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  • 1
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    Sexual activity and satisfaction in older adult dyads : the role of perceptions of aging (2023)
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    UID:
    gbv_1860069479
    ISSN: 1758-5341
    Content: This study assessed the associations between perceptions of aging (POA) and sexual frequency and satisfaction in older adult dyads.
    In: The gerontologist, Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press, 1961, 63(2023), 2, Seite 251-260, 1758-5341
    In: volume:63
    In: year:2023
    In: number:2
    In: pages:251-260
    Language: English
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Author information: Drewelies, Johanna
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  • 2
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    Adults older than age 55 engage in less diverse activities than those 18 years ago (2023)
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    UID:
    gbv_1859226701
    ISSN: 1758-5368
    Content: Abstract: Life-span perspectives have long acknowledged that individual functioning is shaped by historical and sociocultural contexts. Secular increases favoring recent cohorts are widely documented. However, little is known about secular trends in day-to-day activities and whether historical changes have occurred in younger and older adults alike.
    In: The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences, social sciences, Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press, 1995, 78(2023), 9, Seite 1511–1520, 1758-5368
    In: volume:78
    In: year:2023
    In: number:9
    In: pages:1511–1520
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbad047
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
    Author information: Drewelies, Johanna
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  • 3
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    No Evidence for a Boost in Psychosocial Functioning in Older Age After a 6-Months Physical Exercise Intervention (2022)
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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    UID:
    edochu_18452_25581
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (11 Seiten)
    Content: The beneficial effects of physical exercise on physical health and cognitive functioning have been repeatedly shown. However, evidence of its effect on psychosocial functioning in healthy adults is still scarce or inconclusive. One limitation of many studies examining this link is their reliance on correlational approaches or specific subpopulations, such as clinical populations. The present study investigated the effects of a physical exercise intervention on key factors of psychosocial functioning, specifically well-being, stress, loneliness, and future time perspective. We used data from healthy, previously sedentary older adults (N = 132) who participated in a 6-month at-home intervention, either engaging in aerobic exercise or as part of a control group who participated in foreign language-learning or reading of selected native-language literature. Before and after the intervention, comprehensive cardiovascular pulmonary testing and a psychosocial questionnaire were administered. The exercise group showed significantly increased fitness compared to the control group. Contrary to expectations, however, we did not find evidence for a beneficial effect of this fitness improvement on any of the four domains of psychosocial functioning we assessed. This may be due to pronounced stability of such psychological traits in older age, especially in older adults who show high levels of well-being initially. Alternatively, it may be that the well-documented beneficial effects of physical exercise on brain structure and function, as well as cognition differ markedly from beneficial effects on psychosocial functioning. While aerobic exercise may be the driving factor for the former, positive effects on the latter may only be invoked by other aspects of exercise, for example, experiences of mastery or a feeling of community.
    Content: Peer Reviewed
    In: Frontiers in human neuroscience, Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation, 16,2022
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.825454
    DOI: 10.18452/24898
    URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/25581-8
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  • 4
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    Using blood test parameters to define biological age among older adults: association with morbidity and mortality independent of chronological age validated in two separate birth cohorts (2022)
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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    UID:
    edochu_18452_28657
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    Content: Biomarkers defining biological age are typically laborious or expensive to assess. Instead, in the current study, we identified parameters based on standard laboratory blood tests across metabolic, cardiovascular, inflammatory, and kidney functioning that had been assessed in the Berlin Aging Study (BASE) (n = 384) and Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II) (n = 1517). We calculated biological age using those 12 parameters that individually predicted mortality hazards over 26 years in BASE. In BASE, older biological age was associated with more physician-observed morbidity and higher mortality hazards, over and above the effects of chronological age, sex, and education. Similarly, in BASE-II, biological age was associated with physician-observed morbidity and subjective health, over and above the effects of chronological age, sex, and education as well as alternative biomarkers including telomere length, DNA methylation age, skin age, and subjective age but not PhenoAge. We discuss the importance of biological age as one indicator of aging.
    Content: Peer Reviewed
    In: [Cham] : Springer International Publishing, 44,6, Seiten 2685-2699
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.18452/27865
    DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00662-9
    URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/28657-8
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  • 5
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    Linking Brain Age Gap to Mental and Physical Health in the Berlin Aging Study II (2022)
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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    UID:
    edochu_18452_25814
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (16 Seiten)
    Content: From a biological perspective, humans differ in the speed they age, and this may manifest in both mental and physical health disparities. The discrepancy between an individual’s biological and chronological age of the brain (“brain age gap”) can be assessed by applying machine learning techniques to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data. Here, we examined the links between brain age gap and a broad range of cognitive, affective, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and physical health variables in up to 335 adults of the Berlin Aging Study II. Brain age gap was assessed using a validated prediction model that we previously trained on MRI scans of 32,634 UK Biobank individuals. Our statistical analyses revealed overall stronger evidence for a link between higher brain age gap and less favorable health characteristics than expected under the null hypothesis of no effect, with 80% of the tested associations showing hypothesis-consistent effect directions and 23% reaching nominal significance. The most compelling support was observed for a cluster covering both cognitive performance variables (episodic memory, working memory, fluid intelligence, digit symbol substitution test) and socioeconomic variables (years of education and household income). Furthermore, we observed higher brain age gap to be associated with heavy episodic drinking, higher blood pressure, and higher blood glucose. In sum, our results point toward multifaceted links between brain age gap and human health. Understanding differences in biological brain aging may therefore have broad implications for future informed interventions to preserve mental and physical health in old age.
