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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trade policy, trade volumes, and plant-level productivity in Colombian manufacturing industries (2003)
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049075532
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3064
    Note: "May 20, 2003 , Includes bibliographical references , Title from title screen as viewed on May 21, 2003
    Additional Edition: Fernandes, Ana Margarida Trade policy, trade volumes, and plant-level productivity in Colombian manufacturing industries
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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    HWR Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    TH Brandenburg
    HTW Berlin
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Heterogeneous Impacts of SPS and TBT Regulations : Firm-Level Evidence from Deep Trade Agreements (2021)
    Washington, D.C. :The World Bank,
    Details
    UID:
    almafu_9960054842202883
    Format: 1 online resource (59 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: This paper estimates the impacts of regulating the use of sanitary and phytosanitary and technical barriers to trade measures through preferential trade agreements on exports of firms in Chile, Colombia, and Peru along the firm size spec trum. The analysis exploits novel data from the World Bank Deep Trade Agreements database and customs covering the universe of exporting firms in each country over 1996-2015. The paper uses a firm-product gravity equation with a stringent set of fixed effects and controls for the overall depth of the preferential trade agreements and product-specific bilateral tariffs. The findings show that firms' exports increase significantly in destination markets with preferential trade agreements, including a larger number of sanitary and phytosanitary and technical barriers to trade provisions, and the effect is stronger for smaller firms. Provisions for the harmonization of sanitary and phytosanitary regulations in preferential trade agreements also have greater benefits for the exports of smaller firms, and so do preferential trade agreements, including stronger transparency provisions for sanitary and phytosanitary and technical barriers to trade regulations. The results are robust to dropping larger exporters and highly concentrated export sectors to address endogeneity. The benefits of sanitary and phytosanitary and technical barriers to trade provisions are mainly driven by sectors with more heavily-regulated products. Entry into new product markets and increases in export quality partly explain the rising exports of smaller firms. Finally, the estimated impacts are similar regardless of the income level of the preferential trade agreement partners.
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9700
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    Online Resource
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    FU Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    Charité
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Role of Imports for Exporter Performance in Peru / (2015)
    Washington, D.C. :The World Bank,
    Details
    UID:
    almafu_9958143946402883
    Format: 1 online resource (38 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: Using highly disaggregated firm-level customs transaction data for imports and exports in Peru over the 2000-2012 period, this paper explores the relationship between imports of intermediate inputs and firm export performance. The paper shows that greater use, variety, and quality of imported intermediate inputs is significantly correlated with higher exports, faster export growth, greater diversification of export markets, and higher quality exports (as measured by relative unit prices) at the firm level. This relationship is robust and persistent to controls for unobserved firm heterogeneity and year fixed effects. The use of imported inputs is also associated with higher productivity at the firm level. Considering the relationship between specific trade policy measures and the import performance of those exporters that are direct importers, the analysis shows that those exposed to higher tariffs and nontariff measures import less in total and exhibit lower import variety. The use of the advanced clearance procedure as the modality to clear customs for imports is favorable to the import performance of exporter-importers, in that the users of the modality import more and import a more diversified bundle of inputs than those that do not use it, even after controlling for firm size.
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7492
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    Online Resource
    Fulltext
    FU Berlin
    UB Potsdam
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    Charité
    MPI Bildungsforschung
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Are Trade Preferences a Panacea? : The African Growth and Opportunity Act and African Exports (2019)
    Washington, D.C. :The World Bank,
    Details
    UID:
    almafu_9959028194502883
    Format: 1 online resource (75 pages)
    Series Statement: Policy research working papers.
