through a number of complementary instruments, including "fast-track" and zero cost incorporation, simplified insolvency procedures, tax incentives for equity investments, and a public guarantee scheme for bank credit. While the report focuses only on Italy, the "Start-up Act" can be seen as a very useful "laboratory" to inform policies for innovative entrepreneurship across OECD member countries. The evaluation highlights that the impact of the policy on beneficiary firms has been positive overall, but that complementary policy actions in other areas are required in order to further realise the full potential of Italian innovative start-ups
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/02ab0eb7-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    FU Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The evaluation of the Italian “Start-up Act” (2018)
    [Paris] : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1066759421
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 89 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 54 (September 2018)
    Content: The report provides an independent and comprehensive evaluation of the economic and social impact of the Italian policy framework for innovative start-ups, also known as the “Start-up Act”, first introduced by the Decree-law 179 in 2012. The policy aims at creating a more favourable environment for small innovative start-ups through a number of complementary instruments, including “fast-track” and zero cost incorporation, simplified insolvency procedures, tax incentives for equity investments, and a public guarantee scheme for bank credit. While the report focuses only on Italy, the “Start-up Act” can be seen as a very useful “laboratory” to inform policies for innovative entrepreneurship across OECD member countries. The evaluation highlights that the impact of the policy on beneficiary firms has been positive overall, but that complementary policy actions in other areas are required in order to further realise the full potential of Italian innovative start-ups.
    Language: English
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1787/02ab0eb7-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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    Online Resource
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Industrial robotics and the global organisation of production (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1019426403
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers 2018, 03
    Content: Increased robot use, fuelled by price declines and the increased dexterity of these machines, is expected to affect existing/future production technologies and the organisation of production within GVCs. In order to safeguard their competitiveness in an increasingly digitalised global economy, governments across OECD and emerging economies are implementing a range of policy measures/programmes to support the investment in and use of robotics. This paper assesses the extent to which robotics impact the organisation of production through offshoring and backshoring. The results indicate that the use of industrial robots in developed economies appears to be slowing the offshoring rates, although it is not yet prompting firms to bring jobs back home. However, the effect is very recent, especially in labour-intensive sectors, and not yet apparent in developing countries. The findings suggest the rate of global value chain expansion may be slower than in the past.
    Language: English
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1787/dd98ff58-en
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Industrial robotics and product(ion) quality (2019)
    Paris, France : OECD
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1686257716
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry working papers 2019, 07
    Content: The following report examines the importance of industrial robotics as a driver of production and trade quality. In an attempt to peer below the aggregate surface of traditional industrial GVC indicators, the paper relies on 6 digit product level trade data to assess the extent to which industrial robotics influence the quality of exported and imported goods for developed and emerging economies over the last two decades. The results demonstrate that robotics contribute to increasing quality of exports however the effect is somewhat nuanced between high income and emerging economies. For high-income countries the diffusion of robots is linked with an increase in within product quality, however for emerging economies quality gains appear to be somewhat more pronounced between products. At the same time, robotics appear to have little or no effect on import quality or on the concentration of exports and products for either type of economy.
    Language: English
    Keywords: Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    DOI: 10.1787/0176c74c-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    La valutazione dello “Startup Act” italiano (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1747667544
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Content: Il presente rapporto fornisce una valutazione indipendente e approfondita dell’impatto economico e sociale del quadro d’intervento italiano per le imprese startup innovative, noto anche come “Startup Act”, introdotto inizialmente dal Decreto-legge 179 del 2012. La policy mira a creare un ambiente più favorevole alle piccole startup innovative attraverso una serie di strumenti complementari, tra cui figurano una modalità di costituzione rapida e gratuita, una procedura di fallimento semplificata, incentivi fiscali per gli investimenti in equity e un sistema pubblico di garanzia per l’accesso al credito bancario. Sebbene il rapporto si concentri unicamente sull’Italia, lo “Startup Act” può essere considerato come un “laboratorio” di grande utilità per l’elaborazione di policy a sostegno dell’imprenditorialità innovativa in tutti i Paesi membri dell’OCSE. La valutazione sottolinea che l’impatto dello “Startup Act” sulle imprese beneficiarie è stato complessivamente positivo, ma che sono necessarie azioni complementari in altre aree di policy per realizzare appieno il potenziale delle startup innovative italiane.
    Additional Edition: Parallele Sprachausgabe The evaluation of the Italian “Start-up Act”
    Language: Italian
    DOI: 10.1787/be8b4d7a-it
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Structural adjustment and changes to employment use in Japan (2020)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    gbv_1747664863
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (43 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2020/08
    Content: This paper examines the determinants of structural adjustment in Japan and identifies several factors that explain the use of certain employment types. Its findings are based on a novel plant-level dataset that provides considerable detail on the types of employees used by Japanese manufacturers between 2001 and 2014. Analysis of this dataset shows that growth in the diffusion of robotics is linked to fewer non-regular employees, which seems to be partially driven by the positive association between robot adoption and the dismissal of certain types of non-regular workers. It also finds that offshoring from Japan to other countries contributes to the use of both regular and non-regular workers, while higher plant productivity is related to the use of more regular workers. Finally, establishments that experienced job dismissals appear to substitute non-regular workers for regular workers.
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1787/f58e9301-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    Stabi Berlin
    UB Potsdam
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    La valutazione dello "Startup Act" italiano (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV047934923
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (88 Seiten)
    Content: Il presente rapporto fornisce una valutazione indipendente e approfondita dell'impatto economico e sociale del quadro d'intervento italiano per le imprese startup innovative, noto anche come "Startup Act", introdotto inizialmente dal Decreto-legge 179 del 2012. La policy mira a creare un ambiente più favorevole alle piccole startup innovative attraverso una serie di strumenti complementari, tra cui figurano una modalità di costituzione rapida e gratuita, una procedura di fallimento semplificata, incentivi fiscali per gli investimenti in equity e un sistema pubblico di garanzia per l'accesso al credito bancario. Sebbene il rapporto si concentri unicamente sull'Italia, lo "Startup Act" può essere considerato come un "laboratorio" di grande utilità per l'elaborazione di policy a sostegno dell'imprenditorialità innovativa in tutti i Paesi membri dell'OCSE. La valutazione sottolinea che l'impatto dello "Startup Act" sulle imprese beneficiarie è stato complessivamente positivo, ma che sono necessarie azioni complementari in altre aree di policy per realizzare appieno il potenziale delle startup innovative italiane
    Language: Italian
    DOI: 10.1787/be8b4d7a-it
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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    FU Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
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