    Note: This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
    In: Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation, 14
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.791222
    DOI: 10.18452/25128
    URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/25814-2
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  • 6
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    Dementia care and the role of guideline adherence in primary care: cross-sectional findings from the DemTab study (2021)
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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    UID:
    edochu_18452_27087
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (12 Seiten)
    Content: Background General practitioners (GPs) play a key role in the care of people with dementia (PwD). However, the role of the German Dementia Guideline in primary care remains unclear. The main objective of the present study was to examine the role of guideline-based dementia care in general practices. Methods A cross-sectional analysis of data obtained from the DemTab study was conducted. Descriptive analyses of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics for GPs (N = 28) and PwD (N = 91) were conducted. Adherence to the German Dementia Guideline of GPs was measured at the level of PwD. Linear Mixed Models were used to analyze the associations between adherence to the German Dementia Guideline and GP factors at individual (age, years of experience as a GP, frequency of utilization of guideline, perceived usefulness of guideline) and structural (type of practice, total number of patients seen by a participating GP, and total number of PwD seen by a participating GP) levels as well as between adherence to the German Dementia Guideline and PwD’s quality of life. Results Self-reported overall adherence of GPs was on average 71% (SD = 19.4, range: 25–100). Adherence to specific recommendations varied widely (from 19.2 to 95.3%) and the majority of GPs (79.1%) reported the guideline as only partially or somewhat helpful. Further, we found lower adherence to be significantly associated with higher numbers of patients (γ10 = − 5.58, CI = − 10.97, − 0.19, p = .04). No association between adherence to the guideline and PwD’s quality of life was found (γ10 = −.86, CI = − 4.18, 2.47, p = .61). Conclusion The present study examined the role of adherence to the German Dementia Guideline recommendations in primary care. Overall, GPs reported high levels of adherence. However, major differences across guideline recommendations were found. Findings highlight the importance of guidelines for the provision of care. Dementia guidelines for GPs need to be better tailored and addressed. Further, structural changes such as more time for PwD may contribute to a sustainable change of dementia care in primary care. Trial registration The DemTab trial was prospectively registered with the ISRCTN registry (Trial registration number: ISRCTN15854413). Registered 01 April 2019.
    Content: Peer Reviewed
    In: London : BioMed Central, 21,1
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02650-8
    DOI: 10.18452/26404
    URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/27087-6
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  • 7
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    How people know their risk preference (2020)
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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    UID:
    edochu_18452_27373
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (14 Seiten)
    Content: People differ in their willingness to take risks. Recent work found that revealed preference tasks (e.g., laboratory lotteries)—a dominant class of measures—are outperformed by survey-based stated preferences, which are more stable and predict real-world risk taking across different domains. How can stated preferences, often criticised as inconsequential “cheap talk,” be more valid and predictive than controlled, incentivized lotteries? In our multimethod study, over 3,000 respondents from population samples answered a single widely used and predictive risk-preference question. Respondents then explained the reasoning behind their answer. They tended to recount diagnostic behaviours and experiences, focusing on voluntary, consequential acts and experiences from which they seemed to infer their risk preference. We found that third-party readers of respondents’ brief memories and explanations reached similar inferences about respondents’ preferences, indicating the intersubjective validity of this information. Our results help unpack the self perception behind stated risk preferences that permits people to draw upon their own understanding of what constitutes diagnostic behaviours and experiences, as revealed in high-stakes situations in the real world.
    Content: Peer Reviewed
    In: London : Nature Publishing Group, 10,1
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72077-5
    DOI: 10.18452/26686
    URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/27373-3
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  • 8
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    Cohort Differences in Psychosocial Function over 20 Years: Current Older Adults Feel Less Lonely and Less Dependent on External Circumstances (2016)
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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    UID:
    edochu_18452_21535
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (8 Seiten)
    ISSN: 0304-324X , 0304-324X
    Content: Background: Lifespan psychological and life course sociological perspectives indicate that individual development is shaped by social and historical circumstances. Increases in fluid cognitive performance over the last century are well documented and researchers have begun examining historical trends in personality and subjective well-being in old age. Relatively less is known about secular changes in other key components of psychosocial function among older adults. Objective: In the present study, we examined cohort differences in key components of psychosocial function, including subjective age, control beliefs, and perceived social integration, as indicated by loneliness and availability of very close others. Methods: We compared data obtained 20 years apart in the Berlin Aging Study (in 1990-1993) and the Berlin Aging Study II (in 2013-2014) and identified case-matched cohort groups based on age, gender, cohort-normed education, and marital or partner status (n = 153 in each cohort, mean age = 75 years). In follow-up analyses, we controlled for having lived in former East versus West Germany, physical diseases, cohort-normed household income, cognitive performance, and the presence of a religious affiliation. Results: Consistently across analyses, we found that, relative to the earlier-born BASE cohort (year of birth: mean = 1916; SD = 3.38 years; range = 1901-1922), participants in the BASE-II sample (year of birth: mean = 1939; SD = 3.22 years; range = 1925-1949) reported lower levels of external control beliefs (d = -1.01) and loneliness (d = -0.63). Cohorts did not differ in subjective age, availability of very close others, and internal control beliefs. Conclusion: Taken together, our findings suggest that some aspects of psychosocial function of older adults have improved across the two recent decades. We discuss the possible role of sociocultural factors that might have led to the observed set of cohort differences.