    Content: Does "infant industry" preferential access durably boost export performance? This paper exploits significant trade policy changes in the United States around the turn of the 21st century to address this question. The expansion of Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) products for less developed countries in 1997 and the implementation of the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) in 2001 is used to assess whether preferential access boosts exports of eligible products in general and apparel specifically. The phase-out of the Multi-Fiber Arrangement (MFA) in 2005 is used to assess whether any expansion in apparel exports survived the erosion of preferences. To find a causal impact of these changes on exports to the United States from a given beneficiary country, the analysis uses a triple-differences regression and 26 years of newly constructed trade and tariff data at the country-product-year level (1992-2017). The analysis finds that the AGOA boosted African apparel exports, and the expansion of the GSP increased African exports of other eligible products. While the marginal impacts on African apparel exports grew sharply in the first years of AGOA, the impacts leveled off after 2005, when the end of the MFA quotas unleashed competition from Asian countries. The illusion of sustained African apparel exports is created by three late-bloomers in East Africa offsetting the boom-bust pattern in Southern Africa and the never-significant response in Central and Western Africa. Firm-level customs data for selected countries reveal that even in East Africa, the recent export growth was driven by new entrants rather than by incumbent firms whose competitiveness might have been nurtured by the big preference margins during the early AGOA period. Understanding the heterogeneous response to trade preferences remains a challenge. However, preliminary evidence suggests that preferential access per se was not sufficient but needed to be complemented by specific domestic reforms: tariff liberalization, reduced regulatory burden, enhanced connectivity, and competitive exchange rates.
    Language: English
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-8753
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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    FU Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
    HTW Berlin
    Charité
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Openness and technological innovations in developing countries : evidence from firm-level surveys (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049074639
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3985
    Content: "The authors analyze the role of international technological diffusion for firm-level technological innovations in several developing countries. Their findings show that, after controlling for firm, industry, and country characteristics, exporting and importing activities are important channels for the diffusion of technology. They also find evidence that the majority of foreign-owned firms are significantly less likely to engage in technological innovations than minority foreign-owned firms or domestic-owned firms. The authors interpret this finding as evidence that the technology transferred from multinational parents to majority-owned subsidiaries is more mature than that transferred to minority-owned subsidiaries. This finding supports the idea that equity joint ventures maximize technology transfers to local firms. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/21/2006
    Additional Edition: Almeida, Rita Openness and technological innovations in developing countries
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext
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    HWR Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
    TH Brandenburg
    HTW Berlin
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Firm productivity in Bangladesh manufacturing industries (2006)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049074636
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3988
    Content: "The author studies the determinants of total factor productivity (TFP) for manufacturing firms in Bangladesh using data from a recent survey. She obtains TFP measures by making use of firm-specific deflators for output and inputs. Controlling for industry, location, and year fixed effects, she finds that: (1) firm size and TFP are negatively correlated; (2) firm age and TFP exhibit an inverse-U shaped relationship; (3) TFP improves with the quality of the firm's human capital; (4) global integration improves TFP; (5) firms with research and development activities and quality certifications have higher TFP, while more advanced technologies improve TFP only in the presence of significant absorptive capacity; (6) power supply problems cost firms heavily in terms of TFP losses; and (7) the presence of crime dampens TFP. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 8/21/2006
    Additional Edition: Fernandes, Ana Margarida Firm productivity in Bangladesh manufacturing industries
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext
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    HWR Berlin
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    TH Brandenburg
    HTW Berlin
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International economic activities and the demand for skilled labor : evidence from Brazil and China (2004)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049075197
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3426
    Content: "Increases in international economic integration can lead to greater specialization according to comparative advantage, but also to the diffusion of skill-biased technologies. In developing countries characterized by relative abundance of unskilled labor, these factors can have opposite effects on the relative demand for skilled labor. Fajnzylber and Fernandes investigate the impact of the use of imported inputs, exports, and foreign direct investment on the demand for skilled workers by Brazilian and Chinese manufacturing plants. They find that while in Brazil increased levels of international integration are associated with an increased demand for skilled labor, the opposite is true in China. This paper 'a product of the Growth and Investment Team, Development Research Group' is part of a larger effort in the group to study the links between globalization and labor markets"--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 10/7/2004