    Content: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
    In: Basel, Switzerland : S. Karger AG, 62,3, Seiten 354-361, 0304-324X
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1159/000438991
    DOI: 10.18452/20797
    URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21535-0
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  • 9
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    The Subjective Health Horizon Questionnaire (SHH-Q): Assessing Future Time Perspectives for Facets of an Active Lifestyle (2016)
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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    UID:
    edochu_18452_21532
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (9 Seiten)
    ISSN: 0304-324X , 0304-324X
    Content: Background: A wider subjective time horizon is assumed to be positively associated with longevity and vitality. In particular, a lifestyle with exposure to novel and varied information is considered beneficial for healthy cognitive aging. At present, measures that specifically assess individuals' perceived temporal extension to engage in active lifestyles in the future are not available. Objectives: We introduce and validate a new self-report measure, the Subjective Health Horizon Questionnaire (SHH-Q). The SHH-Q assesses individuals' future time perspectives in relation to four interrelated but distinct lifestyle dimensions: (1) novelty-oriented exploration (Novelty), (2) bodily fitness (Body), (3) work goals (Work), and (4) goals in life (Life Goals). The present study aims at: (a) validating the hypothesized factor structure of the SHH-Q, according to which the SHH-Q consists of four interrelated but distinct subscales, and (b) testing the hypothesis that the Novelty and Body subscales of the SHH-Q show positive and selective associations with markers of cognition and somatic health, respectively. Methods: Using structural equation modeling, we analyzed data from 1,371 healthy individuals (51% women) with a mean age of 70.1 years (SD = 3.6) who participated in the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II) and completed the SHH-Q. Results: As predicted, the SHH-Q formed four correlated but distinct subscales: (1) Novelty, (2) Body, (3) Work, and (4) Life Goals. Greater self-reported future novelty orientation was associated with higher current memory performance, and greater future expectations regarding bodily fitness with better current metabolic status. Conclusion: The SHH-Q reliably assesses individual differences in four distinct dimensions of future time perspective. Two of these dimensions, Novelty and Body, show differential associations with cognitive status and somatic health. The SHH-Q may serve as a tool to assess how different facets of future time perspective relate to somatic health, cognition, motivation, and affect, and may help to identify the socioeconomic and individual antecedents, correlates, and consequences of an active lifestyle.
    Content: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
    In: Basel, Switzerland : S. Karger AG, 62,3, Seiten 345-353, 0304-324X
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1159/000441493
    DOI: 10.18452/20796
    URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/21532-2
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  • 10
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    Perceived Importance and Enjoyment of Sexuality in Late Midlife: Cohort Differences in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) (2020)
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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    UID:
    edochu_18452_24720
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    Content: Introduction Age-related declines in multiple facets of sexuality in later life are well documented. However, most studies have been cross-sectional with data collected at one point in time, leaving questions about cohort differences and interrelated historical changes in physical health and psychosocial functioning unanswered. Methods We examined cohort differences in perceived importance and enjoyment of sexuality in late midlife using data from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) obtained 20 years apart, 1992–1993 (N = 718) and 2012–2013 (N = 860), from two independent samples aged 55 to 65 years (both samples: Mage ≈ 60, 52–53% women). Results Later-born adults in late midlife reported attributing slightly higher importance to sexuality than their earlier-born peers and experiencing their sex life as slightly less pleasant. Effect sizes were small at the sample level (d 〈 .15), but substantial for certain population segments. For example, historical increases in reported importance of sexuality were especially pronounced among women with no partner (d = .56). When controlling for socio-demographic, physical health, and psychosocial factors, cohort differences in perceived importance of sexuality remained significant, but those for enjoyment did not. Conclusions Late-midlife sexuality undergoes historical changes. Specifically, reported perceived importance of sexuality has increased over historical time, especially in particular population segments. Policy implications We discuss whether our findings represent historical changes in actual behavior, perception, or the willingness to report on one’s sex life.
    Content: Peer Reviewed
    In: New York : Springer New York, 18, Seiten 621-635
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.18452/24075
    DOI: 10.1007/s13178-020-00486-2
    URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/24720-3
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