    Additional Edition: Fajnzylber, Pablo International economic activities and the demand for skilled labor
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext
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    HWR Berlin
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    HTW Berlin
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Learning-by-doing, learning-by-exporting, and productivity : evidence from Colombia (2005)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049075080
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 3544
    Content: "The empirical evidence on whether participation in export markets increases plant-level productivity has been inconclusive so far. The authors explain this inconclusiveness by drawing on Arrow's (1962) characterization of learning-by-doing, which suggests focusing on young plants and using measures of export experience rather than export participation. They find strong evidence of learning-by-exporting for young Colombian manufacturing plants between 1981 and 1991: total factor productivity increases 4-5 percent for each additional year a plant has exported, after controlling for the effect of current exports on total factor productivity. Learning-by-exporting is more important for young than for old plants and in industries that deliver a larger percentage of their exports to high-income countries. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 4/7/2005
    Additional Edition: Fernandes, Ana Margarida Learning-by-doing, learning-by-exporting, and productivity
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext
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    HWR Berlin
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    TH Brandenburg
    HTW Berlin
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Technology adoption and the investment climate : firm-level evidence for Eastern Europe and Central Asia (2008)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049073914
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4707
    Content: "The international diffusion of technology presents an opportunity for developing economies distant from the world technological frontier to reduce their income gap relative to advanced economies. It is therefore crucial to understand why, when faced with similar technological alternatives different firms in different countries choose to adopt different vintages of capital. This paper examines technology adoption across firms in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The findings show that access to complementary inputs - managerial capacity, skilled labor, finance, and good infrastructure - and to international knowledge - through foreign direct investment or exports - is an important correlate of technology adoption. The link between market incentives and technology adoption is more nuanced. Although consumer pressure results in technology adoption, competitor pressure does not, suggesting that only firms with rents are able to adopt technology given substantial resource constraints. Privatized firms exhibit better technology adoption outcomes but only when a clear private owner with a profit incentive is present. Better governance is associated with technology adoption only in the countries that joined the European Union in 2004. Future increases in technology adoption by firms in the region will require complementary reforms of the investment climate. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/18/2009
    Additional Edition: Corrêa, P. H. da Rocha Technology adoption and the investment climate
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext
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    HWR Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
    TH Brandenburg
    HTW Berlin
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Foreign direct investment in services and manufacturing productivity growth : evidence for Chile (2008)
    [Washington, D.C] : World Bank
    Details
    UID:
    b3kat_BV049073891
    Format: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg Also available in print
    Series Statement: Policy research working paper 4730
    Content: "During the 1990s, foreign direct investment in producer service sectors in Latin America was massive. Such investment may increase the quality of services, reduce their cost, and offer opportunities for knowledge spillovers to downstream users of the services. This paper examines the effects of foreign direct investment in services on manufacturing productivity growth in Chile between 1992 and 2004. The authors estimate an extended production function where plant output growth depends on input growth and a weighted measure of foreign direct investment in services. The novelty of the approach is that the authors are able to assess the intensity of usage of various types of services at the plant level and use that information in the estimation of the importance of foreign direct investment in those services. The econometric results show a positive and significant effect of foreign direct investment in services on productivity growth of Chilean manufacturing plants which is robust to a multitude of tests. The economic impact of the estimates is that forward linkages from foreign direct investment in services account for almost 5 percent of the observed increase in Chilean manufacturing productivity growth during the sample period. This evidence therefore suggests that reducing the barriers restricting foreign direct investment in services in many developing economies may help accelerate productivity growth in their manufacturing sectors. "--World Bank web site
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF file as viewed on 5/12/2009
    Additional Edition: Fernandes, Ana Margarida Foreign direct investment in services and manufacturing productivity growth
    Language: English
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext
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    HWR Berlin
    EUV Frankfurt
    TH Brandenburg
    HTW Berlin
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